Flat Earth Koran 12 of 13 - Koran Science & Cosmology (Part 3)

The Flat Earth Koran
12 of 13 – Koran Science & Cosmology

(Part 3)
3rd September 2009 12 - Koran Science & Cosmology (Pt 3) 1

An interpretation of the Cosmology of
the Koran & a critique of Islamic
Fundamentalism

Classification of the types of Scientific
Miracles said to be found in the Koran
There are perhaps about
100 – 120 different alleged
Scientific Miracles in the
Koran, according to Islamic
Fundamentalists.
They appear to fall into the

categories in this chart.
These Presentations will

focus on the alleged
relating to Astronomy,
Cosmology & the Physical
Sciences.

Section 3 – Islam & the Earth

Claims about the Earth and Moon
32) Earth a rotating sphere 42) Mountains & stability

33) Egg shaped Earth 43) Lowest point on Earth
34) Spherical Earth 44) Earths Crust
35) Earths rotation 45) 7 layers of Crust
36) 7 Atmospheric layers 46) Continental Drift
37) Thin air at altitude 47) The 2 Sea’s (HY)
38) Protective Atmosphere 48) The 2 Sea’s (MB)
39) More on Atmosphere 49) Mid Ocean ridges
40) Atmospheric depletion 50) Darkness underwater
41) Ozone layer
All these things and more are supposedly referred to in the Koran,
but these claims are all false, as this presentation will show.
Claim 32 – The Koran implies that
the Earth is Spherical & rotating

Claim 32 Earth is Spherical & rotating
"Hast thou not seen how God

merges the night into the day
& merges the day into the night."
Surah 31:29 Bucaille
". . . He coils the night upon the

day and he coils the day upon
the night."
Surah 39:5 Bucaille
& Harun Yahya

Claim 32 Earth is
Spherical & rotating
1. According to this claim, the Koran alluded to the Earth being a

sphere and rotating 1400 years ago.
2. Such information it is aid, was not known until the C16th AD
when Magellan circumnavigated the Earth and Copernicus
proposed his Heliocentric theory.
3. The Koran is thus said to have been 900 years ahead of its
time.
4. Many Muslims claims that the existence of such information in
the Koran in the C7th AD can only be explained by accepting a
Divine origin of the Koran and the truth of Islam.
Magellan and Copernicus
LHS: Magellan (top) & Copernicus (bottom)
Some Muslims like to claims that the Koran
foretold the Earth is a sphere in the C7th,
thus proving its Divine origin.
According to these claims, nobody knew
that the World was a sphere until 1522
when the survivors of Ferdinand Magellan's
expedition arrived back in Spain after
sailing around the World.
It is also claimed by some that nobody knew
of the Earths rotation every 24 hours until
Copernicus published his Heliocentric theory
in 1543.

Surah 31:29 Checking the translation 1
Pickthall “Hast thou not seen how Allah causeth the night to pass into
the day and causeth the day to pass into the night, and hath subdued
the Sun and the Moon. (to do their work)”
Yusuf Ali “Seest thou not that God merges night into day and he merges
day into night; that he has subjected the Sun, and the Moon. (to his law)”
Hilali-Khan “See you not (O Muhammad SAW) that Allah merges the
night into the day (i.e. the decrease in the hours of the night are added in
the hours of the day), and merges the day into the night (i.e. the
decrease in the hours of day are added in the hours of night), and has
subjected the Sun and the Moon.”
Shakir “Do you not see that Allah makes the night to enter into the day,
and he makes the day to enter into the night, and He has made the Sun
and the Moon subservient. (to you)”

Sher Ali “Seest thou not that Allah makes the night pass into the day
and makes the day pass into the night, and he has pressed the Sun
and the Moon into service.”
Khalifa “Do you not realize that God merges the night into the day
and merges the day into the night, and that he has committed the
Sun and the Moon in your service.”
Arberry “Hast thou not seen how that God makes the night to enter
into the day and makes the day to enter into the night. and he has
Palmer “Dost thou not see that God joins on the night to the day,
and joins on the day to the night, and has subjected the Sun and the
Moon.”

Rodwell “Seest thou not that God causeth the night to come in upon
the day, and the day to come in upon the night? and that he hath
subjected the Sun and the Moon
Sale “Dost thou not see that God causeth the night to succeed the
day, and causeth the day to succeed the night, and compelleth the
Sun and the Moon to serve [you]?
Irving “Have you not seen how God wraps night up in daylight and
wraps daylight up in night? He regulates the Sun and Moon.”
Dawood “Do you not see how God causes the night to pass into the
day and the day to pass into the night?He has pressed the Sun and
the Moon into his service.”

Pickthall “He hath created the Heavens and the Earth with truth. He
maketh night to succeed day, and He maketh day to succeed night,
and He constraineth the Sun and the Moon to give service.”
Yusuf Ali “He created the Heavens and the Earth in true (proportions):
He makes the Night overlap the Day, and the Day overlap the Night:
He has subjected the Sun and the Moon. (to His law)”
Hilali-Khan “He has created the Heavens and the Earth with truth. He
makes the night to go in the day and makes the day to go in the night.
Shakir “He has created the Heavens and the Earth with the truth; He
makes the night cover the day and makes the day overtake the night,
and He has made the Sun and the Moon subservient.”

Sher Ali “He created the Heavens and the Earth in accordance with the
requirements of wisdom. He makes the night to cover the day, and He
makes the day to cover the night; and he has pressed the Sun and the
Moon into service.”
Khalifa “He created the Heavens and the Earth truthfully. He rolls the
night over the day, and rolls the day over the night. He committed the Sun
and the Moon.”
Rodwell “For truth hath he created the Heavens and the Earth: It is of him
that the night returneth upon the day and that the day returneth upon the
night: and he controlleth the Sun and the Moon.”
Sale “He hath created the Heavens and the Earth with truth: He causeth
the night to succeed the day, and he causeth the day to succeed the
night, and he obligeth the Sun and the Moon to perform their services.”

Rodwell “For truth hath he created the Heavens and the Earth: It is
of him that the night returneth upon the day and that the day
returneth upon the night: and He controlleth the Sun and the Moon.”
Sale “He hath created the Heavens and the Earth with truth: He
causeth the night to succeed the day, and he causeth the day to
succeed the night, and he obligeth the Sun and the Moon to
perform their services.”
Irving “He has created Heaven and Earth for truth. He wraps night
up in daytime, and wraps daytime up in night. He regulates the Sun
and Moon.”
Dawood “It was to reveal the truth that he created the Heavens and
the Earth. He caused the night to succeed the day and the day to
overtake the night. He made the Sun and the Moon obedient to
him.”

