OptiX BWS 1600G System Troubleshooting

Objectives

Upon completion of this coures,you will be able to: Compare the different use of Common Methods of Fault Locating. Illustrate Regular Operation for Troubleshooting. Describe the Basic Thoughts and Methods of Fault Locating. Know the Fault Handling Flow. Analyze and Eliminate the common faults. Improve the ability of eliminating faults through case analysis

References

Optix BWS 1600G Maintenance Manual(Troubleshooting) Optix Metro6100 Maintenance Manual(Troubleshooting) Optix Metro 6040 User Manual

Contents

Chapter 1 Operations for troubleshooting Chapter 2 Basic Thoughts and Methods of Fault Locatiting Chapter 3 Fault Handling Flow Chapter 4 Fault classification and location

Review Point
Left is defined as west and right as east in a chain network.

WEST

EAST

WEST

EAST

WEST EAST

The ring network takes counter-clockwise direction as the primary ring direction.

EAST

WEST

WEST

EAST

Key Operation

Software Loopback (Use-T2000) Cross Loopback (Trans & Receive) Hardware Loopback (Use Physical Fiber) Reset Board Clean Optical Interface Optical Power Test Replacement of Board

Software Loopback: Outloop

Outloop OTU

* Loop a received signal directly back

corresponding output port(WDM or
side). * It can be used to test the fiber line

to its
Client side WDM side

client and OUT Outloop

Client side WDM side

connectors.

Software Loopback: Inloop

Inloop at client side of OTU

OUT inloop

Client side

WDM side

Inloop at WDM side of OTU

Inloop OTU

Client side

WDM side

Cross Loopback
Broadcast receiving signal at client side To optical transmitting modules at both Client side and WDM side

Optical Transmitting module Optical Receiving module Client side

Optical Receiving module Optical Transmitting module

1
1 B OTU

Note: LWM and LWX boards support cross loopback.

WDM side

Broadcast receiving at WDM side to optical Transmitting modules at both WDM side And client side.

Hardware Loopback

Transmitting module

Software Loopback

Hardware loopback

Rx IN Receiving module Tx
Client side

OUT WDM side

Rx Fixed Attenuation Tx

IN OUT

Reset Board

Reset SCC Board

Reset by NM. Reset by Pressing the reset button on SCC board. Reset by removing and inserting SCC board

Reset Other Boards

Reset by NM Reset by unplugging/plugging the board.

Clean Optical Interface

Make sure the fiber to be cleaned is disconnected with any active component. Hold the fiber connector,clean the surface with lens tissue, Do this once or twice more using different parts of the tissue. After the surface dries,use special compressed gas to blow the surface Check the connector surface

Optical Power Test

OTM OTM
Fiber jumper

Testing OUT port

ODF IN IN IN IN

ODF IN IN IN IN IN
OTU

OTU MUX/ OA DEMUX

FIU

FIU

OA

MUX/ DEMUX

Optical board Optical power meter Optical power meter

Optical Power test

Fiber jumper

MON

Testing port

Optical power meter

Optical board

Replacement of Board
Skilled at the operation methods in General precautions. The setting of board jumpers and DIP switches. Input optical power range of optical Interface board; Detailed information Remove the optical fiber from the Can be obtained from front panel; Bar code. Width of the front panel.

Check board version (Especially for OUT)

Before replacement

During replacement

Wear an ESD wrist strap. Correctly swap the board. Avoid short-circuit of the board.
Check whether the board is working normally, and upload configuration on the NM again.

Prevent eyes from being hurt by the laser.

After replacement

If you replace the SCC board, you shall upload the original SCC configuration data to the NM, and then download them from the NM to the new SCC. Pay attention to NE user configuration

Classification of Board Replacement

Classification of boards Optical transponder unit Board name Remarks
For new OTU; a.The type is identical with the original one. b.The wavelength, optical module is identical with that of the original one a. Prevent the over-high input optical power from damaging optical components. b. Keep the operating band of the new optical amplifier unit identical with that of original one. c. Do not stare into the output optical interface, since the output optical power of HBA, PRA/RPC/RPL is very high. a. Prevent the over-high input optical power from damaging optical components. b. Keep the operating band of the new optical amplifier unit identical with that of original one. c. Keep the type of the substitute board identical with that of original one.

