Marine Fire Responder Part 1 Safety Ed1.0 092010

Marine Fire Responder
Part 1 Safety
Introduction
Objectives
Participants should be able to:
Use a simple 5 step risk assessment process to:
identify potential health and safety risks using a simple (5 step) dynamic risk assessment model take steps to eliminate or control risks associated with their actions
Respond to Marine Structure Fire PPT 2
Session 1 Safe Person Approach
Session Outline
Session Objectives:
Explain the importance of safety on the fire ground Conduct a dynamic risk assessment on the fire ground Implement the risk assessment matrix on the fire ground
Topics covered in this session:

Importance of firefighter safety Safe Person Approach Dynamic Risk Assessment (DRA) Risk Assessment Matrix
Importance of Firefighter Safety

The importance of firefighter safety: It is the highest priority
CFA working environment is constantly changing and can be inherently hazardous To maintain effectiveness, crews need to be as safe as reasonably practical Injury or illness will reduce crew effectiveness and can place the entire crew in danger
Safe Person Approach
Safety is empowered to every individual; it cannot be delegated.
To play video left mouse click on black area above

Organisational Responsibilities
Personal Responsibilities
Shared responsibility for safety

Selection of personnel Provision of risk information
Provision of protective clothing or equipment

Provision of equipment and instruction on its use
Safe procedures and systems of work

Provision of effective instruction and clear direction Training to achieve competence Competent supervision Performance measurement
Competent for the task assigned Effective member of the team Self discipline to work within accepted guidelines Adapt to changing circumstances Look out for your safety and your teams safety Recognise your own abilities and limitations
SAFE PERSON APPROACH

5 Steps of Dynamic Risk Assessment
1
HAZARDS
2
PLAN
3
RISKS
4
SAFETY
5
MONITORING
What is going on and what are the hazards?
What do I plan to do?
What are the What can I do risks of what I to make it plan to do? safer?
What do I need to monitor?
Risk Assessment Matrix

CONSEQUENCE LIKELIHOOD
Certain Very Likely Unlikely Rare E = Extreme risk H = High risk M = Medium risk L = Low risk Catastrophic Major Moderate Insignificant
E E H
E H H
H H M
M M L
Do not proceed. Alternate actions required. Proceed, monitor closely, consider alternate actions. Normal actions should suffice. Be aware of changes in situation that impact likelihood/consequences. Respond to Marine
Structure Fire PPT 12
Session 2 Protective Clothing and Equipment
Session Outline
Session Objectives:
Select protective clothing and equipment appropriate to the incident scene Conduct appropriate checks on protective clothing and equipment prior to use Don protective clothing using appropriate procedures

Types of protective clothing and equipment Provision, specification and use of protective clothing and equipment Donning Wildfire PPC and PPE
Wildfire PPC and PPE
Chemical Protection Gear
PFDs
Session 3 General Incident Scene Hazards
Session Outline
Session Objectives:
Identify general incident scene hazards, including smoke, dust, sunburn, dehydration, heat illness, lifting injuries, working on or around vehicles, electricity, traffic, darkness, noise and slippery surfaces Implement control measures to eliminate/minimise general incident scene hazards
Session Outline
Smoke, dust and airborne pollutants (Asbestos) Fatigue Heat related illnesses Lifting related injuries Working on and around vehicles Electricity Traffic Noise Slippery surfaces Working in darkness
General Hazards
Smoke and dust:
Can irritate the eyes and lungs Inhalation can reduce performance, increase fatigue, lead to illness and affect judgement Smoke contains carbon monoxide, which is poisonous and inhalation can result in serious injury or death Can reduce visibility
Avoid unnecessary exposure and wear appropriate eye and respiratory protection.
General Hazards
Fatigue:
Conditions at the fire ground can be physically stressful
Fatigue can affect performance and lead to mistakes

Symptoms include slow reactions, impaired judgement, inability to make decisions/concentrate and erratic performance
Treat by taking regular breaks in the shade/away from wind and rain, pacing work, drinking water and eating energy foods, and avoid working in excessive Respond to Marine smoke and heat Structure Fire
PPT 22
General Hazards
Sunburn:
Can reduce effectiveness at an incident
Limit the amount of exposed skin with appropriate PPC. Regularly apply water resistant sunscreen with a SPF factor of at least 30+. Apply cool, moist compresses to the affected areas. Rest in a cool place and drink cool water and an electrolyte replacement pack.
General Hazards
Dehydration:
Occurs if fluids lost through perspiration are not replaced
Thirst is not a true indication of how much water the body needs. Levels of perspiration are a better indication
Plain cool water alternated with an electrolyte drink is best. Drink at least 150 to 200ml of water every 10 15 minutes. (for continuous physical work on the fireline).
General Hazards
Heat Related Illness