Response to Claim 32 (Surah 31:29/39:5 )
1. Its is not true to claim that the spherical shape of the Earth was
unknown in the C7th AD.
2. The ancient Greeks proposed that the Earth was a sphere in the
C6th BC.All educated Greeks and Romans after around 300 BC
were aware of the true shape of the Earth.Educated people in
Europe and the Middle East never lost this knowledge.
3. However, Surahs 31:29 & 39:5 do not imply that the Earth must
be a sphere.
4. All that these verses are saying that the hours of light gradually
decrease during the evening and gradually increase in the
morning.The Koran is saying that daylight does not suddenly
switch on & off like a light bulb.
5. Even on a Flat Earth with a moving Sun this would still occur.

Discovery of the Spherical Earth
The Ancient Greek

Philosopher, Pythagoras
(570BC - 490 BC) proposed
that the Earth was a sphere
2500 years ago

Aristotle and the Spherical Earth
The Ancient Greek

Philosopher, Aristotle
(384 BC – 322 BC)
popularised the idea that
that the Earth was a sphere

Eratosthenes and the Spherical Earth
The Philosopher, Eratosthenes

(276 BC-194 BC)
worked out a method to
accurately measure the size
of the Earth.

Crates and the Spherical Earth
Left: Modern interpretation

of an Ancient Greek Globe.
The Philosopher,
Crates of Mallus
(Second Century BC)
is said to have constructed
a Globe to show the
whole World.

Ptolemy and the
Spherical Earth
Around AD150, the Greek Philosopher Ptolemy summarised the work

of many earlier Greek Scientists.Ptolemy imagined a spherical Earth
fixed in the centre of the Universe with the Sun and Planets moving
around it.
Candle representing
the Sun
Try this
Experiment
If you try this experiment
in a dark room and move
Table representing the
the candle around the
Flat Earth of the Koran.
table, the light levels on
the tables surface will
gradually increase
and decrease just like
night & day.
The Earth does not have

to be a sphere for this
to occur.

The Sun & Earth according to the Koran
The Sun is just a little
light moving in the Sky
Flat Earth – Like the surface of a table
Setting Place Rising Place

Claim 32 (Surah 31:29 / 39:5 ) - Conclusion
1. There is nothing remarkable about somebody in the C7th AD

knowing that the Earth was a sphere.
2. However, the Koran does not imply that the Earth is a sphere.
3. All these verses say is that daylight increases in the morning and
decreases during the night.
4. This gradual change does not necessarily imply that the Earth is a
sphere.
5. Even though educated people in Mohammed's time knew that the
Earth was a Sphere, there is no evidence that the author of the
Koran knew this.
6. This implies that the Koran is a human work written by a poorly
educated person such as Mohammed or his followers.

Claim 33 – The Koran says that
the Earth is Egg Shaped

Claim 33 Egg Shaped Earth
After that He smoothed out

the Earth. (in a circle)
Surah 79:30 Harun Yahya
The Earth is not a perfect

sphere and according to
some Muslims, this is
alluded to in the Koran.

Claim 33 Earth is Egg Shaped
1. According to this claim, the Koran alluded to the Earth not only
being a sphere 1400 years ago, but it also alluded to the Earth
being slightly Egg Shaped due to differing Polar and Equatorial
diameters.
3. This information was not known until centuries later it is

claimed.
5. How, we are asked could Mohammed have known this if God

had not told him?
7. Supporters of this claim say that this information in the Koran

proves its divine origin and the truth of Islam.

Surah 79:30 Checking the translation
Pickthall “And after that He spread the Earth.”
Yusuf Ali “And the Earth, moreover, hath He extended. (to a wide
expanse)”
Hilali-Khan “And after that He spread the Earth.”
Shakir “And the Earth, He expanded it after that.”
Sher Ali “And the Earth, along with it, He has spread forth.”
Khalifa “He made the Earth egg-shaped.”
Arberry “And the Earth-after that He spread it out.”
Palmer “And the Earth after that He did stretch out.”
Rodwell “And afterwards stretched forth the Earth.”
Sale After his he stretched out the Earth.”
Irving “And the Earth has He spread out besides.”
Dawood ”After that he spread the Earth.”

Surah 79:30 Egg shaped Earth?
Non Spherical Ostrich Egg “He made the Earth egg

shaped” - Khalifa
Some say that this verse

describes the Earth as a sphere.
There is said to be an allusion
to an ostrich egg which is
supposedly spherical.
But this is not an accurate

translation since eleven other
translations contradict it.
Besides this,the Earth is not
egg shaped.

Surah 79:26-31 In context
“Lo! herein is indeed a lesson for him who feareth
Are ye the harder to create, or is the Heaven that He built?
He raised the height thereof and ordered it; and He made dark
the night thereof, and He brought forth the morn thereof.
And after that He spread the Earth,
And produced therefrom the water thereof and the pasture
thereof”
Surah 79:26-31- Pickthall
Viewed in context, verse 30 is part of a description of God creating

the Universe.Firstly, God created Heaven or the Sky and then lifted
it up like a roof of a building. Next, he spread out Earth like a
flat floor.

Claim 33 Egg Shaped Earth
In reality, the Earth, while not

being a perfect sphere is so
close to being one that
the deviation cannot be seen.
Even if you were in Outer

Space & looking back at the
Earth, it would look like
a perfect sphere.
The Earth is nothing like the

shape of an Egg.

Claim 33 (Surah 79:30 ) - Conclusion
1. The Koran does not say that the Earth is Egg shaped.Such claims
are based on an inaccurate translation.
3. Even if the Koran did say that the Earth was Egg shaped, it would
be wrong.The Earths shape is nothing like an Egg.
5. This is an example of some Muslims rewriting verse of the Koran

in order to fabricate evidence to support their Religion.
7. This claim is a fraud whatever way you look at it.

Claim 34 – The Koran implies
that the Earth is a Sphere

Claim 34 Two East's and two West's
indicate a spherical Earth
“He is Lord of the two East's & Lord of the

two West's.”
Surah 55:17

Claim 34 Two East's and two West's
1. According to this claim, the Koran alluded to the Earth being a
sphere 1400 years ago.
2. When we observe the Sun setting in the West, a person on the
other side of the Earth will observe it rising in the East.
3. When we observe the Sun rising in the East, a person on the
other side of the Earth would observe it setting in the West.
4. Thus, there are said to be two East's and two West's alluding to
observers on opposite sides of a spherical Earth.
5. This information was not known until centuries later it is
claimed.
6. How, we are asked could Mohammed have known this if God
had not told him?
7. Supporters of this claim say that this information in the Koran
proves its Divine origin and the truth of Islam.

