Poetry

What is Poetry?
from the Greek word poiesis with a broad meaning of a "making", seen also in such terms as "hemopoiesis"; more narrowly, the making of poetry an art form in which human language is used for its aesthetic qualities in addition to, or instead of, its notional and semantic content. consists largely of oral or literary works in which language is used in a manner that is felt by its user and audience to differ from ordinary prose.

Distinguishing Characteristics of Poetry

Unlike prose which has a narrator, poetry has a speaker.
A speaker, or voice, talks to the reader. The speaker is not necessarily the poet. It can also be a fictional person, an animal or even a thing
Example But believe me, son. I want to be what I used to be when I was like you. from Once Upon a Time by Gabriel Okara

 Poetry is also formatted differently from prose. A line is a word or row of words that may or may not form a complete sentence. A stanza is a group of lines forming a unit. The stanzas in a poem are separated by a space.
Example Open it. Go ahead, it wont bite. Wellmaybe a little. from The First Book by Rita Dove

Distinguishing Characteristics of Poetry

Figures of Speech
A figure of speech is a word or expression that is not meant to be read literally. A simile is a figure of speech using a word such as like or as to compare seemingly unlike things.
Example Does it stink like rotten meat? from Harlem by Langston Hughes

Figures of Speech
A metaphor also compares seemingly unlike things, but does not use like or as.
Example the moon is a white sliver from I Am Singing Now by Luci Tapahonso

Personification attributes human like characteristics to an animal, object, or idea.

Example A Spider sewed at Night from A Spider Sewed at Night by Emily Dickinson

Figures of Speech
Hyperbole a figure of speech in which great exaggeration is used for emphasis or humorous effect.
Example Youve asked me a million times!

Imagery is descriptive language that applies to the senses sight, sound, touch, taste, or smell. Some images appeal to more than one sense.

Sound Devices
Alliteration is the repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning of words. Assonance is the repetition of vowel sounds within a line of poetry. Onomatopoeia is the use of a word or phrase, such as hiss or buzz that imitates or suggests the sound of what it describes.

Rhyme
Rhyme is the repetition of the same stressed vowel sound and any succeeding sounds in two or more words. Internal rhyme occurs within a line of poetry. End rhyme occurs at the end of lines. Rhyme scheme is the pattern of end rhymes that may be designated by assigning a different letter of the alphabet to each new rhyme

Example
All mine!" Yertle cried. "Oh, the things I now rule! I'm king of a cow! And I'm king of a mule! I'm king of a house! And what's more, beyond that, I'm king of a blueberry bush and cat! I'm Yertle the Turtle! Oh, marvelous me! For I am the ruler of all that I see! from Yertle the Turtle by Dr. Seuss

Penelope by Dorothy Parker

In the pathway of the sun, In the footsteps of the breeze, Where the world and sky are one, He shall ride the silver seas, He shall cut the glittering wave. I shall sit at home, and rock; Rise, to heed a neighbors knock; Brew my tea, and snip my thread; Bleach the linen for my bed. They will call him brave.

Rhythm and Meter

Rhythm is the pattern of sound created by the arrangement of stressed and unstressed syllables in a line. Rhythm can be regular or irregular. Meter is a regular pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables which sets the overall rhythm of certain poems. Typically, stressed syllables are marked with / and unstressed syllables are marked with .
In order to measure how many syllables are per line, they are measured in feet. A foot consists of a certain number of syllables forming part of a line of verse.

Iambic Pentameter
The most common type of meter is called iambic pentameter An iamb is a foot consisting of an initial unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable. For example, return, displace, to love, my heart. A pentameter is a line of verse containing 5 metrical feet.

Significance of Iambic Pentameter

Iambic Pentameter is significant to the study of poetry because: 1. It is the closest to our everyday speech 2. In addition, it mimics the sound of heart beat; a sound common to all human beings. 3. Finally, one of the most influential writers of our times uses iambic pentameter in all that he writes William Shakespeare.

