STUDY OF A REFRIGERATION UNIT

Course: CHE 302

Md. Hasib Al Mahbub Student ID: 0902045 Section: A2

Level-3, Term-1
Department of Chemical Engineering

Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology

Outline

What is Refrigeration? Significance of Refrigeration

Objectives
Experimental setup Results and Graphs Discussions

Refrigeration

A sequence of thermodynamic processes whereby heat is withdrawn from a cold body and expelled to a hot body.

Operates on reverse Carnot cycle.

Followed by evaporation, compression, condensation and expansion

Involves nucleate boiling, film wise condensation, flow control and other thermodynamic properties

Ideal Vapor Compression Refrigeration Cycle

Significance of Refrigeration

Preserving foodstuffs and Air conditioning Liquefy gas (i.e. O2, N2, CH4, C3H8 etc.) Mercerizing, bleaching, and dyeing in Textile mills To temper steel and cutlery Oil refineries, chemical plants, and petrochemical

plants

Objectives

To study vapor compression refrigeration cycle using Refrigeration unit (R633) and R141b as a refrigerant To investigate relationship the saturation pressure temperature

To determine the effect of evaporating and condensing temperature on refrigeration rate To investigate the effect of compressor pressure ratio on system performance To determine overall heat transfer coefficient

Assumptions

Irreversibility within evaporator, condenser and compressor are ignored No frictional pressure drops

Constant pressure refrigerant flow through heat exchangers

No surrounding heat loss Isentropic compression

Refrigeration unit (R633)

Figure 2. Refrigeration unit (R633)

Schematic Diagram

Figure 3. Schematic Diagram

Calculated Data
Number of Observation Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient (Evaporator), 1 2 3 4 5

724.02 1004.81 1148.35 724.58

724.58

Ue (W/m2) =

Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient (Condenser), Uc (W/m2) =

622.62 805.50

604.12

583.15

703.80

Graph of Saturation pressure vs. Saturation temperature

200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 Saturation Temperature, ( C ) 1 small square = 1C Evaporator Condenser 30 35

1 small square = 5 KPa Saturation Pressure, ( KPa )

Figure 4. Saturation pressure vs. Saturation temperature curve for both evaporator and condenser

Graph of heat transfer rate vs. condensing temperature

190

Rate of heat transfer for both evaporator and condenser(W) (1 square unit = 2 W)

180 170 160 150 140 130 120 110 100 90 22 24 26 28 30 32

Condensing temperature(C) (1 square unit = 0.4 C )

Evaporator Condenser

Figure 5. Heat transfer rate vs. condensing temperature curve for both evaporator and condenser

Graph of heat transfer rate vs. compressor pressure ratio

Rate of heat tranfer for both evaporator and condenser(W) 1 square umit = 10 W
260 240 220 200 180 160

140
120 100 80 4.5 4.7 4.9 5.1 5.3 5.5

Compressor pressure ratio 1 square unit = 0.04

Evaporator Condensor

Figure 6. Heat transfer rate vs. compressor pressure ratio for both evaporator and condenser

Discussion
Possible discrepancies occurred as

The system was not ideal Actual compression process was not isentropic

Figure 7. Ideal Vapor Compression Refrigeration Cycle

Discussion (Continued)

The actual compression process starts in superheated vapor region The actual heat rejection process in the condenser the liquid is subcooled Performances could be increased by

Cascade refrigeration system Multistage compression refrigeration systems etc.

Experimental observations were very close to the theoretical one and the objectives were completed

Question ?

Acknowledgement

Tania Tabassum Emi, Lecturer, Department of Chemical Engineering

Department of Chemical Engineering

Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology

THE END

Cascade refrigeration system

Multistage compression refrigeration system