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What is m-Cresol and its purpose of use in our experiment? m-Cresol is a derivative of m-Cresol and is a compound regarded as a priority pollutant by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) . Industries such as pulp and paper mills, textile mills, coal gasification units, herbicides and fungicides industry, etc., are mainly responsible for discharging mcresol in their aqueous effluents .
The principle of Adsorption and Desorption is explained through the diagram below:
Materials Required in carrying out the process: m-Cresol. 4-Aminoantipyrene. Liquour Ammonia. Potassium Ferricyanide. Spectrophotometer. Shaker-set at different speed. Different solutions. pH paper. Activated charcoal. Spectrophotometer.
Potassium Ferricyanide.
4-Aminoantipyrene.
Activated charcoal.
1)Reagents: (i)4-Aminoantipyrene=0.4gm in 20ml of water(20%). (ii)Ammonium hydroxide=1.0ml in 49.0ml of water. (iii)Potassium ferricyanide=1.6gm in 20ml of water(8%). (iv)Stock solution=0.2gm of m-Cresol in 100ml of water. 2)Solutions: (i) Glycine-HCl buffer:Stock solution A:0.2 M solution of Glycine(15.01 gm in 1000ml). B:0.2 M HCl. 50ml of A+X ml of B;diluted total 200ml. X 24.2 pH 2.6
(ii)Basic solution(NaOH solution): Stock solution was prepared using 2gm of NaOH pellets in 100gm of water. (iii)Acidic solution(HCl solution): Stock solution was prepared using 0.8ml of HCl mixed with 99.2ml of water.
To plot the standard curve for m-Cresol,the following datas were obtained:
Sl no. Concn. of m-Cresol Vol. of m-Cresol Vol. of water O.D.
1
2 3 4 5
1.2
1
5ppm
10ppm 20ppm 30ppm 40ppm
0.00ml
0.25ml 0.50ml 0.75ml 1.00ml
50.0ml
49.75ml 49.50ml 49.25ml 49.00ml
0
0.24 0.37 0.74 1.30
Assay of m-Cresol
0 0 5 10
15
Concentration of 20 m-Cresol(ppm)
25
30
35
40
45
ADSORPTION CHARACTERISTICS:
0.3gm of charcoal at 48rpm
Concn. 300ppm 500ppm 600ppm 700ppm OD at 15 0.48 0.65 0.58 0.84 OD at 30 0.00 0.00 0.58 0.78 OD at 45 0.61 0.73 OD at 60 0.58 0.73
700ppm
0.02
0.00
0.00
0.00
These studies were conducted by varying the concentration of charcoal-by 0.3gm and 0.6gm and the speed of the shaker by-48rpm and 76rpm
Standard curve for Desorption study: Concn. 10ppm 20ppm Water 99.5ml 99.0ml Stock 0.5ml 1.0ml O.D. value 0.05 0.11
30ppm
40ppm 50ppm
0.35
98.5ml
98.0ml 97.5ml
1.5ml
2.0ml 2.5ml
Desorption of m-Cresol
0.20
0.26 0.32
0.3
0.25 0.2
D. 80 m)
0.15
0.1 0.05
0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60
DESORPTION CHARACTERISTICS:Study Of desorption using acidic solution ( HCl solution) at pH=1.5 and charcoal taken was 0.3gm at 76rpm.
Study of desorption using NaOH solution at pH=10 and charcoal taken was 0.3gm at 76rpm Concentration 300ppm 500ppm 600ppm O.D after 1hour 0.742 0.566 0.885 O.D. at 24hrs 0.451 0.772 0.973
700ppm
0.914
0.552
94.5 %adsorption 94
93.5 93 92.5 92 91.5
300
700
Desorption Study:
after 1 hr 12 10 8 %desorption 6 4 2 0
.after 24 hrs.
after1 hr
.after 24 hrs.
45
40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Concentraion of m-cresol, ppm
%desorption
Concentration of m-cresol,ppm
300
500
600
700
300
500
600
700
Acidic condition
Basic condition
Study of Change in concentration of m-Cresol with respect to time:0.3 gm and 0.6gm at 48 rpm at 300ppm concentration of m-cresol:
m-cresol concentration,ppm
40
m-cresol concentration,ppm
35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 0 20 40 time,min 60 80
0.3 gm 0.6 gm
m-cresol concentration,ppm
16
m-cresol concentration,ppm
m-cresol concentration,ppm
m-cresol concentration,ppm
20
0 0 10 20 time,min 30 40 50
%adsorption
%adsorption
%adsorption
80 60 40 20 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 time,min
48rpm 76rpm
%adsorption
120 100
%adsorption
%adsorption
%adsorption
t/q
0.3gm at 76 rpm
0.7 0.6 0.5 y = 0.01x + 0.0028 R2 = 0.9998
600
t/q
0.6 gm at 48 rpm:
1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 0 10 20 30 40 t 50 60 70 80 y = 0.0201x + 0.0013 R2 = 0.9999 y = 0.0202x + 0.0003 R2 = 1 y = 0.0189x + 0.0554 R2 = 0.9463 y = 0.0201x + 0.0169 R2 = 0.9993
300 500 600 700 Linear (300) Linear (500) Linear (600) Linear (700)
t/q
The following conclusions can be drawn from the present work, The kinetics studies confirmed that m-Cresol-GAC adsorption system can be described by pseudo- secondorder kinetics model. Over all analysis of equilibrium model analysis indicates the fitness of Langmuir isotherm model to mCresol-GAC adsorption system, suggesting a monolayer adsorption of m-Cresol on the surface of GAC. m-Cresol adsorption capacity of GAC was found to be decreasing with increase in temperature suggesting that the adsorption process was exothermic in nature, which was further supported by the negative values of change in enthalpy. Equilibrium model analysis indicates the fitness of Freundlich isotherm model to m-Cresol-WHAC adsorption system, suggesting a multilayer adsorption of m-Cresol on the surface of WHAC. m-Cresol adsorption capacity of WHAC was found to be decreasing with increase in temperature suggesting that the adsorption process was exothermic in nature, which was further supported by the negative values of change in enthalpy. Other conclusions drawn: With the decreasing of the charcoal concentration and less speed,less is the recovery. With the decreasing of the charcoal concentration and more speed,more is the recovery. With the increasing of the charcoal concentration and less speed,less is the recovery. With the increasing of the charcoal concentration and more speed,more is the recovery. Desorption is very less at acidic pH activity.
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