General Hazards
Heat Related Illness:
When the bodys ability to cool itself is overwhelmed
Sufferers may not be aware of the problem

Crew members need to look after each other Report occurrences to the Crew Leader
General Hazards
Heat Related Illness:
Heat cramps
Muscular pain
Heat stress
Body is stressed but not overwhelmed
Heat exhaustion
Body exhausted from working in heat
Heat stroke
Body starts to cook internally
Spasms and tightness in the affected area, inability to relax contracted muscles
Rest, drink water, eat energy foods, loosen clothing, stretch, massage
Feeling very hot, flushed skin, vigorous perspiration, headaches

Rest, drink water, eat energy foods, loosen clothing
Faintness, clammy skin, High body temperature, red skin, collapse, headaches, vomiting, unconsciousness, rapid confusion, shallow pulse and breathing, breathing and and seizures unconsciousness
Lie in shade, drink water, sponge or spray with water, seek medical attention. If unconscious lie in the recovery position Treatment/medical attention must be immediate, effective cooling is essential, remove clothing, sponge with water, fan or expose to wind
General Hazards
Lifting related injuries: Before moving an object, consider its size, weight and temperature.
Space feet apart Bend at the knees Keep back straight Take a firm grip Consider lifting objects in pairs/groups
General Hazards
Working on or around vehicles: Know the dimensions of the vehicle
Wear seatbelt if vehicle in motion
Ensure equipment is appropriately stowed
Do not ride on the back of the vehicle unless it is designed for that purpose or unless seated in ROPS Mount and dismount using the steps and rails Be alert to possible movement of nearby vehicles
General Hazards
Electricity:
Power lines and electrical appliances must always be considered live until an electrical expert informs otherwise.
Do not approach within 8m of a downed live line.

General Hazards
Traffic:
Traffic movement around the incident scene can present a significant hazard Park appliance in a defensive position to protect the crew. Cordon the area with traffic cones. If police are at the scene they will be responsible for traffic control.
General Hazards
Noise:
Wear appropriate hearing protection and use hand signals Move away from the noise source if possible
Slippery Surfaces:
Wear appropriate footwear and investigate alternative routes Use ladders as temporary steps
Working in Darkness:
Carry torches and wear high visibility clothing
General Hazards
Marine Hazards: Unstable workplace Trip and entanglement hazards Crush issues between vessel and other fixed objects Galley hazards LPG Non-vented spaces (low air quality) Line handling Sea sickness
Session 4 Wildfire Hazards
Session Outline
Session Objectives:
Identify wildfire hazards, including radiant heat, changes in wind direction and typography, heavy machinery, chainsaws, mineshafts, falling debris, aircraft and foam Implement control measures to eliminate/minimise the wildfire hazards
Session Outline
Radiant heat Changes in wind direction and typography
Heavy machinery
Chainsaws Mineshafts
Falling trees
Working near aircraft Foam
Radiant Heat

Radiant Heat
Radiant Heat:
Direct heat felt from the fire As flame height increases so does the amount of radiant heat PPC provides only a degree of protection
Most effective protection is distance Take refuge behind solid objects, keep low and cover all exposed skin
Radiant Heat
Maintain a safe distance
Taking Refuge
Taking refuge from wildfire: when on foot in a structure in a vehicle under a bulldozer 1: Taking refuge from wildfire
2: Taking refuge in a vehicle

Taking Refuge
Vehicle Crew Protection:
Crew protection
Cabin ROPS Fog nozzle
The crews first priority is to avoid being placed in life threatening situation
Taking Refuge
Taking Refuge in a Vehicle Cabin: Leave motor running Ensure all exposed skin is covered Wind up all windows Close all vents Turn fan and air-conditioner on to recycle to pressurise vehicle interior Turn headlights on Get low: below window level Cover up with a dry woollen blanket
Wildfire Hazards
Wind and Topography Changes:
(a)
Fire being blown by a northerly wind South westerly westerly South wind change change wind Danger as the is the eastern flank becomes becomingthe the head
(b) (b)
(c)
Dead Man Zone (Clip 1)

