HUMAN RIGHTS

Human Rights Are:

 the rights that someone has simply

because he or she is a human being.
 Inalienable/Universal
 Interconnected
 Indivisible
 Rights and Responsibilities both are
included
 Precursors to 20th century
Human Rights Documents
 1750 B.C.E.
– Code of Hammurabi, Babylonia
 1200 - 300 B.C.E.
– Old Testament
 551 - 479 B.C.E.
– Analects of Confucius
 40 - 100 C.E.
– New Testament
 644 - 656 C.E.
– Koran
 1215
– Magna Carta, England
 1400
– Code of Nezahualcoyotl, Aztec
 1648
Treaty of Westphalia, Europe
 1689
English Bill of Rights, England
 1776
Declaration of Independence, United States
 1787
United States Constitution
 1789
French Declaration on the Rights of Man and the
Citizen, France 1791 -United States Bill of
Rights
 19th and 20th Century Human Rights
Documents and Foundations
 1863: Emancipation Proclamation, United States
 1864 & 1949: Geneva Conventions, International
Red Cross
 1919: League of Nations Covenant, International
Labor Organization (ILO) Created
 1920: Women gain the right to vote in the U.S.
 1926: Slavery Convention
 1945: United Nations Charter, San Francisco
 1947: Mohandas Gandhi uses non-violent protests
leading India to independence.
 1948: The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
(UDHR)
 Five Primary Categories
of Human Rights:

 Civil Rights
 Political Rights
 Economic Rights
 Social Rights
 Cultural Rights
 Human Rights
Definitions
 Declaration :
Document stating agreed upon standards
or principles, but which is not legally binding.
 Covenant/Convention/
Treaty Legally binding agreement between states.
 Ratification
Formal process by which the legislative body of a state
confirms a government’s action in signing a treaty.
 Reservation
The exceptions that states parties make to a treaty (e.g.,
provisions within the treaty that the member does not
Accept)
 Selected Human Rights
Conventions
 Convention against Torture and other Cruel,
Inhuman, or Degrading Treatment or
Punishment, 1984
 Convention on the Rights of the Child, 1989
 Convention on the Rights of Migrant Workers
and the Members of their Families, 1990
 Not ratified by US
Note: Date refers to the year the UN General
Assembly adopted the convention; more than 25
Conventions have now entered into force.
 THE GLOBAL VILLAGE
 ECONOMIC IMPACT

 Blacklist Companies
Violating HR
 Global Compact

 Nothing remains hidden.

 Villages no longer isolated.
 IN PAKISTAN
>> CHANGE THE MINDSET
GEOPOLITICS
 COMMUNIST IN THE EAST.

 AYATULLAHS IN THE WEST.

 TALIBAN IN THE NORTH.

 TERRORIST BASES IN PAKISTAN.

 IN PAKISTAN
CHANGE THE MINDSET

 THREAT – Home of Al-Qaeda

TO LIBERALISM,PEACE, TOLERANCE.
 SOLUTION
COUNTER EXTREMISM, RESTORE

TOLERANCE.
 HOW
PREVENT – EDUCATION AND
AWARENESS.
NOT REPAIR – Iraq, Afghanistan, FATA
 GROWING INTOLERANCE
(Contd)
 In the Home
Domestic Violence,
Honor Killings,
Forced Marriages,

 Within the Community

Neighbourhoods Unsafe,
Physical Abuse of Weak,
Discrimination,
Ghettos, (an area of a city,
especially a very poor area, where
people of a particular race or religion
live closely together and apart from
other people)
Security Measures,
Death of Privacy.
GROWING INTOLERANCE
(Contd)
Within the Country
Sectarianism,
Military Vs Public,
Moderates Vs Extremists,
Challenge to Writ of State,
Killing your own people.
 GROWING INTOLERANCE
(Contd)
Globally
Wars - Afghanistan,
Preemptive War - Iraq,
Civil War – Rwanda, Sudan, FATA
Liberation War – Chechnya, Kashmir,
Palestine.
Geneva Convention Suspended.
GROWING INTOLERANCE (Contd)

Victims:
• Women at home
• Women at workplace
• Children
• Minorities
• The aged
• The handicapped
 REALITY
CLASH WITHIN ISLAM
 Wahabism Vs All other Muslims
Saudi Arabia, Al-Qaeda, Taliban, Sudan

 Shia Theocracy – Iran

 Sufi Traditions – South Asia, Turkey
 Live and Let Live – Far East
 The Newly Freed – Central Asia
 Madressas and Their Funding
 WARS, GENOCIDE &
HUMAN RIGHTS

 Maximum Human Rights

Violations are in War Time
 No Two Democracies Have Ever
Gone to War Against Each Other
 Democracy, Peace and
Human Rights are Synonymous
 Pakistan 5th Worst Genocide of 20th
Century
 SOURCES OF HUMAN
RIGHTS
Holy Quran and Islam
 Haqooq Allah and Haqooq-al-Ibad
 Right to Life
 Equality Before Law
 Equality of Mankind
 Rights of Women-matrimony/ Inheritance/
Property
 Individual and Societal Rights and
Responsibilities
 Human Rights
 SOURCES OF HUMAN
RIGHTS
KHUTBA HAJJAT-UL-WIDA
• Largest gathering of Muslims
• Prophet indicated his last Hajj
• Approximately 28 paragraphs
o Only 5 Huqooq-ullah
o Remaining Huqooq-al-Ibad
• Growing State, Enemies all-around
• No message of violence of Heaven
or Hell
• Message of Good Human Beings
 SOURCES OF HUMAN
RIGHTS
 Constitution Of Pakistan 1973
Excellent document.
 Article 8-28 Fundamental Rights.
 Article 29-40 Principles of Policies.
 Weaknesses
> Articles
> Changes by dictators
 SOURCES OF
HUMAN RIGHTS

 International Obligations
 Universal Declaration.
 CEDAW
(Convention on the Elimination of Discrimination
Against Women)
 CRC
(Convention on the Rights of the Child)
 Cairo Declaration.
 Many Others.
 COUNTER THROUGH
MASS AWARENESS

MEDIA
 Radio
 TV
Print Media
Internet
 COUNTER THROUGH
MASS AWARENESS
 Training of Journalists.

 Courses at five capitals -Excellent

response.

 Considerably enhanced awareness.

 COUNTER THROUGH
EDUCATION
 Curriculum.
 Training of Teachers/ students.

 One Week Diploma Courses

Participants include, education administrators,judges,

bureaucrats,police officers,
schools principals,

district and
provincial authorities.
 COUNTER THROUGH
EDUCATION (Cont..)
 Training of Government Servants

Including NIPA, Judicial Academy, Foreign Services

Academy,
Police Academy, Police Training Schools,

Civil Service Academy,

Administrative Staff College,

Secretariat Training Institute.

 WHAT YOU AND I CAN DO

 Spread Awareness of Tolerance

 Mosques to Follow the Widai Khutba
 Media
TV: “Sehr Honey Ko Hai”, “Ghairat”, Talk Shows
Radio: 1000’s of Programs in Regional
Languages
Film: “Khuda Kay Liyay”
Press: More Editorials, articles.
 Encourage Discussion Groups,
Visiting Scholars
 WHAT YOU AND I CAN DO

 Democracy – Much More Needed

Develop Culture of Democracy,
Strengthen Institutions, Judiciary, Media, Parliament,
Participate actively in elections, Civic Activities,
Military Interventions Must End

 Daily Life
Fairness
No Discrimination
Moderation and Tolerance

High Personal Standard