OTU

Optical amplifier unit

OA

Optical multiplexing/ MUX / Demultiplexing & DEMUX Add/drop multiplexing unit

Optical supervisory Channel unit SC1, SC2 TC1, TC2

a. The type of the substitute board identical with that of original one and whether it supports LHP system application. b. The input optical power

Contents

Chapter 1 Operations for troubleshooting Chapter 2 Basic Thoughts and Methods of Fault Locatiting Chapter 3 Fault Handling Flow Chapter 4 Fault classification and location

Requirements for Maintenance Personnel

Be familiar with DWDM system and troubleshooting of common alarms Professional in Basic Operations

Familiarity with Common Test Instruments

Awareness of Network Layout Collection and Saving of On-site Data

Basic Principles of Fault Locating

External First, then Internal High-severity Alarms First, then Low-severity Alarms Network First, then NE Why Trouble?

Note: The key step is to locate the fault to a certain cable or a station or an exact board accurately.

Common Methods of Fault Locating

Alarm and performance analysis

Test with instruments

Replacement

Loopback

Handling based On experience

Alarm and performance analysis

How to obtain alarms and performance Querying current or history alarms and performance data through transmission network management (NM) system. Querying current running status of the equipment through Cabinet & board indicators
Features

From NMS Comprehensive

The fault information about the equipment in the whole network can be obtained.

From cabinet and board Easy for operation on site Faulty information is not detailed

Accurate
Current alarms, history alarms, occurrence time, And performance event data can be gotten.

Note:
If no obvious alarm or performance event is reported, alarm and performance analysis is useless.

Alarm and performance analysis

SDH service between A & B is interrupted, and SDH equipment in B does not receive Service or receives a lot of bit errors.

M40 SDH LWF

D40 OAU OAU LWF

SDH

SC1

SC1

D40

M40 OAU OAU

A (OTM)

B (OTM)

Test with instruments

Used to remove external problems of the transmission equipment or interconnection problems Test meters: optical power meter, optical spectrum analyzer, SDH tester and signal analyzer.

1.Compare with performance data from NMS. 2.Avoid service interruption. MON port is Recommended for measurement

1. Test MON port and measure optical power, wavelength, OSNR directly, analyze the gain flatness of the optical amplifier board. 2. Compare with original data.

Replacement
LWF reports R_LOS

A R_LOS

SDH
B

LWF

Features

An abnormal article is replaced with a normal one. If the problem still exists, it means that this particular article is not faulty and there may be some other problems. The article might be a section of fiber, a board, a flange or an attenuator.

Loopback
Attenuator s
Attenuator Tx1 Tx2 Rxn Txn Attenuator OA/OD Analyzer Rx1 OM/OA Tx1 Tx2 OM/OA OA/OD Rx1 Rx2

SDH

R_LOS
Rx2

Txn Rxn

Loopback by segments or section

Handling based on experience

Reset board Plugging/unplugging board Restarting a single station after power failure Re-send configuration (SCC replacement)

It is recommended to use this method as less as possible, since it is unsuitable for finding fault reason thoroughly.

Troubleshooting Procedure

Troubleshooting for External Faults

Clearing the fault of accessed client equipment (SDH, Ethernet etc.)
Clearing the optical fiber fault Clearing the fault of power supply Clearing grounding fault

Locating fault to a single station Locating the fault to a board

Common method
Replacement, meter test, and loopback Loopback Replacement

Contents

Chapter 1 Operations for troubleshooting Chapter 2 Basic Thoughts and Methods of Fault Locatiting Chapter 3 Fault Handling Flow Chapter 4 Fault classification and location

Fault Handling Flow

General fault handling flow

Emergency handling flow

Collection and recording information

Technical support

General Fault Handling Flow

Start Record fault symptom External Causes Analyze & locate fault Fault removed? No Feed back to Huawei Work out solutions together Summary and Fitt out report Try to solve No Service recovery? Yes Running & observe Fault removed? Yes END Yes No Fault removed? Yes Yes Other handling process

No

Handle service interruption

Emergency Handling flow

Transmission NM YES

Is standby channel available?

NO

Switch the service to the standby channel

For service interruption Caused by external factors Such as power failure, fiber Cut, improper operation or software And hardware faults

YES Is loopback set? NO Cancel loopback

3 Is there any abnormal alarms? NO 4 Is optical power abnormal? NO 5 Are there bit error NO

YES

Do alarms below occur; R_LOS/MUT_LOS NO IN_PWR_LOW / IN_PWR_HIGH YES

Reset the board; Remove/insert the board; Replace the board

YES

Optical power troubleshooting

YES

Bit error troubleshooting Contact Huawei for help Is the fault Removed?

