Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
ACETABULUM
BONES ISCHIUM > 2/5
ILEUM < 2/5
PUBIS = 1/5
HEAD OF FEMUR
CAPSULE
FRONT
BACK
Muscular anatomy
Muscular Anatomy
ANTERIOR
Muscular Anatomy
POSTERIOR
Muscular
anatomy
Medial Group
ILIO-PSOAS MUSCLE
Movements of the Hip
and its main Muscles
– Flexion
• Iliopsoas
• Sartorius
• Tensor fascia lata
• Rectus femoris
• Pectineus
• Adductor longus
• Adductor brevis
• Adductor magnus
• Gracilis
Movements of the Hip
and its main Muscles
• Extension
– Hamstrings
– Adductor magnus
– Gluteus maximus
• Abduction
– Gluteus medius
– Gluteus minimus
– Tensor fascia lata
Movements of the Hip
and its main Muscles
• Adduction
– Adductor
longus
– Adductor
brevis
– Adductor
magnus
– Gracilis
– Pectineus
Movements of the Hip
and its main Muscles
• Rotation
– Medial
• Gluteus medius
• Gluteus minimus
• Tensor fascia lata
– Lateral
• Obturator externus
• Obturator internus
• Gemelli
• Piriformis
• Quadratus femoris
• Gluteus maximus
FEMORAL TRIANGLE
GLUTEAL AREA
BLOOD SUPPLY OF
THE FEMORAL HEAD
EXAMINATION
OF THE HIP JOINT
symptomatology
Pain
Limping
Deformity
STIFFNESS
Snapping
DEFORMITIES
Abnormal fixed position of the joint
Deformities along sagittal plain
)flexion, extension (
Rotational deformity
external, internal rotation} deformity {
Deformities along sagittal plain
flexion
• exaggeration of lumbar lordosis
NORMAL LIMB
DISEASED LIMB
:Thomas test
This test is used to
diagnose fixed flexion
deformity of the hip. The
examiner blocks the pelvis
by bringing the contralateral
sound hip into maximal
flexion. This eliminates
lumbar lordosis that can
beused to compensate for
the hip flexion contracture
of the affected hip. The leg
to be examined is then
brought into maximal
extension with the hip in
neutral adduction and
rotation.
Deformities along
coronal plain
Pelvic tilting
+
ASIS of the diseased side ASIS of the diseased side
Arthritis Flexion,adduction,internalrotation
UNILATERAL
Slipped Upper Femoral
Epiphysis
Common in boys 10-17
.yrs
.Bilateral in 1/3 of pts
Possible underlying
endocrine disease eg
.hypothyroidism
Pt may present with
knee
.pain
:AP view
Line tangent to superior
border of neck normally
.cuts through epiphysis
Perthes’
Disease
Most common inboys 4-8
.yrs
Self limiting disease
characterised by AVN of
.femoral head
Completerevascularization
of
epiphysis occurs without
any
.ttt,but may take 3 yrs
Deformation of epiphysis
occurs during
revascularization
.in some patients
PERTHES DISEASE
DEGENERATIVE
ARTHROSIS
AVN
T Y
I P AS
H L
O P
HR
RT
A
Chronic Osteomyelitis
osteochondroma
Multiple Myeloma
Multiple Myeloma
NERVE ENTRAPMENT SYNDROME
DEFINITION
COMPRESSION NEUROPATHIES
TRANSIENT
PERMNANT
•NERVE ROOT
• PLEXUS
PERIPHERAL NERVE
SYMPATHETIC TRUNK
LEADS TO
,SENENSORY
,MOTOR
REFLEX
SUDOMOTOR CHANGES
SPECIAL
INVESTIGATIONS
CT
CT & 3D-CT
BONE SCAN
US examination