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ABHISEK DASH
Introduction
It is a tube shaped reactor in which the chips move through continuously. Various zones in the reactor like charging, impregnation, heating , cooking, etc.
The most used continuous digester is the Kamyr digester. It is a tube which is 60-70 meters high made of carbon steel. The typical capacity of this sized digester is 1000 oven dry tons of pulp per day. Besides the actual digester, there is a large amount of periphery equipment needed to support the digester.
CONTINUOUS DIGESTER
Chips Chips Silo Steam S c reens Liquor Cooking Zone Chips and Liquor Steam Impregnation Zone
White Liquor
Liquor
Washing Zone Blow Line
A presteaming vessel is used to heat the chips and remove air and volatiles.
The chips are steamed for 2-3 minutes at 103-124 kPa.
Chip bin
Bin activator
Chip metre
*Controls the production rate
Steaming vessel
Chip chute
Connected to the top of high pressure feeder
From HPF chips come to the top separator at the top of digester
Top separator
It has a cylindrical screen surrounding a screw conveyor. The vertically slotted screen allows most transfer liquor to return to the top circulation pump. The screw conveyor moves the chips down into the digester and simultaneously wipes the cylindrical basket screen clear of all chips and fines.
Impregnation zone
Liquor penetrates into the capillary structure of the chips Low temp chemical reaction between the cooking liquor and components of the solid wood phase begin Cooking chemicals diffuse from exterior chip surface towards the chip centre 45-50 minutes of chip retention at 115-130 c
. ]X :
()
B:flow rate of bound liquor in the heating zone F:total flow rate of liquor in the heating zone C:flow rate of liquor through external circulation
Extraction zone
The extraction zone purges black liquor from reaction mixture Extracted liquor goes to the flash tank
Flash tank
Liquor is cooled by flashing and the flash stream is reclaimed for pre heating
% Lignin
Upper Cook Discharge (85 l/s) Lower Cook Discharge (120 l/s)
Lign 27.2 25.5 23.8 22.1 20.4 18.7 16.9 15.2 13.5 Quench 11.8 Discharge 10.1 (4 l/s) 8.4 6.6 4.9 3.2
% Carbo
Upper Cook Discharge (85 l/s) Lower Cook Discharge (120 l/s)
Carb 65.2 63.6 61.9 60.3 58.7 57.1 55.4 53.8 52.2 50.6 49.0 47.3 45.7 44.1 42.5
Blowline
Blowline