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INTRODUCTION
Renewable energy resources are natural resources that replenish themselves within time limits that permit sustained use, in contrast to nonrenewable resources. They can be used over and over again. Non-renewable energy sources are fast depleting and polluting and hence we need to go for renewable sources of energy like Solar, Wind, Hydro, Biomass etc.
WIND ENERGY
Wind is the worlds fastest growing energy source today Wind energy is ample, free, widely available, clean, renewable, produces no waste or greenhouse gases, needs no fuel, good method of supplying energy to remote areas. Conversion of Wind Power to Electricity through Rotors and Wind Turbine.
Geothermal Energy
Electricity is generated by the harnessing of heat from the interior of the earth when it comes to (or close to) the earths surface. The regions with highest underground temperatures are in areas with active or geologically young volcanoes.Chief energy resources are hot dry rock, magma (molten rock), hydrothermal (water/steam from geysers and fissures) and geo-pressure (methane-saturated water under tremendous pressure at great depths). LIMITATIONS : Difficult to drill two or three kilometers down into the earth.
Solar Energy
In 1905 Albert Einstein explained how atoms take in electromagnetic radiation (such as light) and then give off electrons. This process is called the photoelectric effect. The solar cells are made of a type of material known as a semiconductor. A typical simple cell has two layers of silicon. One is known as n-type. The other is p-type. The layers are different from each other. The lights energy knocks some electrons out of the atoms. The electrons flow between the two layers. The flow makes an electric current. The current can leave the cell through the metal contacts and be used.
Notable developments are multiple junction solar cells (tandems), solar cells using optical frequency shifting (such as up/down conversion or thermophotonics), multiple exciton generation (MEG) from a single photon, multiple energy level solar cells (such as intermediate band solar cells), and hot carrier solar cells.
EFFORTS TO REDUCE COST ARE ALSO PROCEEDING.
This is our first small baby step into this exiting field of Renewable Energy. We realise the great potential it holds for all of us. .There are miles to go for us. ..But we are determined.