rganic Farming

Presented by group
no :-10
 Principal Elements of
Organic Farming
Maintain a living soil.
Making available all the essential nutrients.
Organic mulching for conservation.
Attaining sustainable high yield.
Maximal but sustainable use of local
resources.
Minimal use of purchased inputs,
only as complementary to local
resources.
Ensuring the basic biological
functions of soil-water-nutrients-
humus continuum.
Maintaining a diversity of plant and
animal species as a basis for ecological
balance and economic stability.
Creating an attractive overall landscape
which gives satisfaction to the local
people.
Increasing crop and animal diversity in
the form of poly-cultures, agro forestry
system, integrated crop/livestock system,
etc. to minimize risk.
C. Mode of influencing life processes:-
1.Production is integrated into
environment, building healthy
landscapes.
2.Balanced conditions for plants and
animals ; deficiencies need to be
corrected.
D. Social Values:-
1.Optimum input : output ratio.
2.No pollution.
3.Maximum conservation of soils, water
quality and wife life.
 MANAGEMENT OF ORGANIC
FARMING
1. Organization of crop and livestock
production, and the management of
farm resources.
2. Maintenance of soil fertility for optimum
production.
3. Reduction of pest and disease incidence
through a carefully designed farm
rotation and enterprise structure; use of
resistant varieties & use of other
biological pest control techniques.
4.Use of forms of animal husbandry which
respect the welfare and behavioural
needs of farm livestock.
5.Use of appropriate farm machinery and
cultivation techniques which reduces non-
renewable resource consumption.
6.Achivement of a closed cycle to the
greatest extent possible between soil,
plants, animals and people and an
avoidance of environmental pollution.
 OPTION IN

v. PURE ORGANIC FARMING.

vi. INTEGRATED GREEN REVOLUTION
FARMING.
vii. INTEGRATED FARMING
 ORGANIC MANURES
2.Organic materials such as farm yard
manure, biogas slurry, compost, straw or
other crop residues, biofertilisers, green
manures and cover crops can substitute for
inorganic fertilizers to maintain the
environmental quality.
3.The use of organic manures will increase the
organic matter content of the soil increasing
the water holding capacity.
4.Erosion is reduced by organic manures.
5.Crop rotation with legumes add to soil
fertility.
GREEN MANURING – A BASIC
COMPONENT OF ORGANIC
FARMING
 ADVANTAGE OF GREEN
MANURING
 It helps to maintain the organic
matter status of arable soils.
 It improves aeration in the rice soils
by stimulating the activities of
surface film of algae and bacteria.
 Many green manure crops have
additional use as sources of food,
fuel and feed.
 Green manuring builds up soil structure
and improves tilth.
 It improves the soil fertility.
 Green manuring helps to ameliorate soil
problems.
 Green manuring increase the yeild of
crops to an extent of 15 to 20 percent
compared to no green manuring.
 Certain green manure like pongamia and
neem leaves are reported to have insect
control effects.
 Use of resistant varieties . Growing of trap crops . Release of parasites
and predators . Use of pheromone traps and light traps . Use of biological
insecticides . Use of mechanical weed control
 Again non chemical, biological pest management is encouraged. Eg.-
Neem cake, Bacillis thuringiensis
 Adopting crop rotations to avoid carry over of pests from one season to
next season .
• Ploughing the fields during summer season help in killing pests, larval
eggs etc, destruction of weeds and other alternate hosts breaks the carry
over of the pest in succession which considerably reduces the pest
numbers.
• NUTRITION- .
The nutritional value of food is largely a function of its vitamin and mineral content.
. POISON –FREE-
A major benefit to consumers of organic food is that it is free of contamination with
health harming chemicals such as pesticides, fungicides and herbicides
FOOD TASTE BETTER-
It comes as no surprise, therefore, that organically grown food tastes
better than that conventionally grown.
• Food Keeps Longer
• Organically grown plants are nourished naturally, rendering the
structural and metabolic integrity of their cellular structure
superior to those conventionally grown. As a result, organically
grown foods can be stored longer and do not show the latter’s
susceptibility to rapid mold and rotting.

• Disease and Pest Resistance

• A healthy plant grown organically in properly balanced soil resists
most diseases and insect pests.
Weed competaiveness-
The crops, being healthier, are also better able to compete with those
weeds that are present.
•
.
The greater resistance of their crops to pests and the diseases
save farmers significantly in expensive insecticides, fungicides and
other pesticides.

. Drought Resistance
Organically grown plants are more drought tolerant.
Because chemical fertilizer is soluble, plants are forced to imbibe it
every time they are thirsty for water. They can and do enjoy good
growth as long as water is readily available. As soon as water
becomes limited, however, the soluble nutrient salts in the cells of
chemically fed plants are unable to osmotically draw sufficient
water to maintain safe dilution. They soon reach toxic
concentrations, and the plant stops growing, hays off and dies
earlier than it otherwise would have.

• Added Value
• There is a discerning market of consumers who recognize the
greater food value of organic produce and are willing to pay
premium prices for it
•
.. DISADVANTAGES
• ORGANIC FARMING
Productivity-Proponents of industrialized agriculture point to its superior
productivity.
• Skill -It requires considerably more skill to farm organically. However,
because professional farming of any sort naturally imparts a close and
observant relationship to living things, the best organic farmers are
converted agrichemical farmers.
• GM Crops -Organic growers do not use genetically modified or
engineered food crops, some of which are engineered to tolerate
herbicides
• Time -Indeed, organic farming requires greater interaction between a
farmer and his crop for observation, timely intervention and weed control
for instance.
• Environmental effect of organic farming
• Climate Friendly -Organic agriculture with its low input needs of
naturally derived substances produces less greenhouse gas emissions and
is considerably more climate friendly.
• Eco Friendly-It doesn’t use soluble fertilizers…
It doesn’t use pesticides or herbicides
Organic agriculture is a production system
that sustains the health of soils,
ecosystems and people. It relies on
ecological processes, biodiversity and
cycles adapted to local conditions, rather
than the use of inputs with adverse effects.
Organic agriculture combines tradition,
innovation and science to benefit the
shared environment and promote fair
relationships and a good quality of life for
all involved.."