COGNOS BI PRODUCTS

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NOVEMBER 2001

COGNOS BI TOOLS

E-Business Practice

Agenda
OLAP Terminology Start/Stop Cognos Services Cognos Components Features Of Cognos Tools Architect Impromptu Transformer PowerPlay Client Administration Components Ad-hoc queries

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OLAP Terminology
OLAP (Online Analytical Processing) OLAP functionality is characterised by dynamic, multidimensional analysis of historical data. OLAP tools can run against a multidimensional database or interact directly with a relational database Database Cubes Multidimensional representation of data reflecting the dimensions and measures that are stored in the Datawarehouse Web Server A web server integrated with Windows NT Server makes it easy to publish information and bring business applications to the Web

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OLAP Terminology
Hierarchy A logical structure that uses ordered levels as a means of organising data. A hierarchy can be used to define data aggregation; for example, in a Time dimension, a hierarchy might be used to aggregate data from the Month level to the Quarter level to the Year level Level A position in a hierarchy. For example, a Time dimension has Month, Quarter, and Year levels Drill Down/Up Drill down is a feature provided by Cognos to view the data to subsequent details, depending on the hierarchy specified. Conversely, drill up would summarise the data and take a user to the higher levels in a hierarchy
COGNOS BI TOOLS
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OLAP Terminology
Cognos Query The web-based application provides facilities to query the Datawarehouse directly from within an Internet browser PowerPlay Web The front-end web interface to view the multidimensional cubes. Cognos Upfront The user interface that provides facilities to publish, search, organise and view Cognos reports and queries on the Web. Upfront is used with PowerPlay Web and Cognos Query to organise and share business information LDAP Server (Netscape Directory Server) The security information for the cubes and reports is stored in the authentication source i.e. a namespace in the LDAP (Netscape Directory Server)
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OLAP Terminology
PowerPlay Client This facilitates the user to perform more advanced OLAP analysis. Each PowerPlay report is associated with the cube, which allows the user to view the dimensions and measures Impromptu This facilitates the user to perform adhoc querying on the client. Catalog A Catalog is an Impromptu file (*.cat) that contains the information for users to access data in a meaningful and controlled way. It contains the metadata associated with the database structures and is a bridge between the source data and the user

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PowerPlay Enterprise Server

Start the Server

Run start_ppsrv.sh Check to see if server has started. ps -ef |grep ppserver

Stop the Server

Run stop_ppsrv.sh

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PowerPlay Transformation Server

Start the Server

Run netpgrc Check to see if server has started ps -ef |grep netd

Stop the Server

kill -9 <Process Number of netd process>

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COGNOS Components
Enterprise Server Dispatcher (Receives PowerPlay requests either directly from

a Windows NT client or from the gateway for a Web client)

Query / Report Processor (Handles requests and generates results for PowerPlay Web Explorer and PowerPlay for Windows NT) Transformation Server Transformer on Unix/NT (Performs the extraction and transformation of Datawarehouse data into multidimensional cubes) PowerGrid (Provides basic networking services between Cognos client-server applications)
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COGNOS Components
Upfront (Includes Data Store, Server and Gateway) Cognos Query (Includes Data Store, Server and Gateway) Enterprise Server Gateway

Typical Installation for the Power User

PowerPlay Client Impromptu User

Typical Installation for the Power/Normal User

Internet Explorer 5.0 SQLPLUS 3.0 and NET 8.0

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COGNOS Components
Administration Components
Upfront Server Administration Cognos Query Server Administration Enterprise Server Administration Access Manager Administration Access Manager Configuration Ticket Server Administration Architect Transformer (Client Component) Impromptu Administrator SQLPLUS and NET 8.0

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Features of Cognos Tools

Cognos Upfront
Publish and view information easily (Publish and view documents and files organised into multiple NewsBoxes, or subject matter categories) Access information centrally (Access all available information centrally through the Upfront Web portal) Collaborate with other users (Share your analyses and reports easily and effectively with other users) View information the way you want (Upfront can be customised to suit the needs of the users)

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Features of Cognos Tools

Cognos Query
Powerful ad hoc navigation and exploration (Web-based tool for data navigation and exploration. Explore data to obtain answers to business questions) Intuitive, easy-to-use web browser interface (Access the powerful ad hoc functionality of Cognos Query without installing or configuring anything on your desktop system) Create or modify queries to suit individual business requirements (Create a query online, Save the query, Amend the query) Complete integration to complement any Cognos BI tool (Integration allows you to move seamlessly from any report, analysis, or query)
COGNOS BI TOOLS
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NOVEMBER 2001

