PowerPoint to accompany

Technology of Machine Tools

6th Edition

Krar Gill Smid

The Coordinate Measuring System

Unit 16

Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

16-2

Objectives
The purpose of and how to apply the coordinate measuring system The main components and operation of the measuring unit The advantages of the coordinate measuring system

16-3

Coordinate Measuring System

Measurements dimensioned from three rectangular coordinates
X, Y, and Z High degree of accuracy
To .000050 in. or 0.001 mm Achieved using moir fringe

Lathe equipped with coordinate measuring system

Machines widely used in field of measurement and inspection

Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

16-4

Parts of the Measuring Unit

Three basic components
Machined spar with calibrated grating Reading head Counter with digital readout display

Grating spar etched to .0001 in. resolution

Can have resolution of .000050 in.

Transparent index grating mounted in reading head

Same resolution as Grating spar

16-5

Principle of the Moir Fringe

Example: Two pieces of plastic sheeting, each with a series of equally spaced lines
Place one sheet over other at angle Lines cross, give dark bands As move top sheet to right, position of bands shift down (bands move vertically)
Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

16-6

Line Filament Principal Focus of Lens

Principle of the Coordinate Measuring Unit

Photocell Strips Reading head moved Beam strikes fringe longitudinally, band pattern and reflected moves vertically back to one of four and picked up by next cell photoelectric cells

Collimating Lens

Signals from cells Light from lamp passes transmitted to digital throughdisplay lens converted readout box into parallel lightcell beam Signal from next + or - .001 in.
Index Grating Scale Grating

Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

16-7

Operation of the Measuring Unit

Light Intensity on Photocells 3 and 4

Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

16-8

Advantages of the Coordinate Measuring System

Readout boxes provide clear, visible numbers Provides constant readout of tool position Reading indicates exact position of tool and not affected by machine or lead screw wear System eliminates need for gage blocks and measuring rods on jig borers and vertical milling machines

16-9

Advantages of the Coordinate Measuring System

Eliminates need for operator calculations and inherent possibility of errors Machine setup time is greatly reduced Production increased since workpiece must be checked for one size only Reduces need for operator skill Eliminates scrap and rework Most machine tools can be fitted with system

16-10

Coordinate Measuring Machines

Developed to speed up process of measuring parts produced on NC machine tools Can measure almost any shape with extreme accuracy and without use of special gages Computer controlled Installed on production lines
Automate inspection Minimize operator error Provide uniform part quality