Pickthall “Lord of the two East's, and Lord of the two West's!”
Yusuf Ali (He is) Lord of the two East's and Lord of the two West's.”
Hilali-Khan “(He is) the Lord of the two East's (places of sunrise during
early summer and early winter) and the Lord of the two West's (places of
sunset during early summer and early winter).”
Shakir “Lord of the East and Lord of the West.”
Sher Ali “The Lord of the two East's and the Lord of the two West's.”
Khalifa “Lord of the two East's and the two West's.”
Arberry “Lord of the two East's, Lord of the two West's.”
Palmer “The Lord of the two East's and the Lord of the two West's!”
Rodwell “He is the Lord of the East, he is the Lord of the West.”
Sale “[He is] the Lord of the East, and the Lord of the West.”
Irving “Lord of both East's and Lord of both West's!”
Dawood “The lord of the two East’s is he and the Lord of the two
West's.”
The 2 East’s
What the two

East's & two
West's really
mean
The 2 West’s

Heraclius and Chosroes
Left: A Medieval
representation of the
Byzantine Emperor,
Heraclius (RHS) defeating
the Persian Emperor
Chroses (LHS) in a battle
during the lifetime of
Mohammed.
Both men would almost

certainly known that the
Earth was a sphere.

Surah 55:17 The 2 East's & 2 West's
This is probably how

Mohammed envisaged
the two East’s and the
two West’s
The 2 West’s The 2 East’s

1. The references to “two East’s” and “two West's “ does not imply
that the Earth is spherical.
3. Even if it did, there is nothing remarkable about such knowledge,

since it was known in the time of Mohammed.
5. The author of the Koran does not seem to know that the Earth is a
sphere despite this.
7. This is just another example of desperate Islamic Fundamentalists

grasping at straws to find evidence to support heir Religious
beliefs.

Claim 35: The Koran refers to
the rotation of the Earth

Claim 35 Rotation of the Earth
“You will see the mountains and

reckon them to be solid; but they go
past like clouds-the handiwork of
Allah who gives to everything its
solidity. He is aware of what
you do.”

Surah 27:88 Rotation of the Earth
1. According to this claim, the Koran alludes to the Earth’s

rotation over 900 years before Copernicus proposed it in
1543.
2. The reference to mountains passing is said to refer to
mountains on the Earths surface moving around with the
Earth as it rotates.
3. How, we are asked, could Mohammed have known such
information unless he received it from God?
4. Thus, we are told, the Koran has been proven to be of Divine
origin and Islam is true.
5. However, this is all nonsense.

Aristarchus
of Samos
Copernicus was not the first person to propose

That the Earth rotated. Aristarchus of Samos
(310 BC – ca. 230 BC) proposed this 2300
years ago but his ideas were not accepted.
However, this is not what the Koran is referring
to.

Pickthall “And thou seest the hills thou deemest solid flying with the
flight of clouds:
Yusuf Ali “Thou seest the mountains and thinkest them firmly fixed:
but they shall pass away as the clouds pass away:
Hilali-Khan “And you will see the mountains and think them solid, but
they shall pass away as the passing away of the clouds.
Shakir “And you see the mountains, you think them to be solid, and
they shall pass away as the passing away of the cloud
Sher Ali “And thou seest the mountains, which thou thinkest to be
firmly fixed, pass away as the clouds pass away
Khalifa “When you look at the mountains, you think that they are
standing still. But they are moving, like the clouds.

Arberry “And thou shalt see the mountains, that thou supposest fixed,
passing by like clouds
Palmer “And thou shalt see the mountains, which thou dost deem
solid, pass away like the passing of the clouds
Rodwell “And thou shalt see the mountains, which thou thinkest so
firm, pass away with the passing of a cloud!
Sale “And thou shalt see the mountains, and shalt think them firmly
fixed; but they shall pass away, even as the clouds pass away.
Irving “You will see the mountains, which you reckoned were solid,
slip away just as clouds slip away.”
Dawood “The mountains, firm though you might think them, will pass
away like clouds.”

Surah 27:88 God causes the Mountains
to pass away on Judgment Day
With Mountains This is what the “passing”
of mountains means.
The Koran says that the
mountains will be removed
by God at the End of the
World.
Without Mountains This has nothing to do with

mountains actually moving
in the present day.
Level Plain = Flat Earth See also: Surah 18:47 &
Surah 84:1-4

Surah 18:47 God will cause the Mountains
Pickthall “And (bethink you of) the Day when we remove the hills and
ye see the Earth emerging, and We gather them together so as to
leave not one of them behind.”
Yusuf Ali “One Day We shall remove the mountains, and thou wilt see
the Earth as a level stretch, and We shall gather them, all together, nor
shall We leave out any one of them.”
Hilali-Khan “And (remember) the Day We shall cause the mountains to
pass away (like clouds of dust), and you will see the Earth as a levelled
plain, and we shall gather them all together so as to leave not one of
them behind.”
Shakir “And the day on which We will cause the mountains to pass
away and you will see the Earth a levelled plain and We will gather
them and leave not any one of them behind.”

Surah 18:47 Continued
Sher Ali “And bethink of the day when we shall remove the mountains
and thou wilt see the nations of the Earth march forth against one
another and we shall gather them all together and shall not leave any
one of them behind.”
Khalifa “The day will come when we wipe out the mountains, and you
will see the Earth barren. We will summon them all, not leaving out a
single one of them.”
Arberry “And on the day We shall set the mountains in motion, and
thou seest the Earth coming forth, and We muster them so that We
leave not so much as one of them behind.”
Palmer “And the day when we will move the mountains, and thou
shalt see the (whole) Earth stalking forth; and we will gather them,
and will not leave one of them behind.”

Rodwell And call to mind the day when we will cause the mountains to
pass away, and thou shalt see the Earth a levelled plain, and we will
gather mankind together, and not leave of them any one.
Sale On a [certain] day we will cause the mountains to pass away,
and thou shalt see the Earth appearing plain [and even]; and we will
gather [mankind] together, and we will not leave any one of them
behind
Irving “Some day We shall set the mountains travelling along and you
will see the Earth lying exposed”
Dawood “Tell of the day when we shall blot out the mountains and
make Earth a barren waste.”

• The Ancient Greek Philosopher Aristarchus proposed that the

Earth rotates in the C3rd BC, 900 years before Mohammed and
1700 years before Copernicus.
• However, the Koran does not refer to the Earths rotation.The
references to the mountains “passing” refers to them passing
away (being removed) and not passing by.
• This verse refers to God removing the Earths Mountains at the
End of the World sometime in the future and not in the present
day.
• Interpreting this verse as a supposed reference to the Earths
rotation is based on taking it out of context and distorting the
meaning.
• This is another example of distorting the Koran to support extreme
Religious beliefs.

