Dyslexia

PRESENTED TO :
Dr. SUMAN SHARMA

PRESENTED BY :
KULBIR KAUR M.Sc. II Zoology Roll Number : 9391

WHAT IT IS
DYS = TROUBLE LEXIA = WORDS

TROUBLE WITH WORDS

NEUROLOGIC IN ORIGIN - GENETIC LIFELONG ENVIRONMENT MAY ALTER COURSE CORE DEFICIT IN PHONOLOGICAL COMPONENT OF LANGUAGE READING COMPREHENSION > WORD READING ACCOMPANYING CHALLENGES ( 50% ) ADHD SENSORY MOTOR DIFFICULTY BEHAVIORAL PROBLEMS

MORE CHALLENGING TO REMEDIATE

What is Dyslexia?
Dyslexia is best described as a continuum of difficulties in learning to read, spell or write which persist despite appropriate learning opportunities. These difficulties are not typical of performance in most other cognitive and academic areas.

Dyslexia is a learning difference which can occur at any level of intellectual ability.
It can cause difficulties in one or more of the following areas: spoken language reading writing maths

Dyslexia and Its History

Dyslexia is a learning disability that takes place when organizational differences occur in the brain. Dyslexia is present at birth and makes it difficult to read, speak, or write. Also it results in difficulty trying to learn, remember, or express information. Dr. Samuel Whorton is credited as an early pioneer in Dyslexia. He called dyslexia Stresphosymbolia, which means twisted symbols. Also in Europe, doctors were studying Word Blindness. All of this occurred in the 1900s.

 Dyslexia is the most common special educational need found in schools Numerous statistics indicate that about 5% of the population are severely dyslexic. It is severe enough for them to need special help during their school careers. 10% of people show some dyslexic tendencies.

Famous

Dyslexics

What is Dyslexia?
Reading
Spelling

Handwriting

Short Term Memory

Copying from the board

Dyslexia Sequencing Self esteem

Organising

SYMPTOMS OF DYSLEXIC PEOPLE

Dumb Embarrassed Everybody else is better than you Slow Frustrated Anxious Cross

Behaviour of Dyslexic People

Take it out on my friends and family Shout and misbehave Have a go at everyone Just want to sit there dont want to do nothing Stubborn Chew pen Bite nails

Genetic Cause of the Dyslexia

The Human Genome Project has linked Chromosome 6 to dyslexia. The technology may soon exist that would enable parents to choose to eliminate this condition. Even though dyslexia creates experiences that may be frustrating, it is a gift. Dyslexics will always think differently. The ability to do this may be necessary for the world s future. Albert Einstein, with all his brilliance, would not have existed without dyslexia.

Strengths of dyslexic people

Thinking Musical Dramatic Creative

Good at sport
Imaginative Artistic Good at Design Sociable

Good at making things

Talkative

How do we help dyslexic people?

A well structured reading and spelling programme that is multi-sensory. Use of coloured overlays Highlight key words Use post-it notes to organise ideas

TREATMENT

EARLY IDENTIFICATION

PREVENTION OF READING DIFFICULTIES

LATER IDENTIFICATION INTERVENTION FOR READING DIFFICULTIES

TREATMENTS EFFECTS ON BRAIN ACTIVITY

Decreased activity in right hemisphere

Increased activity in left hemisphere

Simos et al 2002

Difficulties in Dyslexia
There may be associated difficulties in such areas as: Phonological processing Short term memory Sequencing Number skills Motor function Organisational ability
(Developing a Dyslexia - Friendly Learning Environment DENI 2005)

General Indicators
Appears bright but unable to get thoughts on paper Reading achievement is below expectation Memory difficulties Poor planning and organisational skills Apparent lack of concentration Tires easily Performance varies from day to day A history of dyslexia in the family

Research shows that Dyslexia is neurologically based.

Indicators of Dyslexia 3-5 Years

Difficulties with: Talking and listening Early literacy skills Memory Motor control Behaviour

Indicators of Dyslexia 5-11 years

Difficulties with:

Talking and listening Reading Spelling Writing Memory Behaviour

Indicators of Dyslexia Post Primary

Difficulties with: Speaking and listening Reading Spelling Writing Memory Organisation and integrating thoughts Motor coordination Behaviour

Children with dyslexia learn best when teachers Explain things carefully and show how it is done Give time to listen, think, answer and write Notice if they are having difficulty and offer help Write clearly on the board and provide printed handouts etc. Smile when they ask a question Try not to shout or use sarcasm Do not discuss their work in front of the class

RESEARCH ABOUT DYSLEXIA

According to this hypothesis, the dyslexics have the deficit in the ability to decode or word identification. Before the meaning of a word can be understood. a person must first recognize the word. Thus dyslexics are stopped at the lowest level. Dyslexia then is mostly seen in reading, but can also shown in speaking.

Dyslexia in people varies greatly. No two dyslexics demonstrate their disorder in the same manner. Out of all the dyslexics, four percent are severely dyslexic. Dyslexia can affect boys and girls equally, across all socioeconomic classes. Dyslexia is also found worldwide