3.

Design Determinants
The process of identification and systematic organization of Site (Contextual)
factors(criteria) which guide decision making in the design of buildings The process of identifying design determinants

is called Site or Contextual Analysis

Site (Context ) is defined as the whole situation, background or environment relevant to some event or product. Site isnt inert ( dormant) but active network that affects a design of building A good design should response to site factors

Design Determinants (cont)

Objective of Site Analysis
to enable designer pre-informed about site factors so that he/ she incorporate these factors in the design process Specific Objectives of Site Analysis to avoid inappropriate design responses to the site

to develop greater efficiency when designing

to discover interrelationships between site factors

to maximize date amount for the design decisions

Design Determinants (cont)

Site Analysis Elements
Gather relevant information about the factors of the site, from topography to climate to wind pattern and vegetation

Analyze these features and incorporate them into the design

Site Analysis List
Sub Surface Analysis Climatic Analysis Sensory Elements Analysis Circulation Analysis Natural & Man Made Elements Analysis Urban Context Analysis Building Codes

Site Analysis
Sub Surface Analysis these factors include
Geology: Geological history of the area, bedrock type & depth etc. Hydrology: Underground water table, aquifers, springs etc. Soil Genesis: erosion susceptibility, moisture (pF), reaction (pH) organic content, bearing capacity etc.

Site Analysis
Climate Analysis these factors include
Temperature Attitude Rainfall and Snow Prevailing wind Sun orientation

Site Analysis
Circulation Analysis these factors include
Vehicular traffic Pedestrian Traffic

Site Analysis
Sensory Analysis these factors include
Noise View Smell
Smell `

- View
+ View

Noise

Site Analysis
Natural & Man Made Elements Analysis these factors include
Greenery Topography Water bodies Existing structures Infrastructure

Site Analysis
Urban Context Analysis these factors include
Height Form Materials Elements of Design Principles

Site Analysis
Building Code Analysis these factors include
Height Restriction Function Restriction Set Backs Regulation BAR- Built up Area Ratio

Paper on Residential Building

Write a paper on Architectural Aspects of Residential Building Content

- Definition of House
- Types of House -Solar & Street Orientation

- Balcony, Terrace & Veranda - Parking, Greenery, Play Field - Special Requirements of Spaces

-Function & Activities of spaces

- Furniture & Fixture of Spaces - Functional Flow & Relationship - Standard Size

Privacy, view, noise, light, ventilation

- Sample Drawings of Spaces & Furniture - Solid and Liquid waste disposal -

- Entry, Lobby, Corridor & Circulation

Paper on Residential Building

Format - A4 size paper Note
-Free hand written and drawing

Submission
- Thursday, Oct. 28, 2010

Thumb Rules for Residential Building

Living Room
-Minimum Area = 12m2 - Minimum Width = 3m - Minimum Door Size = 90cm - Minimum Window Area = 1/10th floor area - Maximum Window Sill Height = 0.90 cm - Require View and South Side Exposure - Should be at the front of a house and accessible from the front door

Dining Room
- Minimum Area = 12m2 - Minimum Width = 3m - Minimum Door Size = 90cm - Minimum Window Area = 1/10th floor area - Maximum Window Sill Height = 0.90 cm - Require View and South or East Side Exposure - Should be adjacent to Kitchen and Living Rooms

Thumb Rules for Residential Building (cont)

Car Port/ Garage
-Minimum Area = 15m2 - Minimum Width = 3m - Minimum Length = 5cm - Should be at the front of a house and accessible from the main gate

Bed Room
- Minimum Area = 12m2 - Minimum Width = 2.7m - Minimum Door Size = 90cm - Minimum Window Area = 1/10th floor area - Maximum Window Sill Height = 0.90 cm - Require View and East Side ( morning sun) Exposure - Should be at the quiet part of the site preferably on upper floors

Thumb Rules for Residential Building (cont)

Kitchen
-Minimum Area = 6m2 - Minimum Width = 1.8m - Minimum Door Size = 90cm - Should be at the back of a house adjacent to dining room - Orient to north side ( cooler side) & kitchen yard - Minimum Window area should be 15% of floor area - Perimeter of work triangle should be between 3.6m to 6m

Bath Room
- Minimum Area= 4m2 - Minimum Width = 1.5m - Minimum Door Size = 70cm - Bath Rooms should be adjacent to bed rooms - Minimum Window height is 1.5m - Up to 1.5m height interior walls should be covered with ceramic tile