Claim 36 – The Koran correctly says
that there are seven layers in the
Earths atmosphere

Claim 36 Seven Layers
of the Atmosphere
According to this claim, the Koran referred to
the existence of seven layers in the Earths
atmosphere 1400 years ago when it speaks of
“Seven Heavens”
These layers were only discovered in the C20th.

How, we are asked, could Mohammed have
known this 1400 years before modern science,
unless God had told him?
According to this claim, such scientific

fore-knowledge proves the Divine authorship
of the Koran.

Claim 36 Seven Layers of the
Atmosphere
“It is He Who created everything on the Earth for you and then directed
His attention up to Heaven and arranged it into seven regular Heavens.
He has knowledge of all things.” Surah 2:29 Harun Yahya
“Then He turned to Heaven when it was smoke. In two days He

determined them as seven heavens and revealed, in every heaven, its
own mandate.” Surah 41:11-12 Harun Yahya
“He Who created the seven Heavens in layers… “

“Do you not see how He created seven Heavens in layers?


Response to Claim 36 (Multiple Surahs )
1. The “Seven Heavens” of the Koran cannot possibly be a

reference to the layers of the atmosphere since this would
contradict Surah 37:6 which says that the Stars are in the lowest
of the Seven Heavens & only a few miles away. This is nonsense.
3. According to the Koran and Hadith, the Seven Heavens are

where God and his Angels live.Good Muslims go there when they
die.
5. The Sky above our heads is the floor of the lowest level of the
Seven Heavens.
7. Each Heaven is associated with a particular Prophet and God is

above the Seventh or highest Heaven.
Surah 37:6 Stars in Lowest Heaven
According to the
Koran, the Stars
are just little
lights attached to
lowest Heaven.
If the Seven
Heavens refer to
the Atmosphere,
then the Stars are
only a few miles
away. This is
absurd.

Pickthall “Lo! We have adorned the lowest Heaven with an ornament,

the planets.”
Yusuf Ali “We have indeed decked the lower Heaven with beauty (in) the
stars.”
Hilali-Khan “Verily! We have adorned the near Heaven with the stars (for
beauty).”
Shakir “Surely We have adorned the nearest Heaven with an adornment,
the stars.”
Sher Ali “We have adorned the lowest Heaven with an adornment - the
Khalifa “We have adorned the lowest Heaven with adorning planets.”

Arberry “We have adorned the lower Heaven with the adornment of the
Stars.”
Palmer “Verily, we have adorned the lower Heaven with the adornment
of the Stars.”
Rodwell “We have adorned the lower Heaven with the adornment of the
Stars.”
Sale “We have adorned the lower Heaven with the ornament of the
Stars.”
Irving “We have beautified the worldly Sky with the splendour of Stars .”
Dawood “We have decked the lower Heaven with Constellations.”

7
Surah 17:1
6
5
Mohammed in the
4
Seven Heavens
3 This traditional Islamic
painting shows Mohammed
2 visiting the seven Heavens
which are up in the Sky
1
These are portrayed as seven
solid layers in the Sky where
good Muslims go when they
die.The Hadith and Koran
support this view of seven
Heavens

Mohammed ascends to the 7 Heavens
Al-Bukhari Volume 4 Book 54 Number 429
Al-Buraq, a white animal, smaller than a mule and bigger than a donkey was
brought to me and I set out with Gabriel. When I reached the nearest heaven.
Gabriel said to the heaven gate-keeper, 'Open the gate.' The gatekeeper asked,
'Who is it?' He said, 'Gabriel.' The gate-keeper,' Who is accompanying you?'
Gabriel said, 'Muhammad.' The gate-keeper said, 'Has he been called?' Gabriel
said, 'Yes.' Then it was said, 'He is welcomed. What a wonderful visit his is!' Then I
met Adam and greeted him and he said, 'You are welcomed O son and a Prophet.'
Then we ascended to the second heaven. It was asked, 'Who is it?' Gabriel said,
'Gabriel.' It was said, 'Who is with you?' He said, 'Muhammad' It was asked, 'Has
he been sent for?' He said, 'Yes.' It was said, 'He is welcomed. What a wonderful
visit his is!" Then I met Jesus and Yahya (John) who said, 'You are welcomed, O
brother and a Prophet.'
Then we ascended to the third heaven. It was asked, 'Who is it?' Gabriel said,
'Gabriel.' It was asked, 'Who is with you? Gabriel said, 'Muhammad.' It was asked,
'Has he been sent for?' 'Yes,' said Gabriel. 'He is welcomed. What a wonderful visit
his is!' (The Prophet added:). There I met Joseph and greeted him, and he replied,
'You are welcomed, O brother and a Prophet!' (Continued on next slide)
Mohammed ascends to the 7 Heavens
Al-Bukhari Volume 4 Book 54 Number 429 (Continued from previous slide)
Then we ascended to the 4th heaven and again the same questions and
answers were exchanged as in the previous heavens. There I met Idris and
greeted him. He said, 'You are welcomed O brother and Prophet.'
answers were exchanged as in previous heavens. there I met and greeted
Aaron who said, 'You are welcomed O brother and a Prophet".
answers were exchanged as in the previous heavens. There I met and greeted
Moses who said, 'You are welcomed O brother and. a Prophet.' When I
proceeded on, he started weeping and on being asked why he was weeping, he
said, 'O Lord! Followers of this youth who was sent after me will enter Paradise
in greater number than my followers.'
Then we ascended to the seventh heaven and again the same questions and
answers were exchanged as in the previous heavens. There I met and greeted
Abraham who said, 'You are welcomed o son and a Prophet.' Then I was shown
Al-Bait-al-Ma'mur (i.e. Allah's House).

