GSM Fundamentals

GSM Services

Objectives
At the end of this learning element, the student should be
able to:

Explain the concept of Services for GSM phase 1, 2 and 2+. List and explain the operation of at least four teleservices
offered by GSM networks. List and explain the operation of at least four bearer services offered by GSM networks. List and explain the operation of at least four supplementary services offered by GSM networks.

GSM Phase 1/2 Services

Services
ISDN-oriented Mobile specific services & modifications

Supplementary Services

Teleservices

Bearer Services

GSM Phase 1/2 Services

GSM Phase 1/2 Services

Tele Services TS:
defines services "end-to-end" incl. application

Bearer Services BS:

defines data transmission

Teleservices Bearer Services

PLMN section section outside PLMN

TE (MS)

GSM network

Interworking Function IWF

Transit network

Terminating network

TE (MS)

Supplementary Services SS:

enhance/modify TS / BS

Bearer Services

Teleservices

Supplementary Services

Applications

Applications

Current Applications: Terminal Devices

Mobile equipment:
Car phones Portables Handhelds

Transmission power:
8 W / 4 W (GSM 900/1800) 2W/1W

Applications/Transmission:
Speech
Short messages (SMS) Faxes Data Internet surfing Organizer Mobile banking

Mobile accessories:
Fax devices Laptops Digital cameras Headsets Barcode readers GPS receivers ....

Solutions: Phase 2
Demands on Mobile Communications

Solutions:

Quick transfer of large data volumes (E-Mail, Internet, File transfer, Multimedia) Improved speech quality User friendliness Worldwide availability Worldwide HPLMN service Specific services

Phase 2+

GSM Phase 2+ Services

Services
Demands on mobile communications?

GSM Phase 2+

GSM Phase 2+ solutions

GSM Phase 2+ Solutions

satellite roaming
e.g. ICO

multiband / mode

SOR
Support of Optimal Routing

EFR
Enhanced Full Rate

MSP

Multiple Subscriber Profile

UUS
User-User Signalling

ASCI

GPRS
General Packet Radio Service

Advanced Speech Call Items CAMEL Customized Application for Mobile network HSCSD Enhanced Logic High Speed Circuit Switched Data

EDGE
Enhanced Data rates for the GSM Evolution

GSM Phase 2+ Solutions

GSM / ISDN: Data Transmission Rates

EDGE

400 350

max. data rate [kbit/s]

300 250 200 150 100 50 0

HSCSD GPRS

ISDN

GSM
Phase 1/2

GSM

GSM
Phase 2+

GSM

ISDN: Integrated Services Digital Network GPRS: General Packet Radio Service

HSCSD: High Speed Circuit Switched Data EDGE: Enhanced Data rates for the GSM Evolution

HSCSD: High Speed Circuit Switched Data

9.6

14.4 kbit/s

transmission rate

14.4 kbit/s 28.8 kbit/s 57.6 kbit/s Circuit Switched for continuous data flow e.g. moving pictures, video telephone

only point-to-point

no new network elements

SW modifications

Disadvantage: not resource efficient

smaller HW modifications

GPRS: General Packet Radio Service

bundling: 1 - 8 channels CS-1 CS-2 CS-3 CS-4

9.05 kbit/s

Packet Switched

up to > 100 kbit/s

13.4 kbit/s
(theoret. 171.2 kbit/s)

billing according to data volume possible

15.6 kbit/s

point-to-multipoint
(possible)

21.4 kbit/s

internet, telemetry, fleet management, e-mail, traffic telemetry,.. Modifications in Network & Protocol architecture

channel different redundancy depending on air interface quality coding Advantage: resource efficient direct IP access prerequisite for UMTS

protocol architecture modifications

EDGE: Enhanced Data rates for the GSM Evolution

TS bundling data rate/TS [kbit/s] transmission rate 1
up to 69.2

up to 138.4 kbit/s up to 207.6 kbit/s up to 553.6 kbit/s

GSM (HSCSD) Modulation Carrier width Modulation rate bit rate/TS Max. rate GMSK 200 kHz 270.8 kbit/s 14.4 kbit/s 115 kbit/s

GSM (EDGE) 8PSK 200 kHz 813 kbit/s 69.2 kbit/s 553.6 kbit/s

EDGE:
Booster for GPRS (&HSCSD)
High-level modulation (813 instead of 270 kbit/s) Use of "classical" GSM channel structure
(FDMA/TDMA: 200 kHz; 8 TS with 4.615 ms each)

max. 8 x 69.2 kbit/s = 553.6 kbit/s meets 3G requirements (Zone 3: rural)

Speech Transmission in Phase 2+

ASCI
Enhanced Full Rate EFR
improved speech codec (13 kbit/s)

Advanced Speech Call Items

Voice Broadcast Service VBS Voice Group Call Service VGCS enhanced Multi-Level Precedence and Pre-Emption eMLPP
For Closed User Groups (GSM-R) Group and broadcast services Quick call set-up Priority control

ASCI: Advanced Speech Call Items

Advanced Speech Call Items

ASCI
Voice Broadcast Service VBS
1 "speaker (MS or fixed network), many listeners Message for particular groups / particular cells Only speaker" interacts with network Notification (instead of paging) & message in def. cells "Listener" passive (confirmation message possible)

enhanced Multi-Level Precedence & Pre-Emption

eMLPP
Priority control for VBS, VGCS Priority classes: 5 (subscriber) + 2 (network-internal procedures) Priority allocation: service provider / SIM

Voice Group Call Service VGCS

Speech group call: 1 group call channel 1 "speaker", many listeners; group as with VBS Changing speaker (call initiator listener mode) "Transmission rights" in speech pauses Ended by initiator / VAD

CAMEL: Customized Application for Mobile network Enhanced Logic

ETSI definition of IN services

allows operator-specific services

usage also with

International Roaming

Implementation in steps:
Step 1: Release 96
Support of some service definitions
e.g. "Call Screening Services", "Call Supervision Services", "Number Translation Services"

Step 2: Release 97
other features: download HPLMN-charging information, on-line charging, internal pre-paid, Specialized Resource Functions SRF (add. service info, tones, announcements,..), local info, ...

exchange of subscriber information HPLMN VPLMN

Step 3: Release 99
Co-operation with GSM mobility

implementation of IN functional elements

management
Multiparty calls

Support of UMTS - VHE concept

SIM Toolkit

GSM functions

SIM
Subscriber Identity Module

SIM Toolkit
Supplements ME functions without HW modifications Data download (SMS) Call control (digit sequence) Info on cell identity, call status application modifications for status change possible Applications: home banking, booking flights, info services,... Special security mechanisms

ME
Mobile Equipment

MExE: Mobile station application Execution Environment

MExE
Mobile station application Execution Environment

simplified implementation of operator-dependent applications

user friendly interfaces (internet surfing / mobile phones)

SW download

WAP
Wireless Application Protocol

JAVA

Other Phase 2+ Features

UUS SOR
Support of Optimal Routing User to User Signaling

speech

+
SMS

Direct connection No detour via HPLMN VPLMN HPLMN: only signaling

private

MSP
Multiple Subscriber Profile

Max. 4 different subscriber identities 1 SIM

work