NO

YES

End

Common Alarms and Causes

Board type
Optical Amplifier Unit

Alarm
MUT_LOS PUM_BCM_ALM, PUM_COOL_ALM

Handling
Power related alarm, mainly relevant to the received signal. Check whether the optical power of upstream optical path and station is normal. Check whether the running of fan is normal; Check whether the ambient temperature is over-high or over-low ; Board faulty. The board needs to be replaced. Power related alarm, mainly relevant to the received signal. Check whether the optical power of upstream optical path and station is normal. Check whether the running of fan is normal; Check whether the ambient temperature is over-high or over-low ; Board faulty. If the service is affected, replace the board in time. If not, replace it in a proper time.

MUT_LOS Optical Multiplexer/ Demultiplexer LSR_COOL_ALM Unit

OTU

R_LOS, IN_PWR_LOW Power related alarm, mainly relevant to the received signal. Check IN_PWR_HIGH whether the optical power of upstream optical path and station is normal. R_LOF,B1_OVER, B1_SD,B2_OVER, B2_SD

Power related alarm, mainly relevant to the received signal. Check whether the optical power of upstream optical path and station is normal. In addition, if the module in the receiving end is faulty, these alarms will also occur.

TF, OUT_PWR_LOW, Mainly relevant to the transmitting part of the board. If the service is affected, replace OUT_PWR_HIGH the board in time.

OTU

LSR_COOL_ALM, LSR_WILL_DIE

Check whether the running of fan is normal; Check whether the ambient temperature is over-high or over-low ; Board faulty. If the service is affected, replace the board in time. If not, replace it in a proper time.

Technical Support
Vuppulamritha Magnatic Components Ltd.
Address: Plot No.3A, Road No. 2, Shakti Sai Nagar, IDA Mallapur, R.R. Distt., Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh Postal Code: 500076 Website: http://www.vmcindia.com

Customer service mailbox: customersupport@vmcindia.com

Contents

Chapter 1 Operations for troubleshooting Chapter 2 Basic Thoughts and Methods of Fault Locatiting Chapter 3 Fault Handling Flow Chapter 4 Fault classification and location

Fault Classification
Optical Power Abnormity Bit Errors Transient Service Interruption Service Interruption ECC Faults

Orderwire Faults
Equipment Interconnection Failure Other Faults

FAULT CLASSIFICATION

Optical Power Abnormity

Optical Power Abnormity

SDH OTU MUX OA OA DMUX OTU SDH

OTU OSC SDH SDH OTU DMUX OA OTU OA MUX OSC

OTU SDH SDH

OTU

OTU SDH SDH OTM Optical power checking point Category Optical power is too low The input optical power is below the Sensitivity. Decrease of the input optical power Affects optical signal-to-noise ratio. The input optical power is below ALS Service is interrupted threshold. Optical power is too high The input optical power is above Overload power
Bit errors are Generated and optical Receiving components Are damaged.

OTM Effect Bit errors are Generated.

Pay attenuation to optical power of OTU and OA

Optical Power Abnormity

Fault type Causes External causes Fiber attenuation is too high (due to fiber bending, squeezing, binding and dirty Connector). Incorrect fiber connection Line performance deterioration. OUT board failure or performance deterioration.
Equipment faults

Optical amplifying board failure or performance deterioration.

Alarm and performance analysis Section-by-section loopback Replacement Meter test

Procedure of Handling Optical Power Fault

Start
Transmission NM 11 2 33
Is input optical power of OTU at Rx port abnormal ? NO Is output optical power of OTU at OUT port abnormal ? NO Is input optical power of OBU abnormal ? NO Is output optical power of OBU abnormal ? NO Is input optical power of FIU at RC port abnormal ? NO Is output optical power of FIU at OUT port abnormal ? NO Is input optical power of FIU at IN port abnormal ? NO Is output optical power of FIU at TC port abnormal ? NO Is input optical power of OPU/OAU abnormal ? NO Is output optical power of OPU/OAU abnormal ? NO Is input optical power of OTU at IN port abnormal ? NO Is output optical power of OTU at Tx port abnormal ? NO Is the received optical power of SDH equipment abnormal ? NO

YES

Remove the fault At client side

Replace OUT Adjust VOA placed Before OBU

YES YES YES YES YES YES YES

Transmitting end

44
5 66 77 88 9

Replace OBU
Remove the Fiber fault Replace FIU Remove the Fiber fault Replace FIU Adjust VOA placed Before OPU/OAU Replace OPU/OAU
Adjust fibers between:- OPU/OAU & DMUX; DMUX & OTU

YES YES YES YES YES Contact VMC

Receiving end

10 11 12 13

Replace OTU Adjust fibers between OUT & SDH equipment NO YES Is fault removed End