Features of Cognos Tools

Cognos PowerPlay Web
User Interface

(Nested crosstabs, charts, filters, calculations, sorting, slice and dice, and drill down)
Export features (Export to csv , pdf file formats)

Security
(Specifying viewing, modification and publishing rights by User Class for every NewsBox in Upfront) OLAP Reporting (Integration allows you to move seamlessly from any report, analysis, or query)
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Features of Cognos Tools

Cognos PowerPlay client
Reporting Interface

(Users can create standard and ad hoc reports quickly and easily by using the PowerPlay client)
Advanced features (Users can easily refine reports and reporting applications contents to suit their individual requirements) Multidimensional features (slice and dice, drill down/up) Two modes for analysis (Two separate modes : Explorer and Reporter)
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Features of Cognos Tools

Cognos Impromptu (For the Power User)
Query and Reporting Interface (Users can create standard and ad hoc reports quickly and easily by using the Impromptu Report Wizard) Advanced Standard Reporting (Users can easily refine reports and reporting applications contents to suit their individual requirements) Auditing Options (Track and capture usage and performance information) Reporting Options (Flexibility to add or delete columns, change the layout, apply a template)
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ARCHITECT
Architect
Architect Interface Data Access Layer Import Metadata Business Layer Table Joins Package Layer Security Publish to Upfront Publish to Impromptu Catalog

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COGNOS Architect
Architect is a metadata management tool that provides a single point of administration for business models that you can share between all your Cognos reporting and analytical products

Architect is a custom component of the Impromptu Administrator, PowerPlay Transformation Server, and Cognos Query installations

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Architect Interface
Data Access Business Package

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Data Access Layer

The data access layer contains the metadata that describes how to retrieve data from the physical environment. Tables, columns, joins, and other database objects are to be included

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Import Metadata
Select or create a logical database Insert Database Connection

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Import Metadata
Select the database items

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View the log file

Architect creates a log file and records information to it when you import metadata, build the model layers, export a package as an Impromptu Catalog, and create subjects The log file records how Architect handles each object during these operations, and it records any problems Default Location :- Root of the directory in which Architect is installed. Name :- Architect.log
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Business Layer
The business layer describes the business view of the corporate data as well as the information that your report authors and query designers require It consists of Business model (entities,attributes, and relationships), which you can view as an entity-relationship diagram Business rules (calculations, filters, and prompts) Display rules (styles)

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Business Layer
Architect generates the basic business layer from the objects in the data access layer The tables and other objects become entities, and columns become attributes Other objects in the data access layer, such as keys and joins, are used to generate the equivalent objects in the business layer You can modify the business layer to reflect your users reporting and querying requirements

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Business Layer
Choose Build Architect Model from Model menu Select build of basic business layer Deselect build of package layer Click Build the Architect Model Give business names in Business Layer by right clicking the entity to be renamed

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Table Joins
Select Show Diagram from Diagram menu

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Table Joins
Create joins between fact tables and dimensions Define cardinality for joins between measure and dimensions

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Table Joins
Joins in the data access layer define the links between tables (and other objects, such as views and synonyms) When you import metadata, Architect gathers all available information about tables and keys, and uses declared referential integrity to form table joins Architect stores this information in the data access layer and uses it to generate relationships in the business layer Note : After the joins are generated, you should inspect them, and delete any incorrect or unwanted joins.

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Package Layer
The package layer contains packages that describe subsets of the business layer Each package may be targeted for one or more Cognos tools (PowerPlay Transformer, Impromptu, and Cognos Query)

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Package Layer
A package contains all the information from the business layer that a specific user (or group of users) will need to create cubes in PowerPlay Transformer, or reports in Impromptu and Cognos Query

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Package Layer
A package can contain subjects, which are based on entities, and subject items Note : The subject folders in the Architect package are present in the Impromptu Catalog The subject folders on the Architect package are not present in the package published to Upfront for Cognos Query

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Package Layer
Insert a new package by choosing Insert Package from right mouse pop up menu in package window Specify package name Check the target application for which the Package is targeted viz.. PowerPlay Transformer, Cognos Query and Impromptu. Select entities from the list box listing all entities that were in Business layer

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Security
Set up security by choosing Set up Model security item from model menu Verify the model

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Publish to Upfront
Right click on the Package to be exported Select Publish to Upfront Uncheck Publish subjects as NewsItems

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Publish to Impromptu Catalog

Right click on the Package to be exported Select Export to Impromptu Catalog The following message will be displayed

Click on Yes to verify the model and check if there are any errors

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Publish to Impromptu Catalog