Flames: Flames travel faster uphill
They pre-heat the fuel in their path Use the lee-side (downhill) for cover
Dont be there!
Dead Man Zone

Wind:
Wind change in combination with a fire travelling upslope is a deadly combination
Critical that escape routes are clearly identified and used at first signs of danger.
Wildfire Hazards
Working with heavy machinery: Drivers may have restricted vision and hearing. Falling trees and limbs.
Do not approach until contact with the driver is established and approval gained. Machinery can create intense amounts of dust and noise.
Wildfire Hazards
Working with chainsaws: Sharp blades Kickback
Should only be operated by those appropriately trained
When operating always wear PPC, including helmet, face shield, hearing protection, gloves, chaps, high visibility clothing and safety boots
Do not approach a chainsaw operator until you have established contact and gained approval
Wildfire Hazards
Mineshafts:
Many areas are dotted with disused mine shafts Often concealed by overgrowth
Wildfire Hazards
Falling debris:
Debris can be released by strong winds, machinery or fire damage
Always wear PPC, including a helmet Listen and react quickly Look for dead trees or trees with burning limbs
Wildfire Hazards
Working near aircraft:
Remain well clear during landing and take off Wear eye and ear protection
Do not smoke within 30 metres of any aircraft or refuelling areas
Wildfire Hazards
Approaching a helicopter:
Stay in the pilots field of view Approach in a crouch, after approval given by the pilot Approach on the lowest slope Remove headgear unless chin strapped Carry equipment horizontally, firmly and below the waist
Be aware of ground irregularities.

Wildfire Hazards
Fire bombing zones:
Chemical retardants Falling branches and debris
Ensure you are clear of fire bombing drop zones Maintain awareness of aircraft operating in the area If caught in a drop zone, secure hard hat, move away from the fire line, watch for falling branches and debris If hit with retardant, wash it off with cold water as soon as possible
1:Fire Taking refuge bombing from wildfire zones
Wildfire Hazards
Foam: Concentrates and retardants can remove skin oils and cause rashes and should be handled with care
Never drink water from containers that have been used to store or move concentrates Do not work with foam in poorly ventilated areas When handling, wear gloves, a respirator and eye protection Ensure container lids are tightly secures and drums are stored safely Dispose of old drums responsibly
Summary
Key points: Wind changes can turn a relatively safe flank fire into a deadly head fire in a matter of seconds
In these situations flames up to 40 m high are moving at maximum speed and cannot be outrun (Dead Man zone) Fire accelerates rapidly when moving uphill
You need to ensure you and your crew dont end up anywhere near the Dead Man Zone
Questions?
Session 5 Alternative Incident Scene Hazards
Session Outline
Session Objectives: Identify hazards at the alternative incident scenes attended by the CFA Implement control measures to eliminate/minimise the hazards Topics covered in this session: Structure fire hazards Hazmat incident hazards Other incidents
Structure Fire Hazards

Structure collapse:
Walls often fall outwards due to the expansion of the heated inner walls

Signs include cracks, movement of floor/roof, concave floors, walls out of alignment, steel distorting, and noise Avoid blows to the structure and direct water with care If collapse is suspected, advise others in the area, the area should be evacuated and cordoned off
Structure Fire Hazards
Risk Assessment Matrix

Structural collapse struck by falling rubble
Certain
Very Likely Unlikely Rare
Catastrophic Major Moderate Insignificant
E E H H
E H H M
H H M M
M M L L
Traffic Struck by passing vehicle

Certain Very Likely Unlikely Rare
Catastrophic Major Moderate Insignificant
E E H H
E H H M
H H M M
M M L L
Hazmat Incident Hazards

Hazards include: Thermal Toxic Corrosive
Asphyxiant
Mechanical Radiological Biological
Symptoms include rashes, weeping eyes, blurred vision, respiratory problems, lightheadedness and organ failure
Hazmat Incident Hazards

HAZMAT scene requires extreme care: Remain at a safe distance (70m buffer zone) Remain up wind and uphill, and monitor the wind for changes in direction
Identify the material
Assess the hazard

Wear appropriate PPC Carry out appropriate decontamination procedures
Other Incident Hazards

Other incidents:
Motor vehicle accidents Explosions
Natural disasters, such as earthquakes, subsidence, storms and floods

