Java Server Pages

Java Server Pages
CS-422
What are JSPs
• A logical evolution of java servlets
– most servlets dynamically create HTML and integrate it with some
computational and database output
• Servlets on their own had some pretty stiff competition form PHP,
ASP and ColdFusion
– these technologies for the most part (especially ColdFusion) don’t need a
programmer; ASP and PHP definitely have a programming language in
their background but scripting in VBScript or PHP is still easier than Java
• some one at Sun recognized that a servlet was just some Java with
HTML embedded in it, and thought: why not embed some Java in
regular HTML; then create a class that will scan through it and make
the source code for a servlet, then compile it and deploy it
• The Java Server Page is born
An Example...

<html xmlns = "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<head>
<title>Processing "get" requests with data</title>
</head>

<body>
<% // begin scriptlet
String name = request.getParameter( "firstName" );
if ( name != null ) {
%> <%-- end scriptlet to insert fixed template data --%>
<h1>
Hello <%= name %>, <br />
Welcome to JavaServer Pages!
</h1>
<% // continue scriptlet
} // end if
else {
%> <%-- end scriptlet to insert fixed template data --%>
<form action = "welcome.jsp" method = "get">
<p> Type your first name and press Submit</p>
<p><input type = "text" name = "firstName" />

<input type = "submit" value = "Submit" />
</p>
</form>
<% // continue scriptlet
} // end else
%> <%-- end scriptlet --%>
</body>
</html> 
The rendered screen(s)...
After entering Dick...

Embedding Java in HTML
• Embedding Java in HTML is pretty simple; the lead is taken from PHP
and ASP; we’ll make a special escape character “<%”, “<%=“ and
“%>”
• the tag pair <% …%> are used for defining scriptlets; a sequences of
Java statements
– scriptlets are used to glue the parts of your jsp together (see prev.
example)
• the tag pair <%=…%> is used for Java expression evaluation

– ex <%= new java.util.Date( ) %> will be replaced with the current
Date/Time
JSP Directives
• page
• taglib
• include
page directive
• Language – “scriptingLanguage”
• Extends – “classname”
• Import – “importList” – java.lang.*, javax.servlet.*,
javax.servlet.jsp.*, and javax.servlet.http.* are imported implicitily
• Session “true|false”
• Buffer – “none|sizekb”
• autoFlush- “true|false”
• isThreadSafe – “true|false”
• Info – “info_text”
• errorPage – “error_URL”
• isErrorPage – “true|false”
• contentType – “contentInfo”
• pageEncoding – “pageEncodingInfo”
taglib directive
• Import a taglib into the page
• Associate taglib with a URI
• Map the URI to,a prefix for use within the page
• <%@ taglib uri=“taglib URI” prefix=“prefix” %>

include directive
• Allows the inclusion of another file into the defining page
• Happens at translation time.
• <%@ include file=“URL” %>

JSP Actions (Tags)
• JSP provides a set of standard actions to help you with commonly

done tasks:
– <jsp:include>
– <jsp:forward>
– <jsp:plugin>
– <jsp:param>
– <jsp:useBean>
– <jsp:setProperty>
– <jsp:getProperty>
<jsp:include>
• Attributes:
– page - specifies the relative URI path to the resource to include
– flush - must be “true” ; specifies whether the buffer should be flushed
after the include is performed
– <%jsp:include file=“myfile.html” flush=true>
– use this action to include dynamic content; it will be included each time it
is included
• there is also an include directive
– <%@ include file = relative URI>
– use this for including static content, is included only once
<jsp:forward>
• Allows you to forward processing to another JSP, as soon as

processing is forwarded the processing of the curreent JSP is
terminated
• can be used in conjunction with <jsp:param> to forward parameter
information to the forwarded JSP
<jsp:forward page=“nextjsp.jsp”>
<jsp:param name = date value=“<%=java.util.Date() %>” />
</jsp:forward>
<jsp:plugin>
• Adds an applet or JavaBean to a Web page in the form of a
browser=specific object or embed XHTML element. It also allows the
client to download and install the java Plug-in if it is not already
present.
• Attributes:
– type - bean or applet
– code - Class that represents the component
– codebase- location of the class specified in the code attribute and the archives specified in the
archives attribute
– align - Alignment od the component (left,right,center)
– archive - space separated list of archives (JARS) containing resources
– height - component height in pixels
– hspace - number of pixels to right and left of component
– jreversion - version of the JRE required
– name - name of component
– vspace - number of pixels above and below the component
– title - Text describing the component
– width - component width in pixels or percent
– nspluginurl - location of plugin for Netscape Navigator
– iepluginurl - location of plugin for Internet Explorer
<jsp:useBean>
• Enables a JSP to manipulate or use a JavaBean. The action creates or
locates an existing object for use in the JSP.
• Attributes:
– id - the name used to manipulate the Java object (case sensitive)
– scope - page, request,session,or application (default is page)
– class - fully qualified class name of the Java object
– beanName - The name that can be used with method instantiate of class
java.beans.Beab to load a JavaBean into memory.
– Type - type of JavaBean, can be same as class attribute , a superclass of
that type or an interface implemented by that type
<jsp:setProperty>
• Used to set Bean property values

• Attributes:
– name - Id of the Bean for which a property is to be set
– property - name of the property to set
– param - specify which request parameter is to be used
– value - the value to assign to a Bean proberty
<jsp:getProperty>
• retrieve the value of a Bean property

• attributes:
– name - the name of the Bean
– property - the name of the property to retrieve

Java Server Pages

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Java Server Pages

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Java Server Pages

<p><input type = "text" name = "firstName" />

After entering Dick...

• the tag pair <%=…%> is used for Java expression evaluation

• Associate taglib with a URI

• <%@ taglib uri=“taglib URI” prefix=“prefix” %>

• <%@ include file=“URL” %>

• JSP provides a set of standard actions to help you with commonly

• Allows you to forward processing to another JSP, as soon as

• Used to set Bean property values

• retrieve the value of a Bean property

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