The following message will be displayed

If there are any errors in the package, they will be listed

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Publish to Impromptu Catalog

Choose the location where the Impromptu Catalog is to be saved Enter the name of the Impromptu Catalog

Note :- Default extension of the Impromptu Catalog is .cat

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IMPROMPTU
Impromptu
What is Impromptu Impromptu Catalog, Catalog folders Create reports - Impromptu Query Definition Create a new Catalog Impromptu features

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What is Impromptu

Impromptu is a reporting tool which is used to query information without programming complexities

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Impromptu Catalog
A Catalog is a file which provides a bridge between you and your data Catalog consists of Folders (groups of information) Columns (data items) Calculations (expressions computing required results) Conditions (filters to display relevant information) Prompts (pre-determined criteria)

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Open the Catalog

Open Impromptu catalog <filename>.cat Check the tables and joins from the catalog

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Catalog Folders
Catalog Folders shows contents of catalog The catalog list includes all the folders, columns, conditions and calculations available in the catalog

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Create report - Choose the template

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Create report - Impromptu Query Definition

Click OK to see the tables and columns Select columns and click Add-> arrow

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Impromptu Query Definition

Dimension Query
Select the required columns from each dimension table based on the levels in dimension map

Fact Query
Select the required measures from each fact table Select the lowest levels from each dimension on which the fact depends Add Required Filters Click OK The report is displayed on the screen

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Impromptu Query Definition

Save the report
Save the report as Impromptu Query report (.IMR file) Save the same report as Impromptu Query Definition (.IQD file)

Modify the report

Open the respective IMR file Add/Remove the required columns Save the report as .iqd

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Create a new Catalog

Open New Catalog Cognos Logon Window is displayed Enter Username and Password Give the file name and folder in which the Catalog is to be stored Select database Gateway as oracle, Click New Database Give logical database name and SQL*net connect string

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Create a new Catalog

Enter Userid and Password for the Database click OK Check the Select Tables radio button. Click OK The Table window appears. The edit tab shows list of all tables that are present in the database

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Create a new Catalog

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Create a new Catalog

Select the tables you need in the catalog and click Add. Click OK Join window is displayed. Make the joins among the Fact tables and Dimension tables

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Create a new Catalog

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Impromptu Features
Add, remove or move columns Sort in ascending or descending order Group data (to eliminate data redundancy) Filter data Summarise data (totals, averages) Formatting techniques Print, save and open reports

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TRANSFORMER
PowerPlay Transformer Model
What is Transformer, its components and installation Start / Stop server Setting preferences Transformer interface Data sources and properties Dimension Map Measures Power Cubes Saving models rsserver executable

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What is Transformer

Transformer is the COGNOS tool that is used to create structured models from various data sources that you then distribute as multidimensional PowerCubes

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Components
Client component and Server Component Each server model can be derived from a local model you create using Transformer on Windows Each local model is associated with one server version of the same model The two versions of Transformer (Transformer on Windows and Transformer on UNIX) ensure that these models remain synchronised with one another.

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Components
Powergrid Transformer on Windows communicates with Transformer on UNIX via PowerGrid, a utility that is included with PowerPlay Transformation Server (UNIX edition) The PowerGrid network daemon (netd) must be installed, configured, and running on the computer where Transformer on UNIX listens for requests from Transformer on Windows All communications from Transformer on Windows to PowerGrid must be made using a Windows Sockets compliant TCP/IP connection
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Setting preferences
Launch Transformer
Click on PowerPlay Transformer from Programs menu

Preferences
Select Preferences from File menu and select directories tab

Properties
Set the following properties Models : Location of models Data Source : Location of IQD files

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Transformer interface
Dimension Map Data Sources List Measures List Power Cubes Dimensions Pane and Category Viewer

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Transformer interface

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Data Sources
Insert a Data Source

Right-click anywhere in the Data Sources list and choose Insert Data Source Use the Data Source Wizard to specify name and location of an IQD file Insert Data Sources for Dimensions Facts Current Day

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Data Source Properties

Dimension Facts

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Data Source Properties

All Data Sources Data Source Location : Server Local Data File: name of IQD file without path

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Dimension Map
Building Hierarchies Right click in dimensions area and insert a dimension Specify dimension name and dimension type (time or regular) Drag level column from Data Sources List and create a level Create hierarchy adding multiple levels Create drill downs Check automatically set current period for the Time dimension

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Dimensions Pane and Category Viewer

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Dimensions Pane and Category Viewer

Choose Show Diagram from Diagram menu Right Click on Time and Choose Add New View Specify view name You can delete levels and summarise categories in view Click on Time dimension and drag the same A special category window appears. Specify Category Label as Current Period Choose Current Settlement Date for Current Time

