A Verb is a word that shows action or a state of being.

Action Verbs (AV) express physical or mental action.

dreaming

studied
thinking

running dance pg47

vote

A linking verb (LV) is a verb that expresses a state of being. A linking verb connects, or links, the subject to a word or word group that identifies or describes the subject. Pg 48
Pg 48

am is are

has been have been had been

may be can be should be

was
were

will be
would have been

might be

Most of the other linking verbs are related to your five senses sound
appear, become, seem, look smell

taste
touch, feel, remain

The music sounds loud.

The man seems irritated.

The flower smells fragrant.

The apple tastes delicious. The Girl Scout feels sad because no plants are growing at Camp Green Lake.

The cookie smelled delicious!

LV

Caveman smelled the cookie.

AV

Linking verbs link the cookie to a word in the predicate. When the cookie is the subject, it is not performing an action and is not able to smell, taste, touch. However . . .

When the sentence is about someone eating, smelling, or tasting the cookie, there is action being performed. The verb is then an action verb.

I smelled the chocolate chip cookies baking in the kitchen.

AV

AV

My little brother appeared at the kitchen window and stole a cookie.

LV

The cookie tasted gooey because it came straight from the oven.
LV

The cookie he ate appears to be underbaked.

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A helping verb helps the main verb express action or a state of being. A helping verb can help either an action verb or a linking verb!
Santa Claus is helping himself to the cookies!

am
were

is
do

are
does

was
did

done
be will

has
been could

have
being

had
shall

should would

can

may

Santa is checking his list twice. I know that you are hoping that you are on the good list, but the list does appear to be pretty short this year. You might have been left off of the list! The letter that you wrote could have been lost in the mail. Christmas might be looking pretty grim for you.

A verb and all of its helpers is called a verb phrase.

AV

Clints plane is tumbling over the Virginia falls.

LV Unfortunately things might have been different if the engine had not died.

Always remember NOT is NOT a verb

Verb phrases are often interrupted by an adverb.

The engine of the plane will usually start. Usually the engine of the plane will start.

Will start is the verb phrase; the adverb does not change the facts!!!!

The time expressed by a verb is called its tense.

There are three basic tenses: present, past, and future

Today I walk to school. (present)

Yesterday I walked to school. (past)

Tomorrow I will walk to school. (future)

. Every

Verb has four basic parts, which are called its principal parts.
Infinitive present participle past past participle

call

calling

called

(have) called

The dog peers out of his doghouse.

He is peering at the boy who stole his bone. He has peered at the boy long enough. To get his bone he will chase after the boy who is hiding in the bushes.

Irregular Verbs do not change tense by adding ed.

Here is one example:

Be care; do not break your glasses!

Oops! I broke my glasses!

I have broken my glasses many times.