Malnutrition

BSN 2Y1-21D

S.L. Macarae
…dietary condition caused by a
deficiency or excess of one or
more essential nutrients in the
diet. It is characterized by a wide
array of health problems :

• extreme weight loss

• stunted growth
• weakened resistance to infection
• impairment of intellect

Severe cases of malnutrition

can lead to death! S.L. Macarae
 Two types of
MALNUTRITION
Under nutrition - a state in
• Under nutrition -
which the body is not supplied
with adequate food, vitamins
and nourishment needed for
maintaining it’s normal
functioning.
• Over Nutrition - a state in
which the body is supplied
with too much food, vitamins
and nourishment needed for
maintaining it’s normal
functioning. S.L. Macarae
 How Can we fight
MALNUTRITION
Balanced diet
Vegetables, fruits, grains, and legumes
constitute a rich source of dietary fiber.
Composed of the indigestible cell walls of
plant material, fiber acts like a scouring pad
to cleanse and flush the digestive tract. It
helps eliminate cancer-causing chemicals
and may decrease the amount of cholesterol
in the blood stream.
Meats and fishes are
dietary proteins are powerful compounds
that build and repair body tissues, from hair
and fingernails to muscles. In addition to
maintaining the body’s structure, proteins
speed up chemical reactions in the body,
serve as chemical messengers, fight
infection, and transport oxygen from the
lungs to the body’s tissues. Although protein
provides 4 calories of energy per gram, the
body uses protein for energy only if S.L. Macarae
 Exercise
An activity that results in contraction of
skeletal muscle. The term is usually used in
reference to any activity that promotes physical
fitness. Although muscle contraction is the
common element of all forms of exercise, many
other organs and systems are affected, for
example, the heart and lungs.

Regular Check-ups
Regular check-ups in health centers helps you
maintain your child’s health. Health
professionals such as nurses and doctors will
help you promote your child’s health by health
teaching programs and feeding programs.

S.L. Macarae
Vitamin Supplementation

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Immunization
• Hepatitis B
• DPT Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus
• Influenza
• Poliomyelitis
• Pneumunococcal Disease
• MMR Measles, Mumps, Rubella
• Chicken Pox
• Hepatitis A
• Pneumonia
• Heamophilus Influenzae type B

S.L. Macarae
 Malnutrition in the
Philippines
Protein Energy Malnutrition
(PEM) A
lack of energy and protein
which results in growth
retardation.
Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA)
A
deficiency in iron wherein
hemoglobin concentration is
below the normal level which
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Vitamin A Deficiency (VAD)
Lack
of vitamin A that may
result to xeropthalmia
(dryness of the eye), night
blindness(inability to see in
dim light) eyes sensitive to
bright light, rough dry skin
and membranes of nose and
throat , low body resistance
to disease, poor growth, and
blindness in severe cases.
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Iodine deficiency Disorders
(IDD)
Lack of iodine in the body
which results in goiter,
mental retardation,
deafmutism, difficulty in
standing or walking normally,

S.L. Macarae
 The Food Fortification
Program
RA 8976
Republic Act 8976 or the Food
Fortification Act
of 2000 was signed into law on
November 7, 2000
for full implementation on November 7,
2004, to
address the problem of micronutrient
malnutrition

This law is complimentary to RA 8172 or

the
ASIN Law (An Act Promoting Salt
Iodization

S.L. Macarae
 Sangkap Pinoy
l a term used by the DOH for micronutrients
added to
food to enhance its nutritional quality

l These micronutrients are vitamin A, iron and

iodine,
which cannot be synthesized by the human body,
and therefore must be provided through the diet.

l The intake of these micronutrients through the

Filipino diet is often inadequate and is responsible
for the micronutrient malnutrition afflicting a
majority
of the population.

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GARANTISADONG PAMBATA SERVICES

l Giving VIT A capsules (VAC)

supplement to all 1259
months old children.
l Catch up immunizations
(children who missed the
routine immunizations like
BCG, OPV, DPT, Measles)
l Distribution of iron
supplements to infants and
pregnant women
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Promotion of child positive
caregiving behaviors like
ü exclusive breastfeeding of
infants from 06months old
ü feeding infant
micronutrient rich
complementary foods
starting 6 months old
ü use of iodized salt daily
ü Buying and eating fortified
foods
ü brushing of teeth properly
and regularly
ü letting children play safe
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