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Measures
Drag measures from Data Sources List window into measures window Right click in measures window choose Insert Measure. In the type tab of properties add a calculation Set Output Scale to zero

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Power Cubes
Right click in Power Cubes window and choose Insert Power Cube Specify Power Cube properties
* * * * * * * Power Cube Name : required name Processed : On Server Cube Creation : Enabled Incremental Update: Check for year cubes Cube Group : Split cubes by Calendar Year for year cubes Measures : Include / Exclude (Design Document) Dimensions : All Categories/ Dimension/View

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Saving Models
Set Properties Choose Model Properties from File Menu Specify model name in Name box Specify Solaris connection in Connection box Specify Unix model directory in Model Path box Choose maintenance item from server menu Click on Restore Server Model on Client to save models on Solaris

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Transformer Executable
Rsserver

The rsserver program can be run from the command line to build, edit or update server models, and create PowerCubes Options
-c Generate Categories and Create Cubes -k Signon -p Model file

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Agenda
PowerPlay Client
What is PowerPlay PowerPlay client interface Modes Drill down / up, Slice and dice Switch Measures, Switch to graphical view Filter data Nest dimensions Some other features

Enterprise Server Administration

Solaris (ppadmtool) NT

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What is PowerPlay
PowerPlay is a BI tool which is used for Multi Dimensional data analysis

PowerPlay is a tool that enables you to examine information, from many different aspects, in order to understand your business

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PowerPlay client interface

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PowerPlay client interface - Reports

PowerPlay for windows presents data in multidimensional format PowerPlay for windows is used to explore the data from different perspectives. Open <file>.mdc file Save it as <file>.ppr (PowerPlay Report)

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PowerPlay client interface - Dimension Line

The report has a Dimension line, which consists of the various dimensions displayed The values for any dimension can be changed by selecting it from the Dimension Line

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Modes
Explorer Mode Use Explorer when you want to ask questions of the data Use Explorer to examine the data and and focus in on what is happening within the business

Reporter Mode Use Reporter when you want to report your findings It enables you to collate all the required data into one file, and manipulate it if required

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How to Drill down/up

Drill down Select the required level on either row edge or column edge and double click on it Drill Up Double click on a level to drill up

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How to Slice and dice

Slicing & Dicing -> change the information in a report in the way you want Drag the dimension and drop it on either row edge or column e.g:- To display the location dimension in the PowerPlay report,drag the location dimension and drop on row edge

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Switch Measures
Change the Measure by pausing your pointer at the end of dimension line Pause your pointer on down arrow Click on required measure

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Switch Measures

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Switch to graphical view

To switch to a graphical display click the toolbar icons on top of the PowerPlay report There is an icon for different types of graphical displays

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Switch to graphical view

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Filter Data
To filter report information, pause the pointer on the required dimension folder From the flyout menu click the required value The data will then be displayed for the value of the dimension that has been selected

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Filter Data

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Nest Dimensions
Add Nested Categories Drag the dimensional folder to the bottom of the row or column area and drop it You can swap the row and column dimensions You can swap two dimensions on the same edge

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Some other features

Rank the data (focus on leading or trailing results) Use calculated columns and rows Reporting with layers (adds extra depth to your report) Exception Highlighting (enables you to identify the focal points of your data) Formatting (change the layout of your report) Save as xls file Save as pdf file

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Some other features - Save As

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PowerPlay Web Toolbar Icons

Different Views available in PowerPlay Web

Crosstab Pie Simple Bar Clustered Bar Stacked Bar Multiline 3D Bar
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PowerPlay Web Toolbar Icons

Some other features

Swap Zero Suppression Export CSV Export PDF Help Save As Return to Source
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Enterprise Server Administration - Solaris

ppadmtool Execute PowerPlay Enterprise Server commands from UNIX command shell Connect to PPES

Add cube Enable cube Disable cube

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Enterprise Server Administration - NT

Control the PowerPlay Enterprise Server settings Installed on Administrators PC
To Run : Click on Server Administration - PowerPlay Enterprise in the Programs->Cognos BI directory Type in the IP address or the name of the Enterprise server. Enter the User ID and password when prompted

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Enterprise Server Administration - NT

PowerPlay Enterprise Server Administration screen

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Enterprise Server Administration - NT

Change the settings
Click on the server name From menu click Edit--> Properties to change the settings of the server

General Menu
Specify the URL of the gateway component. For e.g. http://wndci002/cognos/cgi- bin/ppdscgi.exe Specify the server mirror references if any

