Longer wavelength

Higher frequency

Buzz..Tips!
Properties of E.M. waves
They are all carriers of energy which is transferred from one place to another. They can all travel through vacuum at the speed of light ( 3.0 X 108 m/s). All E.M. waves travel as transverse waves. The speed, v of E.M. waves is given by the formula v = f X speed frequency wavelength

Application of E.M. waves:

Radio waves are made by various types of transmitter, depending on the wavelength. They are also given off by stars, sparks and lightning, which is why you hear interference on your radio during a thunderstorm.

 Are made by various types of transmitter. In a mobile phone,

they're made by a transmitter chip and an antenna, in a

microwave oven they're made by a "magnetron". Their wavelength is usually a couple of centimetres. Stars also give off microwaves. Microwaves are also used by traffic speed cameras, and for radar, which is used by aircraft, ships and weather forcasters.

 Are given off by hot objects, and you can feel them as warmth on your skin. Infra-Red waves are also given off by stars, lamps, flames and anything else that's warm - including you!.

Are given off by anything that's hot enough to glow. Light waves can also be made using a laser. This works differently to a light bulb, and produces "coherent" light. Lasers are used in Compact Disc players, Lasers are also used in laser printers, and in aircraft weapon aiming systems.

White light is actually made up of a whole range of colours, mixed together.

We can see this if we pass white light through a glass prism the violet light is bent ("refracted") more than the red, because it has a shorter wavelength - and we see a rainbow of colours.

 Ultra-Violet light is made by special lamps, for example, on sun beds. It is also given off by the Sun in large quantities.

Hi, Beautiful Maria

Uses for UV light include getting a sun tan, detecting forged

bank notes in shops, and hardening some types of dental filling.

Ultraviolet rays can be used to kill microbes. Hospitals use UV

lamps to sterilise surgical equipment and the air in operating theatres. Food and drug companies also use UV lamps to sterilise

their products.

X-rays
Because of it penetrating power and high energy, x-rays are use in medicine for diagnosis an treatment.

Are emitted when metals are bombarded with high-energy electron beams.

 Gamma rays are given off by stars, and by some radioactive substances. They are extremely high frequency waves, and carry a large amount of energy. They pass through most materials, and are quite difficult to stop - you need lead or concrete in order to block them out. They are used to kill cancer cells without having to resort to difficult surgery. This is called "Radiotherapy. kill microbes, and are used to sterilise food so that it will keep fresh for longer. It is also sterilise medical equipment.

GrOUp AcTiVitY
Divide into 5 group. Find out and state the dangerous or bad effects of ; -Radio Waves -Microwaves -Infra-red -Visible light -Ultra Violet -X-rays -Gamma rays You will be given 20 minutes to discuss. GOO D LUCK!

 Electromagnetic waves There are 7 types of spectrum; 4 properties of E.M. waves. Application of every spectrum.

Worksheet
Multiple Choice Question (MCQ) 1. Which of the following properties is the same for all forms of electromagnetic radiation? a. Frequency b. Energy c. Speed d. Wavelength e. Amplitude 2. Which one of the following devices does NOT make use of electromagnetic waves in this operation? a. Slide projector b. Loudspeaker c. Microwave oven d. Radio set e. TV set

3. Which one of the properties listed below applies to all X-rays, gamma rays, Infra-red, ultra violet and visible light? a. They all have same wavelengths. b. They can all be detected by the human body. c. They are all damaging to health. d. They are all affected by electric fields. e. They all do not need a material medium to propagate (travel). Structured Question 4. Microwaves are made by various types of transmitter. In a mobile phone, they are made by a transmitter chip and an antenna. i. Describe 2 bad effects if humans are exposed too much to microwaves. ii. Give 2 applications of microwaves. Essay Question 5. What are the similarities and differences between electromagnetic radiations and water waves?