Seven Heavens above the Earth
Al-Tirmidhi 5735
He then asked, "Do you know what is above you?" On their replying that
Allah and His Messenger (peace be upon him) knew best, he said, "It is the
firmament, a ceiling which is guarded and waves which are kept back." He
then asked, "Do you know what is between you and it?" On their replying
that Allah and His Messenger (peace be upon him) knew best, he said,
"Between you and it are five hundred years." He then asked, "Do you knew
what is above that?" On their replying that Allah and His Messenger (peace
be upon him) best he said, "Two heavens with a distance of five hundred
years between them." He went on speaking like that till he counted seven
heavens, the distance between each pair being like between Heaven and
Earth. He then asked, "Do you know what is above that?" On their replying
that Allah and His Messenger (peace be upon him) knew best, he said,
"Above that is the Throne, and the distance between it and the (seventh)
heaven is the same as that between each pair of heavens."
7
6
Names of the
5 Seven Heavens
4
3 The Seven Heavens of Islam

Number Name Description
2 1st Heaven Rafi' (‫ع( یرف‬ Heaven of Adam

2nd Heaven Qaydum (‫دوم( یق‬ Heaven of John
1 3rd Heaven Marum (‫)ماروم‬ Heaven of Joseph
4th Heaven Arfalun (‫)أرفللللللون‬ Heaven of Idris
5th Heaven Hay'oun (‫)هيللعلون‬ Heaven of Aaron
6th Heaven Arous (‫)عروس‬ Heaven of Moses
7th Heaven Ajma' (‫)عجماء‬ Heaven of Abraham
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seven_Heavens

Claim 36 (Multiple Surahs ) - Conclusion
1. The Seven Heavens cannot be layers of the atmosphere since this

contradicts, the Koran,Hadith and modern Science.
3. The Seven Heavens are mythical places in the Sky where dead
people are supposed to be, along with God and his Angels.
5. Instead of being in accord with modern Science, the concept of

Seven Heavens shows the Koran to be in error and a book of
Human origin.

Claim 37 – The Koran correctly
mentions how the air gets thinner with
altitude

Claim 37 Thin air higher up
“...And whomever he wills

to send astray, he makes
his bosom narrow &
strained as if he was
ascending into the sky.”
Surah 6:125
According to this claim, the

Koran miraculously predicted
that the air gets thinner
with height 1000 years
ahead of modern Science.

Evangelista Torricelli
The fact that the air gets thinner with

increasing altitude was not discovered
until AD1643 when Evangelista
Torricelli invented the Barometer.
Some Muslims claim that the Koran

referred to this phenomena over
1000 years before Torricelli.
This is claimed to be evidence of the

Divine origin of the Koran and the
truth of Islam.

Response to Claim 37 (Surah 6:125)
1. If the Koran is aware of the air getting thinner with altitude, why
didn't Mohammed wear a Space Suit when he went up into the
atmosphere and travelled through Outer Space?
3. Mohammed literally ascended to Heaven.It was not a dream

according to the Hadith. (Al-Bukhari Volume 5, Book 58, Number
228)
5. How are Angels able to use their wings to fly around between
Earth and Heaven if the air is so thin?
7. How come that Muslim Scientists, rather than Torricelli invent the
Barometer?

Surah 17:1
Mohammed
ascends to Heaven
The Koran says that Mohammed
ascended into Heaven on the
back of a magical animal called
Buraq.
However, Surah 37:6 says that

the lowest level of Heaven
contains the Stars & so
Mohammed supposedly travelled
interstellar Space without any
mention of a spacesuit.

Surah17:1Mohammed ascends to Heaven
Pickthall “Glorified be He Who carried His servant by night from the
Inviolable Place of Worship to the Far distant place of worship … that We
might show him of Our tokens!”
Yusuf Ali “Glory to (God) Who did take His servant for a Journey by night
from the Sacred Mosque to the farthest Mosque… in order that We might
show him some of Our Signs.”
Hilali-Khan “Glorified (and Exalted) be He (Allah) [above all that (evil) they
associate with Him] [Tafsir Qurtubi, Vol. 10, Page 204]
Shakir “Glory be to Him Who made His servant to go on a night from the
Sacred Mosque to the remote mosque … so that We may show to him
some of Our signs.”
Sher Ali “Glory be to Him who carried his servant by night from the Sacred
Mosque to the Distant Mosque… that we might show him some of our
signs.”
Khalifa “Most glorified is the One who summoned His servant (Muhammad)
during the night, from the Sacred Masjid (of Mecca) to the farthest place of
prostration… in order to show him some of our signs.”
Surah 17:1Continued
Arberry “Glory be to Him, who carried His servant by night from the Holy
Mosque to the Further Mosque … that We might show him some of Our
signs.”
Arberry “Celebrated be the praises of Him who took His servant a journey
by night from the Sacred Mosque, to the Remote Mosque… to show him of
our signs!”
Rodwell “Glory be to Him who carried his servant by night from the sacred
temple of Mecca to the temple that is more remote… that we might shew
him of our signs!”
Sale “Praise be unto him, who transported his servant by night, from the
sacred temple [of Mecca] to the farther temple … that we might shew him
[some] of our signs.”
Irving “Glory be to Him Who had His servant travel by night from the
hallowed Mosque to the Further Mosque … so we might show him some of
our signs!”
Dawood “Glory be to him who made his servant go by night from the
sacred temple to the further temple … that we might show him some of our
signs.”
3 September 2009
rd
12 - Koran Science & Cosmology (Pt 3) 71
Mohammed literally ascends to
Heaven from Jerusalem (Al-Bukhari )
Volume 5, Book 58, Number 228:
Narrated Ibn 'Abbas:
Regarding the Statement of Allah"
"And We granted the vision (Ascension to the heavens) which We
made you see (as an actual eye witness) was only made as a trial for
the people." (17.60)
Ibn Abbas added: The sights which Allah's Apostle was shown on the
Night Journey when he was taken to Bait-ulMaqdis (i.e. Jerusalem)
were actual sights, (not dreams). And the Cursed Tree (mentioned) in
the Quran is the tree of Zaqqum (itself) .


the planets.”
stars.”
beauty).”
the stars.”

Stars.”
of the Stars.”
Stars.”
Stars.”

Mohammed did not wear a Space Suit
Surah 37:6 says that the

Stars are in the lowest
Heaven – Outer Space.
This means that

Mohammed supposedly
travelled through Outer
Space to get to Heaven
without any Space Suit.
This is hardly consistent

with knowing that the
atmosphere gets thinner
with altitude.

Pickthall “And whomsoever it is Allah's will to guide, he expandeth his
bosom unto the surrender, and whomsoever it is his will to send astray,
he maketh his bosom close and narrow as if he were engaged in sheer
ascent.”
Yusuf Ali “Those whom God (in his plan) willeth to guide, - he openeth
their breast to Islam; those whom he willeth to leave straying, - he maketh
their breast close and constricted, as if they had to climb up to the skies.”
Hilali-Khan “And whomsoever Allah wills to guide, he opens his breast to
Islam, and whomsoever he wills to send astray, he makes his breast
closed and constricted, as if he is climbing up to the sky.”
Shakir “Therefore (for) whomsoever Allah intends that he would guide
him aright, he expands his breast for Islam, and (for) whomsoever he
intends that he should cause him to err, he makes his breast strait and
narrow as though he were ascending upwards.”