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Enterprise Server Administration - NT

Settings Menu
Specify whether the Server needs to be secured Change the settings, if required, for PowerPlay Web Explorer to optimise the performance of the Enterprise Server Specify the location of PowerPlay web on Intranet Visualisation Server

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Enterprise Server Administration - NT

Folder Settings Menu
Specify the Upfront server and Port number Specify the Upfront gateway for e.g. http://wndci002/cognos/cgi-bin/upfcgi.exe

Cube Settings Menu

Specify the title of the cube Specify the Access Control i.e. whether for Web, Windows or both Specify various Process Control settings for optimising Cube Access Speed and Performance Specify the display properties like screen resolution, toolbar icons, chart colours, etc
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Enterprise Server Administration - NT

Cube Settings Menu (contd..)
Specify the Drill through for different applications like Cognos Query, Impromptu Web Reports, etc

Report Settings Menu

Specify various Process Control settings for optimising Cube Access Speed and Performance Specify the Display Properties like Screen Resolution, etc Specify the Drill through for different applications like Cognos Query, Impromptu Web Reports, etc

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Access Manager Administration

Used to :- Set up and maintain in one central location secure
user access to data - Set up and maintain user SignOn information and auto-access privileges to the data sources and servers containing the required data.

Store authentication data in one of the following sources:

- a namespace on an LDAP directory server - a local authentication export file (.lae)
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Access Manager Administration

Netscape Directory Server stores all the information related to users and data sources created through Access Manager Administration Connect to the Netscape Directory Server through Access Manager Administration

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Access Manager Administration

The namespace object is used to create a space on a directory server to maintain signon information for users, user classes, application servers, and data sources An object called default namespace is created on Server. Create a new namespace if required

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Access Manager Administration

Add User Classes Set access days and times. Set access permissions for showing, creating or deleting Users, User Classes, Data Sources, PowerPlay Servers and Transformer Servers. Add User Add a basic signon. Create a User ID and Password. Give access to relevant data source and signon. Make user the member of relevant user classes. Set regional settings for the user.
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Access Manager Administration

Add Data Sources and Signons. Add a database with relevant SQL*Net connection string. Add the database signon and assign it to the users.

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Access Manager Configuration

Use Access Manager Configuration to set the runtime environment for Access Manager and various Cognos Client Applications like Architect, Impromptu Administrator etc. With Access Manager Configuration, identify the authentication data source connect to a directory server namespace change the default authentication source.

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Ticket Server Administration

Utility to specify the settings of the Cognos Ticket Server in Windows NT. By issuing tickets for a specified period of time, the ticket server controls how long users can remain logged on without being prompting for reauthentication.
To Run :- Click on Ticket Server Administration in the Programs->Cognos BI directory

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Upfront Server Administration

Monitor Upfront servers and processes Configure Upfront servers Back up and restore the Upfront data store Set administrator access privileges to Upfront Server Administration and the NewsIndex

To Run :- Click on Upfront Server Administration in the Programs->Cognos BI directory

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Cognos Query Server Administration

Administer Query Servers Administer the Server Manager - Start and Stop Query Servers
- Change Server Settings - Monitor Server Manager Response

Administer the Query Dispatcher

- Change Dispatcher Settings - Monitor Dispatcher Response

Sample URL to access, eg:-http://<server name>/cognos/cq/cqadmin.html

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Upfront Gateway Manager

Manages global updates to Item gateway information.
- Enter the existing gateway you want to update and the new gateway that you want to update it with. - All Items that use the existing gateway will use the new gateway after the update operation is completed. URL to access :- Click on Item Master Directory -> Administration -> Item gateway manager

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E-Business Practice

Ad-hoc Query - Client

Impromptu (Client) Impromptu Catalog is used for Ad-hoc querying on the Datawarehouse. The following folders are available in the Catalog Dimensions Facts Generating an Ad-hoc Query in Impromptu involves the following Select the Catalog Folder on which you want to create Ad-hoc query Execute the query on Datawarehouse after selecting relevant columns from the Catalog sub folders Save the query in the location that you want as an Impromptu file

NOVEMBER 2001

COGNOS BI TOOLS

E-Business Practice

Cognos Query
Generating an Ad-hoc Query in Cognos Query involves the following steps Select Select the Cognos Query package on which you want to create Ad-hoc query Execute Execute the query on Datawarehouse after selecting relevant columns from tables Save Save the query in the location that you want

NOVEMBER 2001

COGNOS BI TOOLS

E-Business Practice

Thank You

NOVEMBER 2001

COGNOS BI TOOLS

E-Business Practice