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Chapter Breakdown
Introduction on N. Ireland and Conflict 4.1 Causes of Conflict in Northern Ireland 4.2 Consequences of Conflict in Northern Ireland
Introduction
You have looked at the case study of Sri Lanka where the Tamils and Sinhalese were in conflict for decades due to the differences in ethnic groups. In the case-study of N. Ireland, you will be looking at another example of conflicts between two groups of people the Protestants and Catholics. They were in conflict for over 30 years due to the differences in religious beliefs.
Introduction
The war in Northern Ireland is another example of a civil war (war between groups of people within a country) that lasted for over 30 years. Over 3600 people died and more than 40 000 people have been injured due to this conflict.
Before 12thC : 1 country Ireland 12thC : Ireland conquered by England but no full control. 15th C: English Protestant settlers started Northern part of Ireland mainly Protestant
1800 : Ireland became part of UK Local Irish Catholics sought limited selfgovernment, did not want to be part of UK
Northern Ireland
Capital at Belfast Protestants 58.8%, Catholics 41.2% Part of the UK Britain handles foreign affairs & defence matters N.Ireland handles commerce, health & education Majority of ministers are Protestants
1. Divided Loyalties
The difference in political beliefs between the Protestants and Catholics has contributed to the conflict in N. Ireland. Most Protestants see themselves as British and wish to see the country remain as part of UK. Many of them do not want a union with the Republic of Ireland, a Catholic country. They fear that a Catholic government may not be tolerant of their Protestant beliefs.
1. Divided Loyalties
The Catholics see themselves as Irish, and want to be reunited with the Republic of Ireland. They still resent the history of English conquest where Catholics were either killed or treated harshly. This loyalty to different countries makes the Protestants and Catholics intolerant of each other.
Take out foolscap paper and copy these questions now. Answer these questions as you watch the video on Bloody Sunday.
1. Describe the protest at the start. 2. Who started the violence first? Describe what was done. 3. How did the Catholics feel? 4. How did the British Army feel?
Bloody Sunday
On 30 January 1972 Bloody Sunday 15 000 people participated in an illegal, peaceful civil rights march in the Catholic-dominated area of Londonderry. The march was organized by NICRA and was a protest against internment & the ban on the right to march. The British soldiers shot at protestors, leaving 13 civilians dead and many wounded. This day became known as Bloody Sunday, resulting in a great outburst of Catholic anger. This resulted in more violence.
More Violence
After 1972, the country saw more violence between Protestants, Catholics and British Army. Catholic homes & businesses are targeted by Protestants & British army. The Catholics turned to Irish Republican Army (IRA) for help. The IRA attacked British soldiers and bombed Protestants properties. Between 1969 and 1993, more than 3500 people were killed in the conflict in the country. The IRA was responsible for two-thirds of the deaths.
1. Social Consequence: Social Segregation 2. Economic Consequences: Declining Economy 3. Political Consequences: Political Reform
As you listen to this song about Bloody Sunday, what feelings are evoked?
Homework
__________________ was a serious consequence of the Northern Ireland conflict. -- social segregation --declining economy --political reform Follow PEER. Write all 3 paragraphs. Test next Wed