Sher Ali “So, whomsoever Allah intends to guide, he expands his bosom
for the acceptance of Islam; and whomsoever he intends that he should
go astray, he makes his bosom narrow and close, as though he was
mounting up into the skies”.
Khalifa “Whomever God wills to guide, he renders his chest wide open to
Submission. And whomever he wills to send astray, he renders his chest
intolerant and straitened, like one who climbs towards the sky.”
Arberry “Whomsoever God desires to guide, he expands his breast to
Islam; whomsoever he desires to lead astray, he makes his breast
narrow, tight, as if he were climbing to Heaven.”
Palmer “Whomsoever God wishes to guide, he expands his breast to
Islam; but whomsoever he wishes to lead astray, he makes his breast
tight and straight, as though he would mount up into Heaven.”

Rodwell “And whom God shall please to guide, that man's breast will
he open to Islam; but whom he shall please to mislead, strait and
narrow will he make his breast, as though he were mounting up into
the very Heavens!”
Sale “And whomsoever God shall please to direct, he will open his
breast to [receive the faith of] Islam: But whomsoever he shall please
to lead into error, he will render his breast strait [and] narrow, as
though he were climbing up to Heaven.”
Irving “God lays anyone's breast open to Islam whom He wants to
guide, while He makes the breast of anyone He wants to be led astray
seem cramped, tight, just as if he were climbing up to Heaven
Dawood “If God intends to guide a man, he opens his bosom to Islam.
But if he pleases to confound him, he makes his bosom small and
narrow as though he were climbing up to the Sky.”

Claim 37 (Surah 6:125) - Conclusion
1. The story of Mohammed ascending to Heaven implies that the
Koran does not know that the air gets thinner with altitude.
3. The reference to somebody's chest getting tighter as he climbs

upwards is more likely a reference to being out of breath due to the
physical effort of climbing upwards irrespective of what the
thickness of the air is.There is no reference to high altitude here.
5. The reference may also be speaking of the despair in a persons

heart when they contemplate trying to get to Heaven without God by
climbing up into the Sky.
7. Either way, there is no indication in the Koran that the air gets
thinner with altitude.

Claim 38 – The Koran refers to the
Atmosphere protecting us from
Meteors & the Solar Wind

Claim 38 Atmosphere protects against
Meteors & Solar wind
According to Harun Yahya &

others the Koran alludes to
how the Earths Atmosphere
protects us against meteors &
the Solar Wind.

Claim 38 Atmosphere protects Earth
from Meteors & Solar wind
“We made the sky a preserved & protected roof yet still they turn
away from Our signs. “
It is He Who made the Earth a couch for you, and the sky a dome. He
sends down water from the sky and by it brings forth fruits for your
provision. Do not, then, knowingly make others equal to Allah.
… He holds back the Heaven, preventing it from falling to the Earth-

except by His permission. Allah is All-Compassionate to humanity, Most
Merciful.
(Qur'an, 22:65)
Claim 38 Atmosphere protects Earth
from Meteors & Solar wind
1. This claim says that the Koran miraculously referred to the
way the Earths Atmosphere protects us from Meteors and the
Solar Wind.
2. The possibility of Meteors falling to Earth & the existence of
the Solar Wind were not proposed by Scientists until the
middle of the C19th.
3. How, we are asked, could Mohammed have known about
these things in the C7th AD?
4. The only answer, we are told, is that the Koran knows of such
things because it comes from God.
5. This, we are told (again), proves the truth of Islam.

Pickthall “And we have made the Sky a roof withheld (from them).
Yet they turn away from its portents.”
Yusuf Ali “And we have made the Heavens as a canopy well
guarded: yet do they turn away from the Signs which these things
(point to)!”
Hilali-Khan “And we have made the Heaven a roof, safe and well
guarded. Yet they turn away from its signs. (i.e. sun, moon, winds,
clouds, etc.)”
Shakir “And we have made the Heaven a guarded canopy and (yet)
they turn aside from its signs.”
Sher Ali “And we have made the Heaven a roof, well-protected, yet
they turn away from its Signs.”
Khalifa “And we rendered the Sky a guarded ceiling. Yet, they are
totally oblivious to all the portents therein”.

Arberry “And we set up the Heaven as a roof well-protected; yet still
from Our signs they are turning away.”
Palmer “And we made the Heaven a guarded roof; yet from our signs
they turn aside!”
Rodwell “And we made the Heaven a roof strongly upholden; yet turn
they away from its signs.”
Sale “And we made the Heaven a roof well supported. Yet they turn
aside from the signs thereof, [not considering that they are the
workmanship of [God].”
Irving “We have placed the Sky as a roof which is held up even
though they shun its signs!”
Dawood “We spread the Heaven like a Canopy and provided it with
strong supports : yet of its signs they are heedless!”

Pickthall “Who hath appointed the Earth a resting-place for you, and
the Sky a canopy; and causeth water to pour down from the Sky.”
Yusuf Ali “Who has made the Earth your couch, and the Heavens
your canopy; and sent down rain from the Heavens.”
Hilali-Khan “Who has made the Earth a resting place for you, and the
Sky as a canopy, and sent down water (rain) from the Sky.”
Shakir “Who made the Earth a resting place for you and the Heaven
a canopy and (who) sends down rain from the cloud.”
Sher Ali “Who made the Earth a bed for you, and the Heaven a roof,
and caused water to come down from the clouds.”
Khalifa “The one who made the Earth habitable for you, and the Sky
a structure. He sends down from the Sky water.”

Arberry “Who assigned to you the Earth for a couch, and Heaven for
an edifice, and sent down out of Heaven water.”
Palmer “Who made the Earth for you a bed and the Heaven a dome;
and sent down from Heaven water.”
Rodwell “Who hath made the Earth a bed for you, and the Heaven a
covering, and hath caused water to come down from Heaven.”
Sale “Who hath spread the Earth as a bed for you, and the Heaven
as a covering, and hath caused water to descend from Heaven.”
Irving “[He is] the one who has made the Earth a carpet for you and
had the Sky built above you, and sent water to pour down from the
Sky.”
Dawood “Who has made the Earth a bed for you and the Sky a dome
and has sent down water from the Sky.”