Connotation and Denotation

Connotation - the emotional and imaginative association surrounding a word. Denotation - the strict dictionary meaning of a word. Example: You may live in a house, but we live in a home.

Elements of Poetry: Tone and Mood

Mood the feeling or atmosphere that a poet creates. Mood can suggest an emotion (ex. excited) or the quality of a setting (ex. calm, somber) In a poem, mood can be established through word choice, line length, rhythm, etc. Tone a reflection of the poets attitude toward the subject of a poem. Tone can be serious, sarcastic, humorous, etc.

Types of Poetry - Epitaph

A short poem, saying or other message on a gravestone in memory of a deceased person.
For Mary Fowler, 1792, age 24, Milford, CT
Molly tho pleasant in her day Was suddenly seized and went away How soon shes ripe, how soon shes rotten Laid in her grave and soon forgotten.

Haiku
Line 1: 5 syllables A haiku is a simple poem Line 2: 7 syllables typically about Line 3: 5 syllables nature or scenery. A haiku has three lines and 17 syllables

Examples of a Haiku
Cruel autumn wind Cutting to the very bones Of my poor scarecrow Mirror-pond of stars; Suddenly a summer shower Dimples the water

Couplet Poetry
A couplet poem is a 2 line verse that rhyme. A poem can be made up of couplets throughout the whole poem.

Examples of Couplets
1. Twinkle Twinkle little star How I wonder what you are 2. The bird sang in the tree It sang tooroo, tooree

3. My Country tis of thee Sweet land of liberty

Quatrain Poems
Quatrains are four line poems that may follow any of one of the four different rhyme schemes. (ABAB, AABB, ABBA, ABCA) When quatrains begin to make up a long poem the quatrains are then called stanzas.

Example of a Quatrain
The rushing ocean waves Beat harshly on the sand. They roar and crash and foam As they break upon the land.

The Sonnet
The word sonnet means a little sound or song. A sonnet is a highly-structured 14 line poem that explores deeply felt issues such as the fleeting nature of love and the aching questions of mortality. A traditional sonnet has 14 lines, each of which is written in iambic pentameter. That is each line has 5 metric units or feet, and each foot consists of an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable.

The Sonnet
Sonnets have a set rhyme scheme based on the last words in each line. You assign a rhyme scheme by giving each line a letter, in alphabetical order, to each new sound at the end of the lines.
Lines that end in the same sound should be assigned the same letter.

Blank Verse
Blank Verse is Poetry that is written in unrhymed iambic pentameter. Example of Blank Verse: Excerpt from Macbeth by William Shakespeare Tomorrow, and tomorrow, and tomorrow, Creeps in this petty pace from day to day, To the last syllable of recorded time; And all our yesterdays have lighted fools The way to dusty death. Out, out, brief candle! Life's but a walking shadow, a poor player That struts and frets his hour upon the stage And then is heard no more: it is a tale Told by an idiot, full of sound and fury, Signifying nothing.

Bio Poem
A bio poem is used to focus on the characteristics of a person or animal.
Line 1: First Name Line 2: 4 Descriptive Traits Line 3: Sibling of Line 4: Lover of Line 5: Who fears Line 6: Who need Line 7: Who gives Line 8: Who would like to see Line 9: Resident of Line 10: Last Name

Bio Poem Example

Tom Tall, Tasty, Feathery, Vicious Sibling of Clucky Chicken and Big Bird, Lover of vegetarians and ham eaters, Fears Mr. Butterball and pilgrims, Needs to run around, Gives nourishment and left overs, Would like to see birds unite and revolt, Resident of Old MacDonalds Farm, Turkey

Cinquain Poem
A cinquain is a 5 line poem or stanza
Line 1: a word title Line 2: a 2 word phrase that describes your title, or just use 2 words Line 3: a 3 word phrase that describes an action relating to your title Line 4: A 4 word phrase that describes a feeling relating to your title. Line 5: 1 word that refers back to your title

Example of a Cinquain
Hamster Cute, Soft Fat, Noisy, Furry Small, Colorful, Playful, Hungry Hamster

Diamante or Diamond Poem

A Diamond Poem compares/ contrasts 2 opposite things/ objects A Diamond Poem is composed of 7 lines, each line specific for a certain aspect of the poem similar to a Cinquain.