Aircraft incidents Incidents involving lifts, cranes & scaffolding Marine fire or explosion Incidents involving contaminated water Training exercises
Session 6 Hazard Management Considerations
Session Outline
Session Objectives: Identify the procedures for managing hazards at the incident scene Monitor the effectiveness of implemented control measures Provide assistance to crew members and identify and respond to instances of critical incident stress Observe Occupational Health and Safety procedures Topics covered in this session: Procedures for managing hazards Monitoring hazards Assistance to crew Critical incident stress (CIS) Occupational Health and Safety
Managing Hazards
Procedures for managing hazards:
Implement DRA and risk assessment matrix Report all identified hazards to the Crew Leader and crew members Secure the scene Minimise impact on the environment. Including air, land and water
Wear appropriate levels of protective clothing

Participate in the operational briefing
Follow the instructions of the Crew Leader

Identify hazards
Requirements dependant on the circumstances at the incident scene.

Monitoring Hazards
The incident scene must be constantly monitored for:
Changes in the level of risk The introduction of new hazards
The level of risk can be affected by changes in:

Resource availability Traffic Spectators Weather Water supply Vegetation types Typography Fire behaviour
Changes in the level of risk must be reported

Assisting Crew
Remember:
Consider how your actions will impact on the safety of others
Remain in regular contact with other crew members

Use appropriate signals
When providing assistance, following safe working procedures and ensure personal safety
Critical Incident Stress (CIS)

Signs of CIS:
Physical
Chills, fatigue, nausea, fainting, chest pain, headaches, elevated blood pressure and heart rate, visual difficulties, profuse sweating, difficultly breathing
Confusion, nightmares, uncertainty, hyper vigilance, suspiciousness, reduced abstract thinking and attention span, increased or decreased awareness Fear, guilt, grief, panic, denial, anxiety, agitation, depression, feeling overwhelmed, inappropriate emotional response Withdrawal, antisocial acts, inability to rest, erratic movements, changing speech patterns or social activity, increase alcohol or drug consumption
Cognitive
Emotional
Behavioral
Occupational Health and Safety

Plays a vital role in ensuring that the workplace is safe
CFA are required to implement procedures to protect health, safety and welfare of employees Employees must undertake all work activities in a safe manner, look after the safety of others and wear appropriate PPC Any breeches in safety in the workplace must be reported by the employer/employees to OHS representatives
Scenario 1 Grass fire
Scenario 1 Grass Fire Risk Assessment Matrix

CONSEQUENCE LIKELIHOOD Catastrophic E E H Major E H H Moderate H H M Insignificant M M L
Collision with fire truck
Certain Very Likely Unlikely
Rare
CONSEQUENCE LIKELIHOOD Certain Catastrophic E E H H Major E H H M Moderate H H M M Insignificant M M L L
Entrapment
CONSEQUENCE
LIKELIHOOD Catastrophic E E H H Major E H H M Moderate H H M Insignificant M M L
Driving off the road while turning around
M L Respond to Marine Structure Fire PPT 72
Scenario 2 Structure fire
Scenario 2 Structure Fire Risk Assessment Matrix

CONSEQUENCE LIKELIHOOD Catastrophic E E H Major E H H Moderate H H M Insignificant M M L
Struck by falling rubble
Certain Very Likely Unlikely
Rare
CONSEQUENCE LIKELIHOOD Catastrophic E E H H Major E H H M Moderate H H M M Insignificant M M L L
Be overcome by smoke
CONSEQUENCE
Hoses or other equipment trip and fall
Scenario 3 Hazmat
Scenario 3 Hazmat Risk Assessment Matrix

CONSEQUENCE
Wind change blows toxic fumes toward you
LIKELIHOOD Certain Very Likely Unlikely
Catastrophic E E H
Major E H H
Moderate H H M
Insignificant M M L
Rare
CONSEQUENCE LIKELIHOOD Catastrophic E E H H Major E H H M Moderate H H M M Insignificant M M L L
Distracted and crash yourself
CONSEQUENCE
unidentified substances in remaining drums
Scenario 4 Vessel Fire
Scenario 4 Vessel Fire Risk Assessment Matrix