Pickthall “And he holdeth back the Heaven from falling on the Earth
unless by his leave. Lo! Allah is, for mankind, full of pity, merciful.”
Yusuf Ali “He withholds the sky (rain) from falling on the earth except by
his leave: for God is most kind and most merciful to man.”
Hilali-Khan “He withholds the Heaven from falling on the Earth except by
his Leave. Verily, Allah is, for mankind, full of kindness, most merciful.”
Shakir “And he withholds the Heaven from falling on the Earth except
with his permission; most surely Allah is compassionate, merciful to
men.”
Sher Ali “And he holds back the Heaven lest it should fall on the Earth
save by his leave. Surely, Allah is compassionate and merciful to
people.”
Khalifa “He prevents the Heavenly bodies from crashing onto the Earth,
except in accordance with his command. God is most kind towards the
people, most merciful.”
Arberry “And he holds back Heaven lest it should fall upon the Earth,
save by his leave? Surely God is all-gentle to men, all-compassionate.”
Palmer “And he holds back the Sky from falling on the Earth save at His
bidding? verily, God to men is gracious, merciful.”
Rodwell “And He holdeth back the Heaven that it fall not on the Earth,
unless he permit it! for God is right gracious to mankind, merciful.”
Sale “And he with-holdeth the Heaven that it fall not on the Earth, unless
by his permission: For God [is] gracious unto mankind, [and] merciful.“
Irving “He holds back the Sky from falling down on the Earth except with
his permission. God is so gentle, merciful towards mankind.”
Dawood “He holds the Sky from falling down upon the Earth: this it shall
not do save by his own leave.Compassionate is God and merciful to
mankind.”

Response to Claim 38 (Multiple Surahs)
1. The Koran makes no reference to Meteors or the Solar Wind.
2. Yusuf Ali insertion of the word “rain” in brackets in Surah 22:65 is
not in the original Arabic.It is just an attempt to conceal an
absurdity. (The possibility of the Sky falling)
3. Khalifa’s reference to “Heavenly bodies” is contradicted by the
other 11 translations.It is not accurate.
4. Surah 21:32 compares the Sky to a Dome or Roof, suggesting
that it is solid.
5. Surah 21:32 refers to a guarded roof, but this refers to the
guarding of Heaven by Angels who keep out the Djinn who try
and climb up there. (Surah 67:5 &72:8)
6. Surah 67:5 & 72:8 also say that Meteors are missiles that Angels
throw at the Djinn when they try and climb up to Heaven in the
Sky.Obviously, the Koran has no understanding of what Meteors
really are.

Imam Ali battles
the Evil Djinn
Ali was the Son in law
& Cousin of Mohammed.
He is highly revered by
Shia Muslims.
According to the Koran, one

of the main purposes of
the Stars is for use as
ammunition by Angels.
when Djinn try and climb up
to Heaven, the Angels
throw Stars at them.

Stars are little lights on the floor of
Heaven according to the Koran
The Koran implies

that Heaven is a
place up in the Sky
above the Stars

Surah 67:5 Stars used as missiles for
driving off Devils from Heaven
Pickthall “& verily We have beautified the world's Heaven with lamps, & We
have made them missiles for the devils.”
Yusuf Ali “& we have, (from of old), adorned the lowest Heaven with Lamps,
& We have made such (Lamps) (as) missiles to drive away the Evil Ones.”
Hilali-Khan “& indeed We have adorned the nearest Heaven with lamps, &
We have made such lamps (as) missiles to drive away the Shayatin. (devils)”
Shakir “& certainly We have adorned this lower Heaven with lamps & We
have made these missiles for the Shaitans.”
Sher Ali “& verily, We have adorned the lowest Heaven with lamps, and We
have made them the means of driving away satans.”
Khalifa “We adorned the lowest Universe with lamps, and guarded its
borders with projectiles against the devils.”
More biased translation by Khalifa.He is out of step with the other 11

translations.He has inaccurately translated “Heaven” as “Universe.”
Arberry “And We adorned the lower Heaven with lamps, and made them
things to stone Satans.”
Palmer “And we have adorned the lower Heaven with lamps; and set
them to pelt the devils with.”
Rodwell “Moreover we have decked the lowest Heaven with lights, and
have placed them there to be hurled at the Satan.”
Sale “Moreover we have adorned the lowest Heaven with lamps, and
have appointed them to be darted at the devils.”
Irving “We have decorated the nearest Sky with lamps. We have placed
them as missiles directed towards the devils.”
Dawood “We have adorned the lowest Heaven with lamps, missiles to
pelt the devils with.”

Surah 72:8-10 Meteors thrown at Djinn
Pickthall “And (the Jinn who had listened to the Qur'an said): We had sought the
Heaven but had found it filled with strong warders and meteors … But he who
listeneth now findeth a flame in wait for him.”
Yusuf Ali “'And we pried into the secrets of Heaven; but we found it filled with
stern guards and flaming fires … but any who listen now will find a flaming fire
watching him in ambush.”
Hilali-Khan “'And we have sought to reach the Heaven; but found it filled with
stern guards and flaming fires … but any who listens now will find a flaming fire
watching him in ambush.”
Shakir “And that we sought to reach Heaven, but we found it filled with strong
guards and flaming stars … but he who would (try to) listen now would find a
flame lying in wait for him.”
Sher Ali “`And we sought to reach Heaven, but we found it filled with strong
guards and shooting stars … But whoso listens now finds a shooting star in
ambush for him.”
Khalifa “`We touched the Heaven and found it filled with formidable guards and
projectiles … Anyone who listens is pursued by a powerful projectile.”

Surah 72:8-10 Continued
Arberry “And we stretched towards Heaven, but we found it filled with terrible
guards and meteors … but any listening now finds a meteor in wait for him.
Palmer "'But we touched the Heavens and found them filled with a mighty guard
and shooting-stars … but whoso of us listens now finds a shooting-star for him
Rodwell “And the Heavens did we essay, but found them filled with a mighty
garrison, and with flaming darts … but whoever listeneth findeth an ambush
ready for him of flaming darts.”
Sale “And we [formerly] attempted [to pry into what was transacting in] Heaven;
but we found the same filled with a strong guard [of angels], and with flaming
darts … but whoever listeneth now, findeth a flame laid in ambush for him, [to
guard the celestial confines].”
Irving “We reached out for Heaven and found it staffed with stern guards and
shooting stars … though anyone who eavesdrops now finds a shooting star
lurking there for him.”
Dawood “We made our way to the high Heaven and found it filled with mighty
wardens and fiery comets …. but eavesdroppers find comets lying in wait for
them.”

Angels guarding
Heaven against
the Evil Djinn
Angels guard Heaven against

the Evil Djinn who try to climb
up to it.
The Koran says that Meteors

are Stars that Angels use
as missiles to throw at
the Djinn.

The Sky is described as a Barrier to
control the Djinn
Many verses of
the Koran
Barrier of the Sky describe the Sky
as being barrier
to prevent the
Djinn or Genies
from climbing
up to Heaven.
This suggests
a belief in a solid
Sky.

