Dual Band Support and Half Rate

NOKIA 2000 hr&db.ppt/ July 2000 /

Dual Band contents

Strategies Features Implementat ion Measuremen ts New Features
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 All NW Elements Support Dual Band Now

GSM1800 BTS GSM900 BTS

Dual Band Network Architecture

NMS/2000

Integrated GSM900 / GSM1800 BTS

BSC MSC/HLR GSM900 BTS GSM1800 BTS NPS/X

Co-Sited BTS

NOKIA 2000 hr&db.ppt/ July 2000 /

Dual Band Principles

Nokia BSC can handle both GSM and DCS BTSs in one BSC GSM and DCS cells as neighbours Dual Band MS measures BCCHs from both GSM900 and DCS1800 frequency bands HO between GSM and DCS cells No common BCCH and cell identity

no need for specific support of intra-cell handover between the bands the frequency hopping between bands is not supported
BSS features are applicable also in dual band environment (handovers, power control, hopping in one band, etc.)

NOKIA 2000 hr&db.ppt/ July 2000 /

Factors Affecting Dual Band Networks

Dual DualBand BandMobile Mobile Penetration Penetration
Distance /km 2,5 2,0 900MHz 1,5 1,0 0,5 0,0 1800MHz

% %of of Traffic Trafficfrom from Indoors Indoors Efficiency Efficiencyof of Traffic Traffic Management Management Differences Differencesin inCoverage Coverage

0,4

0,5

0,6 0,7 0,8 0,9 Indoor Location Probability

Typical indoor location probability for macro sites in a dense urban environment

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Capacity Evolution
10MHz Bandwidth 900 and 1800
Erl/sqkm
1000 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100

Area
Hot Spot 4km2

Solution
DB Macro Micro cells Indoor DB Macro Micro cells

Microcellular and Indoor

1800 Macro 900 Macro

High Density 10km2 Medium Density 20km2 Low Density 200km2

DB Macro

900 Macro

'98
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'99

'00

'01

'02

Possible Dual Band NW Structures Continuous and

separate coverage Hot spot coverage

Co-located sites + micro cells Co-located sites + in-fill sites

GSM900 Macro GSM900 Micro GSM1800

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Idle mode MS management (Phase 2)

Define the priorities for cell selection/reselection between the layers. Use the C1 and C2 parameters :

RXLEV_ACCESS_MIN CELL_RESELECT_OFFSET (handle with care!) TEMPORARY_OFFSET PENALTY_TIME

Cell Specific Values

NOKIA 2000 hr&db.ppt/ July 2000 /

Dedicated Mode Multi-layer Strategies

Define the HIERARCHY between the layers for call handling. Usable Algorithms :

Umbrella HO (Handle with care "HO in from adjacent cell located far
away")

Fast Moving Mobiles Classic :

UL/DL Level or Quality alarms, PBGT Positive or Negative (Better HO control than Umbrella?), distance.

NOKIA 2000 hr&db.ppt/ July 2000 /

Effective Dual Band Traffic Management

C2 Parameter Idle Mode Intelligent Directed Retry Direct Access to Desired Layer/Band

Call Setup

Umbrella HO

Advanced Multilayer Handling Adjacent Cell Priorities & Load factors

In Call

FMMS Detect

Not Allow for DB MS to IUO Super

Mobiles are managed between the bands & layers based on RF Levels and Traffic Loads

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Traffic Management
Basic Dual Band HOs
RX_lev 900

Pushing traffic to GSM1800

1800 RX_lev Umbrella HO

time

RX_lev

Keeping Traffic In GSM1800

1800 #2 Power Budget HO 1800 #1

RX_lev

Back to GSM900 safety net

900

RX_lev HO 1800

time
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time

Handover and Power Control

Information of dual band MS in call setup and in handover MS power capability is used in target cell selection criterias according to the target cell frequency band The target cell selection in all handover cases is the same as in single band handovers In power budget HO the ms_txpwr_max and ms_txpwr_max(n) concern different frequency bands. This has been taken into account by the HO&PC algorithm BTS and MS power control are the same as in single band cases MS power optimization (call setup,intra&inter cell HOs) is the same as in single band cases

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2 Layers Strategy : PBGT / Umbrella Handover

PBGT HO
GSM 900

SAME
GSM 900

Umbrella HO/Negative PBGT

Radio Reason HO
GSM 1800

LOWER/SAME
GSM 1800

PBGT HO

SAME

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NOKIA 2000 hr&db.ppt/ July 2000 /

3 Layers Strategy PBGT (+/-), FMT

PBGT HO

GSM 900

GSM 900

UMB/ NEGATIVE FAST MOVING LOWER/ PBGT SAME MS HO

GSM 1800
FAST MOVING MS HO

RR HO / PBGT
PBGT HO

GSM 1800

Radio Reason HO

RR HO
PBGT HO

Micro GSM 900 LOWER

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Adjacent Cell Priorities and LOAD Factors

900 microcells 1800 0 to 7 7 = Highest Priority

INTRA-BSC FEATURE

900 macro

Adjacent Cell Parameters

List acc. to HoPriority radio meas. Level 900 1800 2 4

Load 60% 80%

HoLoad Factor 1 3

Load New Threshold Priority 70% 70% 2 1

If (Load > LoadThreshold) NewPriority = HoPriorityLevel - HoLoadFactor

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GSM900 IUO in Dual Band Network

Regular BSIC de-coding time Super GSM 900 Regular Super GSM 900

SAME / PBGT HO

Umbrella HO
GSM 1800 GSM 1800
SAME / PBGT HO

RR HO

DB MSs report less cells from GSM900 -> less reliable C/I estimation DB MSs can be denied to access to the super layer MBR reporting can be used on 900 layer to ensure enough
measurement results for C/I estimation
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Multi Cell Reporting

Mobile can..... Measure 32 neighbours
1800 900 1800 900 900 900 1800 1800

6
Strongest

Report 6 best measurements

900

3 3
1800 900

900 1800 1800

1 5
1800 900

Multi_Cell_Rep : Number of neighbour cells the MS will report from each band
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Parameters
Multi_Cell_Rep is the number of the neighbour cells the MS will report from the frequency band other than the frequency band of the serving cell Early_Sending_Indication is used in indicating the dual band MSs to send CM3 (classmark3) in call setup. Adjacent cell parameter BCCH_Frequency can be defined from all available bands (i.e. from GSM and DCS bands). BTS parameter DualBandAdjacencies indicates a dual band cell i.e. cell having adjacent cells from both GSM and DCS bands BA list parameter Type_of_the_BCCH_Frequency_List has a new type MULTI in addition to the existing GSM, GSM1800 and GSM1900. BA list parameter Frequency can be allocated from all existing frequency bands if the Type_of_the_BCCH_Frequency_List is defined as MULTI.

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Half Rate Support

btsLoadDepTCHRate 0 .. 100 tchRateInternalHO 1 .. 5
16 kbit/s or 8 kbits/ s 16 kbit/s BTS F/H H R FR
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DX 200

BTS F

TCSM2

16 kbit/s BSC F/H

MS C

16 kbit/s or 2*8kbit/ s

BTS F/H halfRateSupport Y/N in TRX

Half Rate Support

FR/HRMS FR USED
Abis Interface 16 kbit/s

Ater Interface

A - Interface 64 kbit/s

16 kbit/s FR MS FR BTS B S C 16 kbit/s

FR TCSM

FR/HR TCSM

FR MS

M S C

8 kbit/s FR/HR MS HR USED FR/HR BTS 16 kbit/s or 2 X 8 kbit/s

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HR TCSM