CONSEQUENCE
Wind shift blows toxic fumes toward you
LIKELIHOOD Certain Very Likely Unlikely
Catastrophic E E H
Major E H H
Moderate H H M
Insignificant M M L
Rare
CONSEQUENCE LIKELIHOOD Certain Catastrophic E E H H Major E H H M Moderate H H M M Insignificant M M L L
Fall into water
CONSEQUENCE
Potential for fire development
Session 7 Marine Environment Hazards
Session Outline
Session Objectives: Outline the hazards present in the marine environment Observe Occupational Health and Safety procedures Monitor the effectiveness of implemented control measures within the marine environment Topics covered in this session: Location of incident Navigate to the scene Weather Hazards at an incident Size up and approach Firefighting
Location of the Incident

Incident location may include vessels:
At berth Underway
In Coastal Waters (i.e. within 3 Nm of the coast)

In High Seas Waters In Inland Waters (including rivers and lakes)
Within a marina or storage complex

In dry-dock

Transmission of incident location may include:
Message via EAS pager or SMS Message via Radio (i.e. Marine VHF or CFA {VICFIRE})
Map or Chart number

Latitude and Longitude (e.g. 3822.5S. 14445.2 E) Six figure map reference (e.g. 345 875)
Geographic features
Man-made features Still alarm
Navigate to the Scene

Navigating to the incident may involve the utilisation of a number of aids including:
Compass (Analogue or Electronic)
Nautical Charts
Electronic Charts GPS or DGPS
Radar
Local Knowledge Celestial or Radio Navigation

Compass

Nautical Charts

Electronic Charts

Global Positioning System (GPS) or Differential GPS

Radar

Celestial Navigation

Radio Navigation
Weather
Weather
Sources of weather information may include:
Bureau Of Meteorology (BOM) Marine Radio Broadcast Stations
Internet providers
Local Commercial AM/FM radio Local knowledge
Weather
Bureau Of Meteorology (BOM)
Marine weather services Marine forecasts and warnings
www.bom.gov.au
Definitions
Wind forecasts Sea and swell forecasts
High seas forecasts

Coastal waters forecasts
Weather
Marine Radio Broadcast Stations
Coast Radio Melbourne, Sydney, Adelaide, Hobart Water Police
Australian Volunteer Coast Guard stations
Weather
Internet providers
E.g. seabreeze.com.au
Information approved by seabreeze.com.au for use by CFA for training purposes

Weather
Local Commercial AM/FM radio
Hazards at an Incident
Smoke
Radiant Heat Toxic fumes
Embers/debris
People in water Unstable work platform Limited firefighting capacity (400 LPM pump)
Size Up and Approach

RECEO
Crew Safety Type and size of fire
Persons involved/location
Proximity to exposures Environmental considerations Likelihood of successful attack Liaison between fire crew and coxswain
Firefighting
Location of firefighting vessel
Crew/vessel protection Extinguishing medium
Exposures
Vessel stability Possibility of sinking
Pump operation
Hose handling
Firefighting
Coxswain is legally responsible for the safety of the responding crew, the vessel and all movements of the vessel
CFA Crew Leader has a responsibility to liaise with the coxswain for operational decisions for the duration of the incident
Questions?
Overview of Incidents Managed by CFA

CFA is the Control agency for:
Fire wildfire and structural Rescue buildings and structures, road, rail, aircraft, industrial, and trench and tunnel
Aircraft fire or explosion

Marine fire or explosion Explosion
Gas leakage
Hazardous materials or dangerous goods Lifts, cranes or scaffolding Pollution in inland waters
AIIMS Incident Management

Australasian Inter-service Incident Management System (AIIMS)
Management is the same for all incidents
One controller Incident management team (if necessary)
Incident Management Structure
Functional Management Identification
Entry to a CFA Controlled Incident Scene

When you enter an incident scene:
you will need to:
know who to report to what your role is and what you are expected to do who is looking after you briefed on the incident and your role
WATCHOUTS & LACES
T-Cards
T-Cards are used to: Record entry Record exit
Track where personnel are Assist in planning for meeting welfare needs
A Staging Area (Moondarah Fire 2006)
Questions?

Marine Fire Responder Part 1 Safety Ed1.0 092010

Încărcat de

Informații document

Descriere originală:

Titlu original

Drepturi de autor

Formate disponibile

Partajați acest document

Partajați sau inserați document

Opțiuni de partajare

Vi se pare util acest document?

Este necorespunzător acest conținut?

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

Marine Fire Responder Part 1 Safety Ed1.0 092010

Încărcat de

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

Marine Fire Responder