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EARLY EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT CM/IKD6 (3 JAM).

Dr. Kamajaya, MSc.,SpAnd. Dept. Biologi Fak.Kedokteran USU Medan.

General Outlines.
1.

Early Embryonic Development.


Gametogenesis.
1.1. Gonad development, and the Germ cells. 1.2. Mitotic and Meiotic cells division. 1.3. Spermatogenesis. 1.4. Oogenesis.

2.

Embryogenesis.
2.1. Fertilization process. 2.2. Cleavage. 2.3. Embryonic germ layers. 2.4..Embryonic and Trophoblast development. 2.5. Organ formation.

1.1. Gonad development, and the Germ cells.

1. Gametogenesis.

Embryological development of the reproductive system. Two major stages : 1. Indifferent stage, and 2. Gonad differentiation stage. 1. Indifferent stage. Is common in the both sex (male and female).
From

middle of the third week the end of the sixth week embryonic life. The period of the primordia genital apparatus construction. No morphological feature which indicates of the embryo as male or female. Both the gonad and the systems of the canals (Wolffian and Mullerian ducts) which connect with the urogenital sinus are similar.

1.1. Gonad development, and the Germ cells.


2. Gonad differentiation stage. Begins at the seventh week : = Transformation of the undifferentiated gonad into : testis in a male as an effect of the Y-heterochromosome, and Ovarium in a female because of no Y-heterochromosome. = Testicular differention were earliest then the ovarium differentiation. = In this period, male and female can be determined in reproductive morphologically.

1. Gametogenesis.

1.2. Mitotic and meiotic cell divisions.


1.2.1. Mitotic division. a. Prophase, b. Metaphase, c. Anaphase, d. Telophase. 1.2.2. Meiotic division. = Meiosis-I :
Leptotene Zigotene Diplotene Metaphase-I Anaphase-I Telophase-I.

1. Gametogenesis.

= Meiosis-II :
Prophase-II, Metaphase-II Anaphase-II Telophase-II.q

Meiosis.

Male

Female

Spermatogonium

Germ-cell

Oogonium

mitosis
Spg 1st Sptocyte mitosis Oog. 1st Oocyte

meiosis-I
2nd Sptocyte Sptid spermiogenesis Spermatozoa 1st Oocyte preleptotene ovulation

2nd Oocyte

Ootid

2. EMBRIOGENESIS. 2.1. Fertilization process.

2. EMBRIOGENESIS. 2.1. Fertilization process.

2. Embryogenesis. 2.2. Cleavage.

2.4. Embryonic and Trophoblast development.

2. Embryogenesis.

Blastula formation.
Diploblastic embryo.

Late blastula & Neural fold formation.

Triploblastic embryo.
Organ formation.

2.3. Embryonic germ layers.

2. Embryogenesis.

Human embryo.

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