Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
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NPW NPW
FCI
FCI
NPW
NPW
Monte Carlo Simulation
Monte Carlo Simulation for NPW
500 data points
0
20
40
60
80
-
$
2
,
5
0
0
-
$
2
,
2
0
0
-
$
1
,
9
0
0
-
$
1
,
6
0
0
-
$
1
,
3
0
0
-
$
1
,
0
0
0
-
$
7
1
0
-
$
4
1
0
-
$
1
1
0
$
3
5
$
3
3
0
$
6
3
0
Net Present Worth
(millions of dollars)
F
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
Piping System
Piping materials made of stainless
steel
Insulation thickness of 1 inch
Schedule 40 pipes increased to
schedule 80 to operate under bursting
strength
FCI of $900,000 for piping system
Piping Specifications
Stream Type Length (ft) Elbows (90
o
) Valves (globe) Pressure Drop (psia)
Hydrogen 8'' Sch 80 700 3 3 0.1623535
Benzene 4'' Sch 80 500 5 3 0.0568027
Recycle 8'' Sch 80 350 4 1 0.1724243
Feed 6'' Sch 80 150 6 2 0.1095886
Top 8'' Sch 80 500 2 2 0.0748854
Bottom 6'' Sch 80 500 2 2 0.1420422
Purge 6'' Sch 80 300 2 1 0.0448303
S1 10'' Sch 80 150 2 1 0.5344238
S2 10'' Sch 80 100 2 1 0.643341
S3 10'' Sch 80 150 4 2 0.9095154
S4 10'' Sch 80 150 4 2 0.7703857
S5 10'' Sch 80 100 2 1 0.4255066
S6 10'' Sch 80 150 4 2 0.6598205
S7 10'' Sch 80 150 4 0 0.0444946
S8 10'' Sch 80 100 2 1 0.039032
Pumping Section
Cyclohexane is pumped from the
process to a storage tank at 555 psia
which is 35 feet above the flash tank
Pumping Section
Pump Section
Piping
All pipe are stainless steel schedule
40
ability to resist corrosion
Pump Section
Pump
Positive displacement pump
9 hp required
415 ft head available
All components are stainless
steel
NPSHA
1240
1260
1280
1300
1320
1340
1360
1380
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600
flow rate, ft^3/hr
N
P
S
H
A
System Head
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600
flow rate, ft^3/hr
h
e
a
d
,
f
t
Pumping Section
Cost for installation of the pumping
section, including the pump, pipes, and
valves, was determined to be
$105,000
Total fixed capital investment for the
cyclohexane plant up to $2.4 million.
Heat Exchanger Network
There are three heat exchangers in the
cylcohexane plant
The heating utility required by the plant
is minimized by using the hot product
stream to pre-heat the incoming
reactant stream.
Heat Exchanger Network
Heat exchanger 1
was designed
rigorously
A temperature heat
diagram was created
Heat Exchanger: Design
Duty, x 10^6 BTU/hr
0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0
T
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
e
,
F
100.0
140.0
180.0
220.0
260.0
300.0
Heat Exchanger E1 Zones Analysis
Shell Side
Tube Side
Heat Exchanger: Design
The single pass, countercurrent design
was selected
No baffles were
used, in order to
maintain the
shell-side pressure
drop under 5 psi
Heat Exchanger: Design
By Hand Pro/II
Area (ft
2
) 2730 2980
U
[Btu/(hr*ft^2F)]
9.6 126.8
Number of
tubes
326 x 2 OD 40 x 1 OD
Length (ft) 16 284
Heat Exchanger Design
Triangular pitch
Stainless steel heat exchangers
Hot streams were maintained tube
side in all heat exchangers
Heat exchanger 2 uses steam to heat
the reactant stream
Heat exchanger 3 uses cooling water
to cool the product stream
Distillation Column
30 theoretical trays
Optimal feed location:
16
th
tray
Column height:
32 feet
Column diameter:
42 inches
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
1
30
T1
TOP
BOTTOM
FEED
Distillation Column
Valve trays
94 valves / tray
Tray spacing:
24 inches
Condenser heat duty:
-1.9 MM Btu/hr
Reboiler heat duty:
3.01 MM Btu/hr
Summary
After the detailed designs were
conducted, the cyclohexane plant was
shown to not meet IRIs criteria for
profitablity.
Yellow does not recommend IRI
building and operating this facility.
Questions