Oliver A.

Canarejo BSEE V-2

DEFINITION
A cam is a rotating or sliding piece in a mechanical

linkage used especially in transforming rotary motion into linear motion or vice-versa. It is often a part of a rotating wheel (e.g. an eccentric wheel) or shaft (e.g. a cylinder with an irregular shape) that strikes a lever at one or more points on its circular path. The cam can be a simple tooth, as is used to deliver pulses of power to a steam hammer, for example, or an eccentric disc or other shape that produces a smooth reciprocating (back and forth) motion in the follower, which is a lever making contact with the cam.

 The CAM and FOLLOWER system is used to suck oil

in through one non-return valve and push it through on the other non-return valve. . The suck action is achieved by the system because the follower is cylindrically shaped and moves within a tight fitting cylinder so oil is sucked in and pushed out as the follower moves up and down.

CHARACTERISTICS
Cam pumps are commonly rated by horse power, flow

rate, outlet pressure in feet (or meters) of head, inlet suction in suction feet (or meters) of head. The head can be simplified as the number of feet or meters the pump can raise or lower a column of water at atmospheric pressure.

THEORY
Air is a very compressible substance and the theory for

air motors is more complicated than for hydraulic motors. The volume of hydraulic fluid is considered constant in the following theory. In the other words, the volume is unaffected by the pressure. The pumping action of all rotary pumps is essentially the same. As the pumping elements are rotated they open on the inlet side creating a void. The fluid, forced by atmospheric pressure, flows in to fill this space. The turning of the rotors encloses the fluid between the rotating parts, or between these parts and the casing.

PARTS

 Trace point: A theoretical point on the follower, corresponding to the point of a fictitious knife-edge follower. It is used to generate the pitch curve. In the case of a roller follower, the trace point is at the center of the roller. Pitch curve: The path generated by the trace point at the follower is rotated about a stationary cam. Working curve: The working surface of a cam in contact with the follower. For the knife-edge follower of the plate cam, thepitch curve and the working curves coincide. In a close or grooved cam there is an inner profile and an outer working curve. Pitch circle: A circle from the cam center through the pitch point. The pitch circle radius is used to calculate a cam of minimum size for a given pressure angle. Prime circle (reference circle): The smallest circle from the cam center through the pitch curve. Base circle: The smallest circle from the cam center through the cam profile curve. Stroke or throw:The greatest distance or angle through which the follower moves or rotates. Follower displacement: The position of the follower from a specific zero or rest position (usually its the position when the follower contacts with the base circle of the cam) in relation to time or the rotary angle of the cam. Pressure angle: The angle at any point between the normal to the pitch curve and the instantaneous direction of the follower motion. This angle is important in cam design because it represents the steepness of the cam profile.

FOLLOWER

HOW IT WORKS

ADVANTAGES
A fluid motor produces torque over a wide range of fluid

pressures. Provides an efficient conversion of fluid pressure to rotational motivation. Provides a long wearing fluid motor of low cost construction. Provides a fluid motor capable of operating with particulate matter provided within a driving fluid. Provides fluid motor with a reduced number of wear points. Provides an efficient conversion of rotational motivation to fluid movement. Provides a fluid motor of economical construction.

APPLICATION
Pumps are used throughout society for a variety of

purposes. Early applications includes the use of the windmill or water mill to pump water. Today, the pump is used for irrigation, water supply, gasoline supply, air conditioning systems, refrigeration, chemical movement, sewage movement, flood control, marines services, etc.

REFERENCES
http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~rapidproto/mechanisms/chp

t6.html http://www.technologystudent.com/cams/cam2.htm pictures http://www.mechanical.thiyagaraaj.com/cam http://www3.ul.ie/~kirwanp/whatisacamandfollowers yste.htm