BUILT-UP RATES CONCRETE WORK

NURUL ASRA ABD. RAHMAN, FSPU, UiTM SHAH ALAM, MALAYSIA

INTRODUCTION
Concrete measure in cubic meter Contractors should measure the quantity as a result for the development The type of quality of materials, the required tests on materials and work completed and also mix or concrete strength must be explained Concreting work can be done by hand or by machine

NURUL ASRA ABD. RAHMAN, FSPU, UiTM SHAH ALAM, MALAYSIA

CONCRETE
Concrete specified whether the ratio of the mixture or by specific performance Concrete mix : cement + sand + aggregate
eg: 1 : 1 : 2 = concrete Grade 30 1 : 11/2 : 3 = concrete Grade 25 1 : 2 : 4 = concrete Grade 20 Standard mix portion by weight (28 days strength)

NURUL ASRA ABD. RAHMAN, FSPU, UiTM SHAH ALAM, MALAYSIA

MATERIAL
Material used for concrete consists of cement, sand, aggregate and water The weight of a cubic meter of concrete material Material Cement Sand Aggregate Volume 1m3 1m3 1m3 Weight 1.40 tonnes (28 bags) 1.52 tonnes 1.62 tonnes

Contractor shall add 50% of the cost of material to accommodate the shrinkage, wastage, density, etc in the calculation of the price of concrete.
NURUL ASRA ABD. RAHMAN, FSPU, UiTM SHAH ALAM, MALAYSIA

LABOUR
Some concrete work done manually, e.g will not using mechanical equipment, especially if it will not involved large quantities of concrete. Just unskilled workers will do the job for mixing, transporting as well as placing the concrete to the place.

NURUL ASRA ABD. RAHMAN, FSPU, UiTM SHAH ALAM, MALAYSIA

MIXING BY HAND
The average output force for mixing concrete by hand is about 2.00hrs/m3 This work including transporting the materials to the site to mixed The output force can be changed depending on the distance between the position of materials to be mixed.

NURUL ASRA ABD. RAHMAN, FSPU, UiTM SHAH ALAM, MALAYSIA

TRANSPORTING & PLACING BY HAND

The average output force to carry and deliver concrete from the mixer to the place and not exceeding 100.00m and placing or pouring concrete into mold are as follows:
Items
Pad foundation Ground floor <150mm thick 150mm 300mm thick >300mm thick Upper floor <150mm thick 150mm 300mm thick >300mm thick Wall <150mm thick 150mm 300mm thick >300mm thick Column and beam

Unit
M3 M3 M3 M3 M3 M3 M3 M3 M3 M3 M3

Unskilled worker (hour)

6.00 7.75 6.50 5.00 9.25 7.50 6.50 10.00 8.50 7.50 8.00

MIXING BY CONCRETE MIXER

The table shows the number of workers required, output and fule fo concrete mixers with different size Output shown is for each mixture that can be completed within 4 minutes.
Size 5/31/2 7/5 10/7 14/10 18/12 Number of workers 1 operator 1 unskilled worker 1 operator 3 unskilled workers 1 operator 4 unskilled workers 1 operator 4 unskilled workers 1 operator 6 unskilled workers Output/hour (m3) 1.25 2.25 3.25 4.50 5.50 Diesel/hour (liter) 1.10 1.60 1.80 2.10 2.40 Lubrication oil/hour (liter) 0.04 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.10

CONCRETE BY READY MIX

This situation arises to accelerate concrete works or perhaps the site is too small. Percentage of material wastage ranges from 2% to 5% of the cost of material. The analysis of price should be done if using ready mix concrete and a crane for transporting and placing the concrete work in the mold.

NURUL ASRA ABD. RAHMAN, FSPU, UiTM SHAH ALAM, MALAYSIA

Example 1 Mixing and placing concrete

(by hand)
Built up rate for reinforced in-situ concrete Grade 25 in isolated column. (m)
DATA: Labour mixing concrete = 2.00hour/m3
Unskilled labour = RM40.00/day Cement = RM10.50/bag Sand = RM28.00/m3 Aggregate = RM35.00/m3 Concrete Grade 25 = 1 : 11/2 : 3 Data from Table: (refer to the table) i. Labour output for mixing = 2.00hour/m3 ii. Output labour placing = 8.00hour/m3 (column)

TOTAL COST = MATERIAL COST + LABOUR COST + PROFIT & OVERHEAD

ANSWER:
A) Material Cost

1m3 cement (28 bags @ Rm10.50) 1 1/2m sand x RM28.00 3m3 aggregate @ RM35.00 5.5m3 Add: 50% (consolidation + waste) Therefore, cost per m3 = RM661.50/5.5m3