Format for a Diamond Poem

Line 1: One word Noun Line 2: Two adjectives describing that noun Line 3: Three Verbs that the noun does Line 4: 4 Things- 2 for the top noun, 2 for the bottom noun Line 5: Three verbs for the bottom noun Line 6: Two adjectives that describe the bottom noun Line 7: One word noun

Example of a Diamond Poem

Cat Furry, Silky Sleeping, Purring, Meowing Tail, Fur, Tongue, Collar Barking, Playing, Licking Friendly, Big Dog

Ten Local Poets and their Works

Benigno Zamora David Mamaril Jose Corazon De Jesus Jose Rizal Julian Cruz Balmaceda Lamberto Antonio Teo Baylen Virgilio Alamario Clodualdo Del Mundo Ang Aking Tahanan Panggabing Hangin Ang Posporo Ng Diyos Mi Ultimo Adios Kung Mamili Ang Dalaga Pingkian at Apat Pang Aklat ng Tunggalian Mga Sugat ng Siglo Kung Bakit Kailangan ng Himala Ang Kanyang mga Mata

Ronaldo Tinio

Ten Foreign Poets and their Works

Rumi William Butler Yeats Li Po Emily Dickinson John Donne Wallace Stevens Walt Whitman Dante Aligheri William Shakespeare Pablo Neruda Manawye Ma'naw (Spiritual Couplets; ) When You are Old and Grey A Quiet Night Thoughr The Single Hound: Poems of a Lifetime A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning Thirteen Ways of Looking at a Blackbird Leaves of Grass The Divine Comedy Shakespeares Sonnets Full Woman, Fleshly Apple, Hot Moon

How to Write Poetry

Find a spark. A poem might start as a snippet of verse, maybe just a line or two that seems to come out of nowhere, and the remainder of the poem need only be written around it. Read and listen to poetry. Get inspired by seeking out the work of poets you admire. Explore a wide range of works, from poems that are widely regarded as classics to popular song lyrics. As you interact with more poetry, you'll find your aesthetic becoming more shaped and refined.

How to Write Poetry

Think about what you want to achieve with your poem. Perhaps you want to write a poem to express your love for your boyfriend or girlfriend; perhaps you want to commemorate a tragic event; or maybe you just want to get an "A" in your poetry class. Think about why you are writing your poem and who your intended audience is, and then proceed in your writing accordingly.

How to Write Poetry

Decide which poetry style suits your subject. There are a ton of different poetic styles. As a poet, you have a wide variety of set forms to choose from: limericks, sonnets, villanelles, sestinas, haiku ... the list goes on and on. Choose the right words. It's been said that if a novel is "words in the best order," then a poem is "the best words in the best order.

How to Write Poetry

Use concrete imagery and vivid descriptions. Most poetry appeals to the senses in some way, in order to help the reader become more fully immersed in the text. Use poetic devices to enhance your poem's beauty and meaning. Add a "turn" to the end of the poem. Save your most powerful message or insight for the end of your poem. Give the reader something to think about, something to dwell on after reading your poem.

How to Write Poetry

Listen to your poem. While many people today have been exposed to poetry only in written form, poetry was predominantly an aural art for thousands of years, and the sound of a poem is still important. Edit your poem. When the basic poem is written, set it aside for awhile and then read the poem out loud to yourself. Go through it and balance the choice of words with the rhythm. Take out unnecessary words and replace imagery that isn't working. Share your work.

