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What Are Welding Fumes ? Health Hazards MSHA Regulations Sampling Methods Controls
Welding Fumes
What Are Welding Fumes ? Health Hazards MSHA Regulations Sampling Methods Controls
1/32 Inch
20 Microns
Head of Pin
1/32 Inch
m
Washed Foundry Sand 200 to 2,000 Plant Spores 10.0 to 40 Red Blood Cells 7 Cement Dust 1.0 to 10 Bacteria 1/10 to 10 Tobacco Smoke 1/100 to 1/2 Metal Fumes 1/1,000 to 1.0
Welding Fumes
What Are Welding Fumes ? Health Hazards MSHA Regulations Sampling Methods Controls
Exposure Primarily By Inhalation Fumes Are 100% Respirable What Does Respirable Mean ?
Exposure Primarily By Inhalation Fumes Are 100% Respirable What Does Respirable Mean ?
To High Concentration Over Relatively Short Time Symptoms Appear Relatively Quickly After Exposure
Chronic Toxicity
Exposure
To Lower Concentration Over Long Time (Months, Years) Symptoms Appear Long After Initial Exposure
X X X X
X X X
Examples
Blood
- Manganese and Lead CNS - Manganese and Lead Kidney - Lead and Cadmium Respiratory System - Magnesium, Manganese, Copper, and Zinc
Are Fever, Chills, Shaking Symptoms Appear 4-12 Hrs After Exp. Recovery Usually Within 1 Day Usually Associated With Brief High Inhalation Exposure To Zinc, But Magnesium & Copper Also May Cause Daily Exposure May Confer Immunity Symptoms May Return If Exposure Interrupted (3-Day Weekend)
Welding Fumes
What Are Welding Fumes ? Health Hazards MSHA Regulations Sampling Methods Controls
MSHA Regulations
56/57.5001 Establishes Exposure Limits For Airborne Contaminants
TWA8
And Ceiling Limits Listed In 1973 ACGIH Booklet of Threshold Limit Values (TLVs)
TWA8
Time Weighted Average For 8 Hrs Ceiling Limits Cannot Be Exceeded For Any Length Of Time
ACGIH
1973 TLV Booklet References 1968 PA Rules For Short Term Limits
Magnesium Oxide 10.0 mg/m3 Vanadium 50.0 g/m3 Chromium 1.0 mg/m3 Manganese (C) 5.0 mg/m3 Nickel 1.0 mg/m3 Cobalt 100.0 g/m3
3
mg
1 meter
g
1 meter
or
1 meter
3 g/m ?
MSHA Regulations
56/57.5002 Dust, Gas, Mist, And Fume
Surveys Shall Be Conducted As Frequently As Necessary To Determine The Adequacy Of Control Measures
MSHA Regulations
Part 46 and Part 48 Training
56/57.14213(b) All Welding Operations Shall Be Well Ventilated 56/57.20011 Areas Where Health or Safety Hazards Exist That Are Not Immediately Obvious Shall Be Barricaded Or Warning Signs Posted
Welding Fumes
What Are Welding Fumes ? Health Hazards MSHA Regulations Sampling Methods Controls
Sampling Methods
For Compliance With 56/57.5001 And 56/57.5002 Full Shift Or Short Term
Sampling Methods
For Compliance With 56/57.5001 And 56/57.5002 Full Shift Or Short Term Sample Pump, Pump Calibrator, Filters
Sampling Methods
For Compliance With 56/57.5001 And 56/57.5002 Full Shift Or Short Term Sample Pump, Pump Calibrator, Filters
Sampling Methods
For Compliance With 56/57.5001 And 56/57.5002 Full Shift Or Short Term Sample Pump, Pump Calibrator, Filters
Place Filter In Breathing Zone Under Hood Pump Draws Air Over Filter;
Sampling Methods
Analytic Lab Determines Weights Of Individual Contaminants On Filter Weights Converted To Concentrations
Sampling Methods
Analytic Lab Determines Weights Of Individual Contaminants On Filter Weights Converted To Concentrations weight of contaminant volume of air
Sampling Methods
Analytic Lab Determines Weights Of Individual Contaminants On Filter Weights Converted To Concentrations weight of contaminant volume of air mg or g m3
Sampling Methods
Analytic Lab Determines Weights Of Individual Contaminants On Filter Weights Converted To Concentrations weight of contaminant volume of air mg or g m3
Sampling Methods
Analytic Lab Determines Weights Of Individual Contaminants On Filter Weights Converted To Concentrations weight of contaminant volume of air mg or g m3
Sampling Methods
Analytic Lab Determines Weights Of Individual Contaminants On Filter Weights Converted To Concentrations weight of contaminant volume of air mg or g m3
Welding Fumes
What Are Welding Fumes ? Health Hazards MSHA Regulations Sampling Methods Controls
Controls (56/57.5005)
Feasible Engineering Controls Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
PPE
Allowed As Means Of Compliance Only In Limited Situations Where Feasible Engineering Controls Do Not Exist While Installing Engr. Controls Occasional Entry Into Hazardous Atmosphere For Maintenance
Engineering Controls
General Ventilation
Natural
or Mechanically Induced (Fans) Airflow Over Work Area That Dilutes and Carries Away Contaminants
and Removes Airborne Contaminants Before They Escape Into Workplace Air Local Exhaust Always Preferred For Toxic Airborne Contaminants
General Ventilation
Outdoors - Wind Indoors
Open Shop Doors/Windows What Blows In, Must Blow Out
Fans
Fixed - Roof, Walls, Windows Portable Blow Fresh Air Into Work Area, But Dont Blow Fumes Into Welders Breathing Zone Push-Pull Fan Arrangements Need Provision For Make Up Air
Air Velocity Drops Rapidly With Distance Away From Hood Opening
Air Velocity Drops Rapidly With Distance Away From Hood Opening
Hood Opening 10 inches Airflow 10
200 120 60
15
Respiratory Protection
Air Purifying Or Supplied Air
Respirator Use Must Include Implementation of Respiratory Protection Program (See ANSI Z88.2-1969)
Written Procedures on Selection and Use Respirator Training and Fit Testing Respirator Inspection, Cleaning, Storage Workplace Surveillance Medical Evaluation Recommended
Supplied-Air Respirator
Thank You