= RM 294.00 = RM 42.00 = RM 105.00 RM 441.00 = RM 220.50 RM 661.50/5.5m = RM 120.27/m3

NURUL ASRA ABD. RAHMAN, FSPU, UiTM SHAH ALAM, MALAYSIA

ANSWER:
B) Labour Cost

Cost of mixing/m3 = RM40.00/8hours x 2.00hours/m3 Labour for placing (unskilled) RM40.00 x 8hours/m3 8hours Total labour cost Therefore,Total cost = (A) + (B) = RM120.27 + RM50.00 ADD: 15% profit & overhead Total cost for reinforced in-situ G25:

= RM 10.00/m3

= RM 40.00/m3 RM 50.00/m3 = RM 170.27 = RM 25.54 RM 195.81/m

NURUL ASRA ABD. RAHMAN, FSPU, UiTM SHAH ALAM, MALAYSIA

Example 2 Mixing and placing concrete (by concrete mixer)

Built up rate for reinforced in-situ concrete Grade 25 in isolated column. (m)
DATA: Cement Sand Aggregate Unskilled labour Operator Concrete Grade 25 7/5T mixer: Useful life Initial cost Scrap value Interest rate Diesel Lubrication oil Average working day Repair and maintenance Cost of transportation = RM10.50/bag = RM28.00/m3 = RM35.00/m3 = RM40.00/day = RM50.00/day = 1 : 11/2 : 3 = 4 years = RM15,000.00 = RM2,000.00 = 10% p.a = 1.6litre/hour @ RM1.70/litre = 0.06litre/hour @ RM20.00/litre = 200 days = 10% for 4 years = 5% for 4 years

Therefore,
Data from the Table Size of mixer 7/5T So, need 1 operator ad 3 unskilled labour output/hour (m3) = 2.25m3/hour

Data from the Table Labour for placing for column = 8hour/m3

TOTAL COST = MATERIAL COST + LABOUR COST + MIXING COST

NURUL ASRA ABD. RAHMAN, FSPU, UiTM SHAH ALAM, MALAYSIA

A) Material Cost

ANSWER:
= = = = RM 294.00 RM 42.00 RM 105.00 RM 441.00

1m3 cement (28 bags @ Rm10.50) 1 1/2m sand x RM28.00 3m3 aggregate @ RM35.00 5.5m3

Add: 50% (consolidation + waste)

Therefore, cost per m3 = RM661.50/5.5m3

= RM 220.50 = RM 661.50/5.5m3 = RM 120.27/m3

B) Labour Cost Labour placing RM40.00/8hour x 8hour/m3

NURUL ASRA ABD. RAHMAN, FSPU, UiTM SHAH ALAM, MALAYSIA

= RM 40.00/m3

ANSWER:
C) Mixing Cost (plant cost) = Capital cost (C1) + Operation cost (C2) C1: Capital cost i. Initial cost = RM 15,000.00 ii. Interest 10% x RM15,000.00 x 4 years = RM 6,000.00 iii. Repair & maintenance 10% x RM15,000.00 = RM 1,500.00 iv. Transport to site 5% x RM15,000.00 = RM 750.00 RM 23,250.00 v. Less : Scrap value = RM 2,000.00 = RM 21,250.00 Cost per year = RM21,250.00 / 4 years = RM 5,312.50/yr

Capital cost per hour = RM5,312.50/1600hours

NURUL ASRA ABD. RAHMAN, FSPU, UiTM SHAH ALAM, MALAYSIA

= RM 3.32/hour

ANSWER:
C) Mixing Cost (plant cost) = Capital cost (C1) + Operation cost (C2) C2: Operation cost i. 1 Operator x RM50.00/day = RM 50.00 ii. 3 unskilled labour x RM40.00/day = RM 120.00 iii. Diesel 1.6lit/hour x 8hour x RM1.70/litre = RM 21.76 iv. Lubrication oil 0.06lit/hr x 8hr x RM20.00/lit = RM 9.60 RM 201.36/day Operating cost per hour = RM201.36 / 8 hours = RM 25.17/hour Mixing cost (C1) + (C2) = (C1) RM3.32 + (C2) RM 25.17 Output 7/5T mixer = output 2.25m3/hr = RM28.49/hour / 2.25m3/hour
NURUL ASRA ABD. RAHMAN, FSPU, UiTM SHAH ALAM, MALAYSIA

= RM 28.49/hour

= RM12.66/m3

ANSWER:
TOTAL COST = MATERIAL COST + LABOUR COST + MIXING COST
From the calculation 1. Material cost 2. Labour cost 3. Mixing cost = RM 120.27/m3 = RM 40.00/m3 = RM 12.66/m3 RM 172.93/m3 Add: 15% profit & OH = RM 25.94 RM 198.87/m3

Total cost for 1m3 of reinforced in-situ concrete Grade 25 in isolated column = RM198.87/m3
NURUL ASRA ABD. RAHMAN, FSPU, UiTM SHAH ALAM, MALAYSIA