NDVI

Practical Uses For The Farm

Deployed Camera Systems

True color: 3 Bands 1. Red 2. Green 3. Blue

Near Infrared Band

Standard Delivery with Every Order True Color (RBG) NIR (Near Infrared) NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index)

NDVI: Normalized Difference Vegetation Index Calculated using the visible (R) and Non-visible (NIR)

Crop Inputs

$213 per acre

$1.70 per acre

Seed Technology

$134+ per acre

The Farming Dollar

Storage/Handling

$32 per acre

Machinery & Power

$92 per acre

Crop Insurance
Image courtesy of photosteve101

$27 per acre

NDVI
Disease and physiological stresses directly affect the reflectance properties of individual leaves, starting with changes in the visible spectral region rather than in the infrared due to the sensitivity of chlorophyll to physiological disturbances. The primary basis for the detection of stress conditions in a crop by aerial remote sensors often, however, is not only a change in the reflectance characteristics of individual leaves, but also a reduction in the total leaf area exposed to the sensors. This reduction can result from a direct loss of leaves, a change in their orientation, or an overall suppression of plant growth. In such cases the total infrared reflectance tends to be decreased due to fewer leaf layers and because of an increase in background exposure. Vegetation indices like NDVI (normalized difference vegetation index) take both this phenomena into account by subtracting the reflectance in the near infrared part of the spectrum from the reflectance in the visible red portion of the spectrum. This way NDVI holds a very high correlation with the gross primary productivity of a crop which is a function of the amount of leaf area and its chlorophyll content. Normalization is achieved dividing this difference by the sum of the near infrared reflectance and red reflectance, restricting values to a 1 to 1 range and partially compensating differences in the illumination due to sun angle, anisotropic reflection, etc.

Reflectance of vegetation
Leaf Pigments Leaf Cell Structure Water content Factor affecting Leaf reflectance
Clorophyll Absortion Water Absortion Absorption Bands

= +
reflectancia Reflectance

0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0

0.40

0.47

0.53

0.59

0.64

0.71

0.78

0.99

1.15

1.30

1.45

1.62

1.87

Wavelength in mm longitud de onda (micrones) Visible Reflected infrared Near Infrared Short wave Infrared Spectrum Zones

2.17

Not Just A Pretty Picture

Scouting Crop Health VRT Irrigation Soil Sampling Compaction Crop Insurance Yield Correlation Equipment Failures
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Five management zones based on relative crop vigor.

Targeted efficient scouting Create VR application file(s)

NDVI

Yield File

Closely correlated to yield

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Severe Compaction at Planting**

Center Fill Planter
Wet Soils Weight Distribution Iron, Seed, Starter, etc
Streaks occurred at drive path of tractor and planter every 60 (24 row planter ) April 10 Corn Planting into wet soil conditions

**Courtesy of ISA

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Yield Loss Due To Compaction

50 bu/ac avg throughout field

24-row center fill planter 40k lb. tractor, 30k lb. planter April 2011 planting Wet soils

Stunted root growth/development

Plant height is a strong indicator of water stress

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Gray Leaf Spot

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 Misapplication of N Yield Monitor will not show this data due to averaging across rows

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Different seed density

Seed were dropped all together leaving a gap afterwards

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Spray drift from aerial application

Originally thought this area was effected ~ $200 image prevented ~ $10,000 loss!

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A Mobile Scouting Platform

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To learn more on the value of having inseason, on-demand aerial imagery please find us here: Website: http://www.geovantage.com Email: aginfo@geovantage.com Phone: (814) 441-1867
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