Ch.2 Culture

Chapter 2: Culture and Interpersonal Communication
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CH 2: Culture and Interpersonal Communication (slide 1)
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Culture
Culture consists of the relatively specialized lifestyle of a group of people that is passed on from one generation to the next through communication.
Includes everything the group has produced: values, ways of behaving, artifacts Not genetic (like eye color)
Culture (cont.)
Enculturation How you learn the culture of your birth Ethnic identity A commitment to the beliefs and philosophy of your culture
Acculturation The process of learning the rules and norms of a culture that you move to
Culture (cont.)
Relevance of a cultural perspective
Demographic changes Sensitivity to cultural differences Economic and political interdependence Spread of technology IPC is culture specific
Aim of a cultural perspective

Cultural Differences
1. Individualist vs. collectivist orientation
Individualist cultures value the individual over group
Power and achievement Responsible for self and immediate family Stand out from the crowd
Cultural Differences (cont.)

1. Individualist vs. collectivist orientation
Collectivist cultures value the group over the individual
Benevolence, tradition and conformity Responsible for entire group Take pride in similarity to other group members

2. High- vs. low-context cultures
High-context cultures assume information is known by everyone
Information is implied rather than stated up front Places high emphasis on relationships

2. High- vs. low-context cultures
Low-context cultures value up front and direct communication
Information is stated explicitly and up front Places less emphasis on relationships
High context cultures are usually collectivist cultures


3. Power distance cultures
High- power-distance cultures have a gap between people who have power and people who dont
Great distance between those with power and those without Power is concentrated in the hands of a few

3. Power distance cultures
Low- power-distance cultures have little gap between people who have power and people who dont
Minimal distance between those with power and those without Power is distributed throughout the citizenry

4. Masculine vs. feminine cultures describes a cultures focus on achievement vs. nurturing
Masculine cultures value aggressiveness, material success, strength, emphasizes traditional gender roles.

4. Masculine vs. feminine cultures describes a cultures focus on achievement vs. nurturing
Feminine cultures value modesty, relationships, quality of life, tenderness

5. Ambiguity tolerant cultures
High-ambiguity tolerant cultures feel comfortable or can have a high tolerance for ambiguous or uncertain situations
Require minimal communication rules Tolerate individuality

5. Ambiguity tolerant cultures
Low-ambiguity tolerant cultures feel uncomfortable or can have a low tolerance for ambiguous or uncertain situations
Create strict rules for communicating Create highly structured and ritualized interactions

6. Short term and long term orientation cultures
Short term orientation cultures spend resources on present goals and want quick results Long term orientation cultures focus on future rewards

7. Indulgence and restraint cultures defines life along two dimensions
Life control - freedom freedom to do as you please or to have control over your life Leisure - how much leisure time or fun time you have

7. Indulgence and restraint cultures
Indulgence cultures have high life control and high leisure; are generally happy Restraint cultures have low life control and low leisure; are generally unhappy
Principles for Effective Intercultural Communication

1.Educate yourself 2.Recognize differences
Between yourself and the culturally different Within the culturally different group Differences in meaning
Principles for Effective Intercultural Communication (cont.)

3.Confront your stereotypes 4.Adjust your communication to the other person (accommodation) 5.Reduce your ethnocentrism
Stages of Culture Shock

Stage 1: The Honeymoon
Fascination and enchantment
Stage 2: The Crisis

Frustration, inadequacy; actual shock stage
Stages of Culture Shock (cont.)

Stage 3: The Recovery
Learn skills, language, new ways; shock subsides
Stage 4: The Adjustment

Enjoy new culture; periodic difficulties

Ch.2 Culture

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Chapter 2: Culture and Interpersonal Communication

CH 2: Culture and Interpersonal Communication (slide 1)

CH 2: Culture and Interpersonal Communication (slide 2)

Aim of a cultural perspective

CH 2: Culture and Interpersonal Communication (slide 5)

Cultural Differences (cont.)

CH 2: Culture and Interpersonal Communication (slide 6)

Cultural Differences (cont.)

CH 2: Culture and Interpersonal Communication (slide 7)

Cultural Differences (cont.)

High context cultures are usually collectivist cultures

Cultural Differences (cont.)

CH 2: Culture and Interpersonal Communication (slide 9)

Cultural Differences (cont.)

CH 2: Culture and Interpersonal Communication (slide 10)

Cultural Differences (cont.)

CH 2: Culture and Interpersonal Communication (slide 11)

Cultural Differences (cont.)

CH 2: Culture and Interpersonal Communication (slide 12)

Cultural Differences (cont.)

CH 2: Culture and Interpersonal Communication (slide 13)

Cultural Differences (cont.)

CH 2: Culture and Interpersonal Communication (slide 14)

Cultural Differences (cont.)

CH 2: Culture and Interpersonal Communication (slide 15)

Cultural Differences (cont.)

CH 2: Culture and Interpersonal Communication (slide 16)

Cultural Differences (cont.)

CH 2: Culture and Interpersonal Communication (slide 17)

Principles for Effective Intercultural Communication

CH 2: Culture and Interpersonal Communication (slide 18)

Principles for Effective Intercultural Communication (cont.)

CH 2: Culture and Interpersonal Communication (slide 19)

Stages of Culture Shock

Stage 2: The Crisis

CH 2: Culture and Interpersonal Communication (slide 20)

Stages of Culture Shock (cont.)

Stage 4: The Adjustment

CH 2: Culture and Interpersonal Communication (slide 21)

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