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NUMBERING SYSTEM

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Objectives

- Know The Different Numbering System. - Know The Integer, Double Integer, Real Formats & How It Is Used.

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The Numbering Systems

The Decimal Number System uses base 10. It includes the digits from 0 through 9. The Binary Number System uses base 2 includes only the digits 0 and 1. The Hexadecimal Number System uses base 16 includes only the digits 0 through 9 and the letters A, B, C, D, E, and F.

Name
Binary Decimal Hexadecimal

Base
Base 2 Base 10 Base 16

Binary Number Formats

The Bit: The smallest "unit" of data on a binary computer is a single bit. The Byte A byte contains eight bits, it can represent 2^8, or 256, different values. The Word A word contains exactly two bytes, or 16 bit, it can represent 2^16, or 65,536 different values. The Double Word A double word contains exactly two words, or 32 bit, it can represent 2^32, or 4,294,967,295, different values
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Size

Name
Bit Byte Word Double Word

(bit s)

Example 1 0000 0101 0000 0000 0000 0101 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0101

1 8 16

32

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Data Type

Data Size

S7-Format

Min. No.

Max. No.

Bool

One Bit

2# Binary Format

2#0

2#1

Byte

8 Bit

B#16# Hex Format

B#16#

B#16#00

B#16#FF

Word

16 Bit

B#16#0000

B#16#FFFF

DWord

32 Bit

B#16#

B#16#0000_000 0 -32767

B#16#FFFF_FFF F +32768

INT

16 Bit

DINT

32 Bit

L#

L# -2147483647 1.175495e+38

L# +2147483648 3.402823e+38
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Real
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32 Bit

0.000000e+000
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SIEMENS Integer (INT, 16-Bit Integer)

DEC: + 813
DEC: - 813
Value Range Arithmetic Operations

BIN.: 2# BIN.: 2#

0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1

-32768 to +32767 (without sign: 0 to 65535) such as + I, * I, <I, ==I

Double Integer (DINT, 32-Bit Integer) DEC: L# +302019 DEC: L# -302019

Value Range Arithmetic Operations:

BIN.: 2# BIN.: 2#

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1

L# -2147483648 to L#+2147483647(without sign: 0 to 4294967295) such as + D, * D, <D, ==D

REAL (Floating-point Number, 32 Bit)

Sign of Real No.
31 30 29

e = Exponent (8 Bit)
28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15

f = Mantissa (23 Bit)

14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Value Range Arithmetic Operations: -1.175495e-38 to 3.402823e+38 such as + R, * R, <R, ==R ,sin, acos, ln, exp, SQR

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