EEAST is a well-established institute in Chandigarh

with an experience of fifteen years and has gained

recognition as training organization of high repute
offering international quality education in the field
of Electronics & Communication technology.
In our day to day life the role of micro-controllers has
been immense. They are used in a variety of
applications ranging from home appliances, FAX
machines, Video games, Camera, Exercise equipment,
Cellular phones, security systems .
  
         EXTERNAL
INTERRUPTS  
 
ETC.
  ON-CHIP ON-CHIP
INTERRUPT ROM for TIMER 0
RAM
  CONTROL program
code TIMER 1
 
 
 
CPU
 
 
 
  OSC BUS 4 I/O SERIAL
CONTROL PORTS PORT
 VCC
D 1

LE D

D 2

LE D U ?
40
D 3 3 9 2 1
3 8 P 0 .0 /A D 0 P 2 .0 /A 8 2 2
3 7 P 0 .1 /A D 1 P 2 .1 /A 9 2 3
3 6 P 0 .2 /A D 2 P 2 .2 /A 1 0 2 4
LE D
3 5 P 0 .3 /A D 3 P 2 .3 /A 1 1 2 5
3 4 P 0 .4 /A D 4 P 2 .4 /A 1 2 2 6
3 3 P 0 .5 /A D 5 P 2 .5 /A 1 3 2 7
D 4
3 2 P 0 .6 /A D 6 P 2 .6 /A 1 4 2 8
P 0 .7 /A D 7 P 2 .7 /A 1 5
LE D 1 1 0
2 P 1 .0 /T2 P 3 .0 /R XD 1 1
3 P 1 .1 /T 2 -E X P 3 .1 /T XD 1 2
4 P 1 .2 P 3 .2 /IN T O 1 3
D 5
5 P 1 .3 P 3 .3 /IN T 1 1 4
6 P 1 .4 P 3 .4 /T O 1 5
7 P 1 .5 P 3 .5 /T1 1 6
LE D
8 P 1 .6 P 3 .6 /W R 1 7
P 1 .7 P 3 .7 /R D
D 6 19 29
18 XTA L1 P S E N
Y ?
9 XTA L2 30
R S T A L E /P R O G
LE D
C R Y S TA L 31
E A /V P P
D 7 C ?
C A P  N P A T89C 52
20
LE D
R 1
R
D 8

LE D
A  liquid  crystal  cell  consists  of  a  thin  layer (about 10 µ m)  of  a 
liquid crystal     sandwiched    between    two    glass    sheets   with   
transparent   electrodes    deposited    on   their   inside  faces.
  With  both  glass  sheets transparent,  the cell  is  known  as  
transmittive type cell.  
When  one  lass is transparent and the  other  has  a  reflective  
coating,  the  cell  is   called reflective type.
  The  LCD  does  not  produce  any  illumination of  its   own.

It,  infact,  depends  entirely  on  illumination  falling   on it from an  
external source for its visual effects.
WAP TO PRINT ALPHABET A TO Z .

#include<lcd rout.h>
void main( )
{
lcd_ init( );
for(i=‘A’;i<=‘z’;i++)
{
lcd_cmd(k);
lcd_data(i);
k++;
secdelay(1);
}
}
Traffic lights, also known as traffic signals, stop
lights, stoplight, traffic lamps, stop-and-go
lights, robots or semaphore, are signaling
devices positioned at road intersections,
pedestrian crossings, and other locations to
control competing flows of traffic.
Traffic lights have been installed in most cities
around the world to control the flow of traffic.
The most common traffic lights consist of a set
of three lights: red, yellow (officially amber),
and green.