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A Computer is
A programmable machine. It can execute or run a prerecorded list of instructions which follow certain rules (a program).
Modern computers are electronic and digital. The actual machinery -- wires, transistors , and circuits -- is called hardware; the instructions and data are called software.
Hardware I/O
Input Devices collect & translate raw data into form useable by computer. e.g keyboard accepts letters and numbers and converts them to a binary code such as Unicode. Output devices produce results in useable form for user (or another device). e.g. monitor converts binary codes to characters and images, whilst modem converts digital data to analog form for transmission over telephone lines.
Hardware - memory
Memory - Purpose of memory is data storage. Two major types of memory : Primary memory - to hold data and instructions during processing
eg RAM. Relatively limited capacity and volatile
Hardware - memory
Secondary storage consists of non-volatile high-capacity devices to store programs and data not currently required by CPU. Hard and floppy disks, and tapes store data as magnetized spots. CDs and DVDs store data as pits or surface marks detectable by laser light.
Hardware- memory
Digital computers deal with data in binary form - all data is represented using just two digits - 1 or 0. Letters and other symbols are assigned unique binary codes.
Primary memory consists of a set of locations defined by sequentially numbered addresses. Each location contains a binary number that can be interpreted as data or an instruction.
1. Different from disk storage 2. used to temporarily store Data 3. in modern computers memory is 512 MB.
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