Schema unei rafinarii si produsele ei

Taierile la DAV
Coloana DA: Taierile pe curba PRF (TBP) : -benzina(Nafta) la 200 C -petrol: la 280 C -Motorina la 345 Curbele STAS (ASTM) ale produselor: -Benzina: 32-185 C Petrol: 160-270 C - Motorina: 240 C -360 C limitele de distilare difera f. mult de la iarna la vara; acestea sunt limitele de vara. Iarna: initial min 185 C, min.85% trebuie sa distila pana la 360 C) -------

Pacura DA: 345 +

Coloana DV: Taiere pe curba PRF -Distilat de vid: 345-565

Benzina auto
EURO SUPER 98 UNLEADED GASOLINE4 USE: GASOLINE IS USED FOR SPARK IGNITION ENGINES PROPERTY MU LIMITS TEST METHOD Min. Max. Density at 15 oC Kg/m3 720 775 ASTM D 4052-96 (02)2 / ASTM D 129899(05)2 / SR EN ISO 3675:032 / SR EN ISO 12185:032 Antiknock value: RON 98.0 MON 87.0 Distillation: ASTM D 86-052 / SR EN ISO 3405:032 Evaporated at 70 OC (E70) % (v/v) Min Max - Summer1 20.0 48.0 - Winter1 22.0 50.0 Evaporated at 100 oC % (v/v) 46.0 71.0 Evaporated at 150 oC % (v/v) 75.0 Final boiling point oC 210 Residue of distillation % (v/v) 2 Vapour pressure SR EN 13016-1:012 / ASTM D 5191-04a2 - Summer1 kPa 45.0 60.0 - Winter1 kPa 60.0 90.0

Benzina auto
Principalii componenti ai benzinei auto sunt benzina de RC si benzina de CC, la care se adauga diferite fractii usoare (ex. de la HPR), izomerizat C5-C6, eteri (MTBE, TAME, etc) si alti aditivi.
Nafta Fractie 90-185 aromatica

DAV

HB
Max.10% din alimentare HB

RC

Benzina Cx

Cocsare

Benz. usoara isoparaf.

CC
Benz grea (final 220-230 C)

Petrolul pentru avioane

AVIATION TURBINE FUEL JET A1 USE: AS FUEL FOR JET ENGINES PROPERTY MU LIMITS TEST METHOD Min. Max. Total acidity mg KOH/g - 0,015

STAS 5639-88 / ASTM D 3242-01

Min.

Max.

Density at 15 oC kg/m3 775 840 ASTM D 4052-96 (02) 1/ ASTM D 1298-991 / SR EN ISO 3675:031 / SR EN ISO 12185 :031 Distillation: ASTM D 86-031 / SR EN ISO 3405:031 Initial boiling point oC report 10 % (v/v) oC 205 50 % (v/v) oC report 90 % (v/v) oC report Final boiling point oC 300 Residue % (v/v) 1,5 Loss % (v/v) 1,5 Flash point, TAG oC 38 ASTM D 56-2002a Freezing point oC -47 ASTM D 5901-031 / ASTM D 2386-03 / IP 528 Hydrocarbons content: % (v/v) Aromatics 25 ASTM D 1319-02a1 / SR 13474-021

Aviation Turbine Jet Fuel

Petrolul pentru avioane are ca materie prima exclusiv petrolul de DA si eventual, o fractie usoara taiata din motorina dupa hidrofinare

Petrol DAV Hidrofinare Petrol Reactor (HPR) Petrol (daca sHidrofinare PetrolMotorina (HPM) Motorina DA
a hidrofinat petrol)

sau Fractie usoara (daca

s-a hidrofinat motorina)

Combustibilul Diesel
EURO 5 DIESEL USE: AS FUEL FOR DIESEL ENGINES PROPERTY
MU LIMITS TEST METHOD Min. Max.

Density at 15 oC kg/m3 De vara De iarna

820 800

845 845

Cetane number 51.0 Cetane index 46.0 Flash point oC 55 Sulfur content mg/kg 10.0 Water content mg/kg 200 Viscosity at 40oC mm2/s (cSt) De vara 2.00 4.5 De iarna 1.50 4.5 Distillation: %(v/v) recovered at 180 oC5 % (v/v) max. 10 %(v/v) recovered at 250 oC % (v/v) max. 65 %(v/v) recovered at 340 oC5 % (v/v) min.95 de iarna %(v/v) recovered at 350 oC % (v/v) min. 85 de vara 95 % (v/v) recovered at max 360 oC

Combustibil Diesel
Combustibilul Diesel se obtine prin hidrofinare in principal din motorina de DA,CC si Cx, cu putina fractie grea de la HPR si cu aditivi specifici.

Mot
DAV Petrol Mot

HPM

Diesel

Mot

CC

Cx

HPR
Fractie grea de petrol hidrofinatcomponent Diesel Euro 5