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MELANOGENESIS
DR IMTIAZ BASHA
MD DVL
NORMAL SKIN COLOUR
Major determinant of skin colour is MELANIN
Racial&Ethnic differences in skin colour are
related to number ,size, shape,
distribution,packaging and degradation of
melanin-laden organelles called Melanosomes
Dark skinned
people have
numerous,large,heavily melanised,distributed
as solitary unit,slowly degrading melanosomes
in keratinocytes ,&have larger ,highly dendritic
melanocytes &vice versa.
Melanosomes are produced by melanocytes
TYPES OF MELANIN
PIGMENTATION
Constitutive:Genetically
determined melanin
pigmentation in the
absence of sun exposure
and other influences
Facultative(inducible):
Pigmentation result
from sun exposure
Other:Hormonal effect
REGIONAL VARIATION OF
SKIN COLOUR
Due to variation in melanocyte
population in different regions of
human body variable pigmentation
is seen .
Total epidermal melanocyte
population:2×10 9
Face & genital area has greater
density of melanocytes than in trunk
(range 2900±249 in face to
1100±215 in upper arm)
Reduction in number &
activity of melanocytes
occurs with ageing i.e
6-8%per decade,more of
follicular melanocytes &
spared eidermal melanocytes from sun
exposure are declined leading to
graying of hair & lightening of skin
colour
EMBRYOLOGY OF MELANOCYTE
UVRAYS----DAG RELEASE-PKC-ß-PHOSPHORYLATE
TYROSINASE