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PETROL ENGINES
What is an engine?
It is a device for converting stored energy into useful work or movement.
Most engines use a fuel as their energy store.The fuel is burnt to produce heat energy,which is then converted into movement
CLASSIFICATION OF ENGINES
Engines can be classified according to the fuel they use
PETROL ENGINES
DIESEL ENGINES
CLASSIFICATION OF ENGINES
Engines can be classified according to the fuel they use
PETROL ENGINES
DIESEL ENGINES
CLASSIFICATION OF ENGINES
Engines can be classified according to the fuel they use
PETROL ENGINES
DIESEL ENGINES
CLASSIFICATION OF ENGINES (Contd..) Engines can also be classified according to whether the fuel is burnt inside or outside the engine
CLASSIFICATION OF ENGINES (Contd..) Engines can also be classified according to whether the fuel is burnt inside or outside the engine
CLASSIFICATION OF ENGINES (Contd..) Engines can also be classified according to whether the fuel is burnt inside or outside the engine
HORIZONTAL ENGINE
ROTARY ENGINE
RADIAL ENGINE
SPARK PLUG
CYLINDER
STROKE
Stroke is the distance of the piston travels from BDC to TDC
stroke
TDC
BDC
When the piston moves from T.D.C to B.D.C the inlet port is closed, the mixture is compressed and transferred the into the cylinder through transfer port. piston exhaust port
Inlet port
Transfer port
When the piston moves from T.D.C to B.D.C the inlet port is closed, the mixture is compressed and transferred the into the cylinder through transfer port. piston exhaust port
Inlet port
Transfer port
When the piston moves from T.D.C to B.D.C the inlet port is closed, the mixture is compressed and transferred the into the cylinder through transfer port. piston exhaust port
Inlet port
Transfer port
When the piston is moving upward ,the mixture is compressed. At the same time,air and fuel mixture is coming into the crankcase.
exhaust port
Inlet port
Transfer port
NO FUEL MIXTURE AVAILABLE
When the piston is moving upward ,the mixture is compressed. At the same time,air and fuel mixture is coming into the crankcase. Compressed mixture exhaust port
Inlet port
Transfer port
At the end of the compression stroke, a spark is given by a spark plug.The fuel mixture expands rapidly.A high power is produced. This power forces the piston downwards.So the piston moves from T.D.C to B.D.C
Burning the fuel mixture exhaust port
Inlet port
Transfer port
When the piston comes down, the exhaust port opens and exhaust gases are going out.At the same time,the transfer port also opens and the fresh mixture comes inside the cylinder
exhaust port
Inlet port
Transfer port
Thus the four strokes are completed in two strokes of the engine
When the piston comes down, the exhaust port opens and exhaust gases are going out.At the same time,the transfer port also opens and the fresh mixture comes inside the cylinder
exhaust port
Inlet port
Transfer port
Thus the four strokes are completed in two strokes of the engine
ADVANTAGES OF TWO STROKE ENGINES 1.Simple in construction 2.Easy to manufacture 3.Low cost 4.Simple lubrication system 5.Uniform power production (one power stroke for every revolution of the crank shaft)
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
SECOND STROKE-COMPRESSION STROKE While the valves are closed,the rising piston compresses the mixture to a pressure about 7-8atm; the mixture is then ignited by the spark plug.
IN LET VALVE CLOSE POSITION EXHAUST VALVE CLOSE POSITION
Fig.
SECOND STROKE-COMPRESSION STROKE While the valves are closed,the rising piston compresses the mixture to a pressure about 7-8atm; the mixture is then ignited by the spark plug.
IN LET VALVE CLOSE POSITION EXHAUST VALVE CLOSE POSITION
Fig.
SECOND STROKE-COMPRESSION STROKE While the valves are closed,the rising piston compresses the mixture to a pressure about 7-8atm; the mixture is then ignited by the spark plug.
IN LET VALVE CLOSE POSITION EXHAUST VALVE CLOSE POSITION
Fig.
SECOND STROKE-COMPRESSION STROKE While the valves are closed,the rising piston compresses the mixture to a pressure about 7-8atm; the mixture is then ignited by the spark plug.
IN LET VALVE CLOSE POSITION EXHAUST VALVE CLOSE POSITION
Fig.
THIRD STROKE-POWER STROKE While the valves are closed the pressure of the burned gases of the combustion forces push the piston downwards.
IN LET VALVE CLOSE POSITION EXHAUST VALVE OPEN POSITION
Fig.
FOURTH STROKE-EXHAUST STROKE The exhaust valve is open and the rising piston discharges the spent gases from the cylinder.
Fig.
SUCTION STROKE
COMPRESSION STROKE
POWER STROKE
EXHAUST STROKE
1.More components
3.More cost
CONNECTING ROD
CRANK SHAFT
PISTON
PISTON RINGS
PISTON PIN BOSS PISTON SKIRT PISTON TOP RING GROOVES FIRE RING