Thumb Rules for Residential Building (cont)

Half Bath Room
- For visitors and contain WC and HWB - Minimum Area = 2.5m2 - Minimum Width = 1.5m - Minimum Door Size = 70cm - Should be near living & dining room - Minimum Window height is 1.5m - Up to 1.5m height interior walls should be covered with ceramic tile

Study Room
- Mini - Minimum Width = 1.5m

 Important Points

Thumb Rules for Residential Building (cont)

- Traffic circulation should follow day today activities - Avoid traffic circulation through rooms - If a traffic must pass through a room, arrange doors in such a way that circulation affects one side or corner of the room - The route from Garage to Kitchen be defined and short - Circulation Area should not exceed 15% of total floor area - Main Entrance near the center of a house decreases corridor length - Main Entrance to a house should be emphasized, inviting and accessible - In front of Main Entrance there should be a transitional space like:
- Veranda, Canopy

- In side a house next to Main Entrance there should be a transitional space: - Foyer, Lobby, Entrance Hall - Make the Foyer or Entrance Hall the continuation of the exterior - Rooms located on west side need sheding - Locate rooms ( non- sensitive to harsh sun) like WCs, Bath Rms, Store or Garage on west and south west side

Thumb Rules for Residential Building (cont)

Important Points ( cont)
- Rooms in a house are grouped into zones
- Common Spaces

- Private Spaces

- Common Spaces: Open to all members of family, active and include

- Living Rm, Family Rm, Dining Rm, Gym, Garage, Kitchen, Utility Rm

- Private Spaces: Require privacy and quietness & include

- Bed Rms, Bath Rms, Study Rm, Pray Rm, Den

- It is important to separate the two zones either by level or location

- With in the common spaces we have two zones
- Living Zone: Living Rm, Family Rm, Dining Rm - Service Zone: Garage, Kitchen, Store, Utility Rm

- Living Zone should be at the front part of the house - Service Zone should be at the back part of the house

Thumb Rules for Residential Building (cont)

Residential Rooms Special Requirements
- Living Room
- Open both to the members of the family and visitors

- Located near the main entrance of the house

- Location of Living Room Door should allow direct access to living room as soon as we enter into the house -Oriented the living room to capture the best view from the site - Have big windows ( French Window) facing the main street - The location of the room should not allow view to private spaces like Kitchen, Bed Rms, Bath Rms etc -The location of doors in living room should not allow cross circulation - South exposure is preferable - Light interior color is preferable

Thumb Rules for Residential Building (cont)

Residential Rooms Special Requirements ( cont)
- Dining Room
- Open both to the members of the family and visitors

- Located adjacent to Kitchen and Living Rm

- There should be swinging door from Kitchen to Dining Room -Oriented the Dining Rm to capture the best view from the site - Have windows facing east direction

- Family Room
- Open only to the members of the family

- Located at back ( private) part of the house -Oriented the Family Rm to capture the best view from the site - Adjacent to living and dining room

Thumb Rules for Residential Building (cont)

Residential Rooms Special Requirements ( cont)
- Kitchen
- North or East exposure is preferable

- Should be located at the back of the house - Easy and direct access from kitchen to garage is important - Kitchen should be next to Dining and Utility Rooms - Natural light and ventilation is important

-Store
- Near to the room for which it gives service

- Bed Room
- Private spaces and require quietness

- East exposure is best and south exposure is preferable - Bed rooms should be located near bath room

- Light to medium interior color is preferable

Thumb Rules for Residential Building (cont)

Residential Rooms Special Requirements ( cont)
- Bath Room
- locate in the private part of the house

- avoid direct view from living room to bath room door

- natural ventilation and light is important

- Office/Den
- Den is private office where the parents work at night

- Office is open for customer - Den should be located in private space adjacent to master bed rm - Office should be located near main enterance

Thumb Rules for Residential Building (cont)

Residential Rooms Special Requirements ( cont)
- Guest Bed Room
- Isolated Room with attached bathroom

- located in such a way that it gets privacy

- Garage
- Easily accessible from main gate

- Easy access from garage to main entrance and kitchen

- Circulation Spaces
- Minimum corridor size is 90cm but the standard size is 1.2m

- Minimum veranda size is 1m but the standard size is 2m