ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA OF CEMENT, CONCRETE AND STEEL AND ITS PHYSICAL TEST

By:Gondalia Parth
Guided By:Prof. U. V. Dave
Civil Engineering Dept. Institute of Technology Nirma University

Content
Acceptance Criteria Concrete Steel

Physical Test Cement Fineness Test Consistency Test Initial and final setting time Test Soundness Test Concrete Workability Steel Tension Test Shear Test Torsion Test Compression Test

Acceptance Criteria
IS 456:2000

IS 456:2000

Mechanical Properties of steel

IS 432(Part-I):1982

IS 800:2007

IS 800:2007

IS 800:2007

Chemical Properties of steel

IS 8500:1991

IS 1786:2008

Tests on Cement
FINENESS TEST
IS: 4031 (Part 1) 1996 The fineness of cement is measured by sieving it through a standard sieve. The proportion of cement, the grain sizes of which, is larger than the specified mesh size is thus determined. PROCEDURE Take 10gm sample of cement Calculate the % retain in the 90m IS sieve

CONSISTENCY TEST
To determine the quantity of water required to produce a cement paste of standard consistency as per IS: 4031 (Part 4) - 1988.

APPARATUS Vicat apparatus conforming to IS: 5513 1976 Balance, Gauging trowel.
PROCEDURE Take 400gm cement sample mix it with weighed quantity of water. Fill the Vicat mould with paste and level it with a trowel. Set the plunger till it touches the cement surface. Release the plunger allowing it to sink into the paste and note the reading on the gauge(5 to 7mm from bottom).

INITIAL AND FINAL SETTING TIME

IS: 4031 (Part 5) 1988 APPARATUS Vicat apparatus conforming to IS: 5513 1976 Balance, Gauging trowel. PROCEDURE Prepare a cement paste by gauging the cement with 0.85 times the water required to give a paste of standard consistency. A) INITIAL SETTING TIME Place the test block under the rod bearing the needle. The time period elapsing between the time, water is added to the cement and the time, the needle fails to pierce the test block by 5.0 0.5mm measured from the bottom of the mould, is the initial setting time(30min). B) FINAL SETTING TIME Replace the above needle by the one with an annular attachment. The period elapsing between the time, water is added to the cement and the time, the needle makes an impression on the surface of the test block, while the attachment fails to do so, is the final setting time(10hr).

Soundness Test
Le-Chatelier method as per IS: 4031 (Part 3) - 1988.

APPARATUS Le-Chatelier test conform to IS: 5514 1969 Balance, water bath.

PROCEDURE Place the mould on a glass sheet and fill it with the cement paste formed by gauging cement with 0.78 times the water required to give a paste of standard consistency and cover the mould with another glass sheet. Keep whole assembly in water at a temperature 27 2 C for 24hr. Measure the distance between the indicator points (say d1 ). Submerge the mould again in boling water for 3hr. Measure the distance between the indicator points (say d2 ). (d2 dl) represents the expansion of cement.

Tests on Concrete
Slump Test
As per IS: 1199 - 1959. APPARATUS Slump cone, Tamping rod(16mm dia, 0.6m length). PROCEDURE Clean the internal surface of mould. Placed mould on a smooth, horizontal, rigid and non-absorbent surface. Filled the mould in four layer with tampering 25 times by the rounded end. After the top layer is rodded, the concrete is struck off the level with a trowel. Then immediately mould has been removed and the height difference has been measured which gives slump value.

Compacting factor
As per IS: 1199 - 1959. APPARATUS Compacting factor apparatus. PROCEDURE The sample of concrete is placed in the upper hopper upto the brim. The trap-door is opened so that the concrete falls into the lower hopper. The trap-door of the lower hopper is opened and the concrete is allowed to fall into the cylinder. The excess concrete remaining above the top level of the cylinder is then cut off with the help of plane blades. The concrete in the cylinder is weighed. This is known as weight of partially compacted concrete. The cylinder is filled with a fresh sample of concrete and vibrated to obtain full compaction. The concrete in the cylinder is weighed again. This weight is known as the weight of fully compacted concrete.

Tests on Steel
As per IS: 1608 - 1995. APPARATUS UTM, Varnier caliper. PROCEDURE Measure a cross sectional dimension of the given specimen(IS 1608:2005). Fix the specimen in machine between the fixed cross head and the upper crosshead. Apply load gradually and note the ultimate load or breaking load. Measure the distance between gauge point and the reduced diameter at section of failure.

Tension Test

Universal Testing Machine

Shear Test
As per IS: 5242 - 1979. APPARATUS UTM, Varnier caliper. PROCEDURE Determine mean diameter of the specimen. Place the specimen in the assembly for single/double shear. Apply the load gradually till the specimen fails in single/double shear and note the corresponding load from the dial gauge.

Single Shear

Double Shear

Torsion Test
As per IS: 1717 - 1971. APPARATUS Torsion testing machine, Varnier caliper. PROCEDURE Measure a cross sectional dimension of the given specimen. Insert the specimen between the chucks of the machine and fix it firmly with jaws. Apply the torque by rotating the turning chuck. Take the reading of torque and corresponding twist angle reading till the specimen fails.

Torsion testing machine

Compression Test
As per IS: 1708 - 1986. APPARATUS UTM, Varnier caliper. PROCEDURE Measure a cross sectional dimension of the given specimen. Fix the specimen in machine between the lower cross head and the upper crosshead. Apply compressive load gradually and test it up to its fracture.

Ductile Material

Brittal Material

Reference
Concrete technology, by M S Shetty Steel Structure, by N. Subhramanian Handbook of Material Testing, Indian railways institute of civil engineering, Pune. Code:-IS 456:2000, IS 8500:1991, IS 432:1982, IS 1608:2005, IS 1786:2008, IS 800:2007

Thank You