Virgilio Almario
Virgilio Almario was born in San, Miguel, Bulacan. More known by his pen name Rio Alma. Also famous as a translator of poems, plays, and novels, particularly of the works of Jose Rizal. Won the Palanca Award for Poetry of 1970 for his Peregrinasyon at Iba pang mga Tula. Has a broad knowledge of world poetry particularly of the contemporary school. His themes range from nature and love to contemporary problems.

Virgilio Almario - Works

Taludtod at Talinghaga. (1991) Tatlong Pasyon sa Ating Panahon, poems for children with (A)lamat (H)istorya. (1985) illustrations by Mark Justiniani, Neil Palipad-Hangin. (1985) Doloricon, Ferdinand Doctolero. Katon Para sa Limang Pandama. (2006) (1987) Buwan, Buwang, Bulawan. (2009) Ang Hayop na Ito. (2004) Sentimental. (2004) Sari-Sari. (2004) Estremelenggoles. (2004) Memo Mulang Gimokudan. (2005) Dust Devils. (2005) Sonetos Postumos(2006)

Sa Isang Sariling Panahon (A Time of Ones Own)

Sa Isang Sariling Panahon or A Time of Ones Own is Rio Almas latest collection, consisting of poems in the traditional short Filipino verse forms of tanaga, diyona, dalit, and three talingdaw. These poems exemplify his critical proposition for a new Filipino formalism (bagong pormalismong Filipino) where he insists on the seminal importance of knowing tradition (especially for the modern Filipino poet) and a formulation of critical principles based on a Filipino point-of-view, poetics, and examples.

Sa Isang Sariling Panahon (A Time of Ones Own)

Before a Storm

Dusk-Maker
The sea is grinding Its crystal mill. In the west, The sun is kindling coals. Desideratum A time of ones own, Without dictate or doom; Yes, memory marks borders, But sparks the fever of spring.

The lizard came out And slew the spider. The moths swarmed And snuffed out the lamp.

Wallace Stevens
Wallace Stevens is an American Modernist poet. He was born in Reading, Pennsylvania, educated at Harvard and then New York Law School, and he spent most of his life working as an executive for an insurance company in Hartford, Connecticut. He won the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry for his Collected Poems in 1955. Some of his best-known poems include "Valley Candle", "Anecdote of the Jar", "Disillusionment of Ten O'Clock", "The Emperor of Ice-Cream", "The Idea of Order at Key West", "Sunday Morning", "The Snow Man", and "Thirteen Ways of Looking at a Blackbird."

Wallace Stevens - Works

The Snow Man (1921) Harmonium (1923) Ideas of Order (1936) Owl's Clover (1936) The Man with the Blue Guitar (1937) Parts of a World (1942) Transport to Summer (1947) The Auroras of Autumn (1950) Collected Poems (1954)

Wallace Stevens - Works

The Snow Man (1921) Harmonium (1923) Ideas of Order (1936) Owl's Clover (1936) The Man with the Blue Guitar (1937) Parts of a World (1942) Transport to Summer (1947) The Auroras of Autumn (1950) Collected Poems (1954)

Disillusionment of Ten o Clock

"Disillusionment of Ten O'Clock" is a poem from Wallace Stevens's first book of poetry, Harmonium. The poem's message is fairly simple; Stevens believed that poetry and literature in general had the ability to excite and inspire. He believed that the imagination was an overlooked tool, with the innate capability of distinguishing a mundane life (i.e. the lives of those who wore 'white night gowns' to bed) from an exciting and fulfilling one. Essentially, he believed that the only limit on a person's life, was a weak imagination.

Disillusionment of Ten o Clock

The houses are haunted People are not going By white night-gowns. To dream of baboons and periwinkles. None are green, Or purple with green rings, Only, here and there, an old sailor, Or green with yellow rings, Drunk and asleep in his Or yellow with blue rings. boots, None of them are strange, Catches tigers With socks of lace In red weather. And beaded ceintures.

Thank you!

Reporter: Ruth Klaribelle Villaceran BSED 4 - English