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PROBLEM
SOLVING
NON-ROUTINE
BASIC MATHEMATICS
GEORGE POLYA
HOW TO
SOLVE IT?
UNDERSTANDING THE PROBLEM
16 11 (16x2)+(11x3)=65
17 10 (17x2)+(10x3)=64
21 6 (21x2)+(6x3)=60
+4
PATTER
21 bikes and 6 tricycles N
-4
• Strategy 2 : Draw diagram
First, draw all the 27 seats. Then add a wheel to each
seat and when it reaches to the 27th seat, repeat back
until there are 60 wheels.
Note : Each circle is a seat and each leg is a wheel.
The grey circle is the bike.
The green circle is the
tricycle.
(21x2)+(6x3)=60
21x2=42 and 6x3=18
42÷2=21 and 18÷3=6
21+6=27 seats
Proven true!!
Problem 2
How many rectangles are there in each of these
figures?
answer
Step 1 : Understand the problem
• each figures is a rectangle
First, draw all the rectangles. The first figure has only 1
rectangle. Then add with the number of rectangle below
it. It continues till the end of the figure.
1 rectangles
3 rectangles
6 rectangles
10 rectangles
15 rectangles
Strategy 2 : look for a pattern
1 + 2 = 3 Pattern -3
1 + 2 + 3=6 Pattern -4
1 + 2 + 3 + 4 = 10 Pattern -5
1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 = 15
1 x 5
1 x 4
1 x 3 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 = 15 rectangle
1 x 2
1 x 1
For this last one : 1 + 2 + 3 + + 14 + 15 + 16
17 x 8 = 136
Step 4 : check the answers
Add all the rectangles in the figures.
1
+ 2
+ 3
+ 4
+ 5
15
It is proven that there are 15 rectangles
in the figures.
Problem 3
In three bowling games, Lulu
scored 139, 143, and 144. What
score will she need in a fourth
game in order to have an
average score of 145 for all four
games?
answer
Step 1 : Understand the problem
• three bowling games, lulu score 139, 143, and 144
• average score is 145 for all four games.
X = 154
Strategy 2 : Logic
1 139 -6 -6
2 143 -2 -8
3 144 -1 -9
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