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Identifying forces
You cannot see a force. But you can feel a force and see the effect of the force. Forces make things happen or stop them from happening. Name 5 ways in which you have used a force today.
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Forces can effect things in 3 ways. Can you name them? Effect 1. A force can change the shape of an object.
Effect 2. A force can change the speed of an object, making it faster or slower.
In each picture, identify the main force and describe its effect.
7K Forces
Friction
Friction occurs when any two surfaces move against each other and tries to stop the movement. Heat is generated as a result of friction. Which type of surface generates more friction, a rough surface or a smooth surface?
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drag
thrust
The friction of the tyres on the road opposes movement of the car.
The friction of air against the body of the car also opposes the cars movement. This type of friction is called air resistance.
When the thrust and drag forces are balanced, the car travels at a constant speed.
drag
thrust
What happens to the speed of the car when the thrust and drag forces are unbalanced?
Weight
Why dont people on the other side of the Earth fall off into outer space?
The pulling force of gravity always acts towards the centre of the Earth, wherever you are on the planet.
The girl below is not moving. Are there any forces acting on her?
An upwards force is produced by the chair in the opposite direction to gravity.
The girls weight due to the force of gravity is pulling her mass down on the chair.
The girl does not move because these forces are balanced. What does this tell you about the size of these forces?
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Our friendly alien Ms. R. Nerg will help you find out more
In outer space, far away from any planets or stars, there is no gravity pulling on me.
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Have you ever noticed how difficult it is to push an inflatable under water? Thats because the water exerts an upwards force on the inflatable. The upward force that acts on things in a liquid is called
What forces are acting on the rubber duck as it floats? Upthrust of water pushes upwards against the weight of the duck. Weight of the duck due to the force of gravity pulls downwards.
Forces summary
1. Feel the force is a well-known saying from which famous film? a) Star Wars. b) Star Trek. c) Stars in Your Eyes.
3. Gravity and magnetism are examples of a) contact forces. b) non-contact forces. c) police forces.
4. The force that occurs when two surfaces move against each other is called
a) Fred. b) fiction. c) friction.
5. In icy weather roads are covered with sand. How does the sand effect the amount of friction between car tyres and the road?
a) Reduces friction. b) Increases friction. c) Has no effect. 6. A dog being taken for a walk is pulling on the lead held by its owner. The pulling force of the dog increases. What happens to the speed of its owner? a) Speeds up. b) Slows down. c) Changes direction.
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7. The upwards force that slows down a sky diver as they fall through the air is called a) weight. b) air conditioning. c) air resistance. 8. The pulling force of the Earths gravity always acts towards the centre of a) the Moon.
b) the Earth.
c) the Sun.
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9. A cyclist is travelling at a constant speed. The balanced pair of forces acting on the cyclist are a) thrust and weight.
11. An astronaut drops a 1 kg bar of chocolate in outer space. What is the weight of the bar of chocolate? a) 10 N.
b) 1 N.
c) 0 N. 12. A spacecraft has a mass of 9000 kg on Earth. What would its weight be on the Moon? a) 1500 N.
b) 9000 N.
c) 54 000 N.
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