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The Eye gaze System is a communication system for people with complex physical disabilities. This operates with eyes by looking at control keys displayed on a screen. With this system a person can synthesize speech, control his environment , operate a telephone, run computer software, operate a computer mouse, and access the Internet and e-mail.
CONTENTS
Introduction Users of the eye gaze system Working Running Functionalities Operational environment Advancements Future Work Conclusion
The Eye gaze System is a direct-select visioncontrolled communication and control system.
Edmund Huey built an early eye tracker, using a sort of contact lens with a hole for the pupil. The lens was connected to an aluminum pointer that moved in response to the movement of the eye It was developed in Fairfax, Virginia, by LC Technologies, Inc., With the help of an eye gaze system, people whose communication abilities are impaired can still express their feelings and needs with a limitless vocabulary.
This system is mainly developed for those who lack the use of their hands or voice Its users are adults and children with cerebral palsy, spinal cord injuries, brain injuries, ALS, multiple sclerosis, brainstem strokes
Adequate vision
To "press" an Eye gaze key, the user looks at the key for a specified period of time.
The gaze duration required to visually activate a key, typically a fraction of a second, is adjustable. An array of menu keys and exit keys allow the user to navigate around the Eye gaze programs independently. The Edge Analysis System uses the Pupil-Center/Corneal-Reflection method to determine the eye's gaze direction. A video camera located below the computer screen remotely and unobtrusively observes the subject's eye. No attachments to the head are required. A small, low power, infrared light emitting diode (LED) located at the center of the camera lens illuminates the eye. The LED generates the corneal reflection and causes the bright pupil effect, which enhances the camera's image of the pupil.
Calibrate Typewrite
Read Text
Entertain with games Teach Screens
BE AT TWO SITES!!
BE A KEYBOARD
CONTROL appliances
DIAL and answer a phone
The Main Menu appears on the screen as soon as the user completes a 15-second calibration procedure. The Main Menu presents a list of available Eye gaze programs. The user calls up a desired program by looking at the Eye gaze key next to his program choice.
The Phrases program, along with the speech synthesizer, provides quick communications for non-verbal users.
The telephone program allows the user to place and receive calls. Frequently used numbers are stored in a telephone "book". Non-verbal users may access the speech synthesizer to talk on the phone.
The Run Second PC program permits the Eye gaze Communication System to act as a peripheral keyboard and Mouse interface to a Windows computer.
Simple Mouse is an easy mouse control program to provide simplified access to educational software on a Second PC
The Lights & appliances Program which includes computercontrolled switching equipment, provides Eye gaze control of lights and appliances anywhere in the home or office. No special house wiring is necessary. The user turns appliances on and off by looking at a bank of switches displayed on the screen.
The Eyegaze System must be operated in an environment where there is limited of infrared light. The System works best away from windows, and in a room lit with fluorescent or mercuryvapor lights, which are low in infrared.
Offer an unobstructed field of view with good access to the face and head. Make no contact with the subject.
It is a sophisticated system with a high tracking rate and excellent working range. It can accommodate rapid or involuntary head movements Intelligaze uses the latest camera technology, very sophisticated image processing and calibration methods
Scanning Keyboard is the new row/column keyboard with an on- screen eye "switch" for people with limited eye movement.
Nystagmus - constant, involuntary movement of the eyeball Alternating strabismus - eyes cannot be directed to the same object, either one deviates
Blurred vision
Cataracts (clouding of the lens of the eye)
Ability to read
Cognition Memory
Neurosciences /Neuropsychology Vision Research Experimental Psychology Cognitive Psychology Psycholinguistics Psychiatry /Mental Health Transportation: Flight simulators /driving simulators Robotics - remote vision control Video and arcade games
Totally Free Head Motion Automatic Eye Acquisition Binocular Eye tracking High Gaze point Tracking Accuracy Easy User Calibration
Today, the human eye-gaze can be recorded by relatively unremarkable techniques. This thesis argues that it is possible to use the eye-gaze of a computer user in the interface to aid the control of the application.
Care must be taken, though, that eye-gaze tracking data is used in a sensible way, since the nature of human eye-movements is a combination of several voluntary and involuntary cognitive processes.