Keeping the Djinn out of Heaven
Heaven
Solid Barrier
Djinn
Djinn Djinn
Earth
According to the Koran, one of the functions of the Sky is to act as

a barrier to keep the Djinn from climbing up to Heaven. This implies
that the Sky is solid.

Surah 37:6 Stars attached to firmament
According to the
Koran, the Stars
are just little
lights attached to
the solid Sky.
Surah 81:1-2 says

that the Stars
will eventually fall
to the ground.

Surah 37:6 Stars embedded in Firmament

the planets.”
stars.”
beauty).”
the stars.”

Stars.”
of the Stars.”
Stars.”
Stars.”

Surah 22:65 The Sky might fall 1
The Koran refers to the

possibility of the Sky falling.
This implies a belief in a
solid Sky or Firmament.
Such a belief is similar to

of the story of Chicken
Little.

Surah 22:65 The Sky might fall 2
Left: Chicken
Little after being
struck by a piece
of the Sky that
has fallen down.
The Koran
implies that the
Sky is solid & that
this is a very
real possibility.

Claim 38 (Multiple Surahs) - Conclusion
1. The Koran does not understand what Meteors are and does not
refer to the Solar wind.
2. The Koran says that the Sky is a solid Dome and that the Stars
are little lights imbedded in it.
3. These Stars are used as missiles by Angels who throw them at
the Djinn who try and climb up to Heaven.
4. The reference to bits of Heaven falling refer to the possibility of a
piece of the solid Sky Dome falling to Earth.
5. All of this is totally contrary to modern Science and is the sort of
thing that a man like Mohammed may have imagined.
6. These verses contain huge Scientific errors and prove that the
Koran does not come from God.

Claim 39 Atmosphere characteristics

Claim 39 The
Returning Sky
[I swear] by heaven which

returns.
This is said to be a reference to

three features of the Earths
atmosphere.

Claim 39 The Returning Sky
1. According to this claim, the Koran referred to certain special
characteristics of the Atmosphere 1400 years ago.
2. These are the Troposphere facilitating condensation, the
Ozonosphere blocking Cosmic Rays and the Ionosphere
reflecting Radio Waves.
3. These phenomena were only discovered in the C20th, but the
Koran is said to refer to them 1400 years ago.
4. Mohammed could not possibly have known these things
unless God had told him.
5. Some Muslims claim that such Scientific foreknowledge
proves the Divine Authorship of the Koran

Pickthall “By the Heaven which giveth the returning rain”
Yusuf Ali “By the Firmament which returns (in its round)”
Hilali-Khan “By the Sky (having rain clouds) which gives rain, again
and again.”
Shakir “I swear by the rain-giving Heavens”
Sher Ali “By the cloud which gives rain repeatedly.”
Khalifa “By the Sky that returns (the water).”
Arberry “By Heaven of the returning rain.”
Palmer “By the Heaven that sends back the rain!”
Rodwell “I swear by the Heaven which accomplisheth its cycle.”
Sale “By the Heaven which returneth [the rain]”
Irving “By the sky with its cycle.”
Dawood “By the Heaven with its recurring cycles.”

The Returning Sky
This is what the “Returning

Sky” really means.
Rainfall in the Arabian

peninsula is seasonal.
Summer and Autumn are

very dry and then in the
Winter, the rain returns.

1. This verse says nothing about the special properties of

various layers of the Earths atmosphere.
2. Such an interpretation involves reading things into the words
that are not there.
3. The “Returning Sky” is merely a reference to seasonal
rainfall which occurs in winter and spring in the Arabian
peninsula.
4. There is nothing remarkable about this verse which is merely
referring to the weather.
5. Islamic Fundamentalists have distorted the meaning of this
verse in a desperate attempt to prove their extreme Religious
beliefs.

Claim 40 Atmospheric depletion

Claim 40 Atmospheric Depletion by
Solar Wind
“… Don't they see how

We come to the land
eroding it from its
extremities?…”
Surah 21:44

Claim 40 Atmospheric Depletion by
Solar Wind
1. This verse is said to allude to the Earths Atmosphere being slowly
stripped away by the Solar Wind.
3. This discovery was only made in the C20th.
5. Some Muslims will then say that Mohammed could not have known
about this 1400 years ago.
7. Then they will claim that such advanced Scientific knowledge in a

1400 year old book can only be due to Divine Revelation.
9. Therefore, it is argued, Islam must logically be true.

Pickthall “Nay, but We gave these and their fathers ease until life
grew long for them. See they not how we aim to the land, reducing it
of its outlying parts? Can they then be the victors?”
Yusuf Ali “Nay, We gave the good things of this life to these men and
their fathers until the period grew long for them; See they not that We
gradually reduce the land (in their control) from its outlying borders?
Is it then they who will win?”
Hilali-Khan “Nay, We gave the luxuries of this life to these men and
their fathers until the period grew long for them. See they not that We
gradually reduce the land (in their control) from its outlying borders?
Is it then they who will overcome.”
Shakir “Nay, We gave provision to these and their fathers until life
was prolonged to them. Do they not then see that We are visiting the
land, curtailing it of its sides? Shall they then prevail?”

Sher Ali “Nay, we provided those and their fathers with the good
things of this world till life grew long for them. Do they not see that we
are visiting the land, reducing it from its outlying borders? Can they
even then be the victors?”
Khalifa “We have provided for these people and their ancestors, up
until an old age. Do they not see that every day on earth brings them
closer to the end? Can they reverse this process?”
Arberry “Nay, but Ourselves gave these and their fathers enjoyment
of days, until their life had lasted long while upon them. What, do they
not see how We come to the land, diminishing it in its extremities? Or
are they the victors?”
Palmer “Nay, but we have granted enjoyment to these men and to
their fathers whilst life was prolonged. Do they not see that we come
to the land and shorten its borders? Shall they then prevail?”

Rodwell “Yes! we have given these men and their fathers enjoyments
so long as their life lasted. What! see they not that we come to a land
and straiten its borders Is it they who are the conquerors?”
Sale “But we have permitted these [men] and their fathers to enjoy
[worldly prosperity], so long as life was continued unto them. Do they
not perceive that we come unto the land [of the unbelievers, and]
straiten the borders thereof? Shall they therefore be the
conquerors?”
Irving “Rather We have let such persons and their forefathers enjoy
themselves until life seems to last too long for them. Do they not see
how We come to the earth to clip it off along its borders? Will they
turn out to be the winners?”
Dawood “Yet have we indulged them and their fathers so that they
have lived too long.Can they not see how we invade their land and
diminish its borders? Is it they who will triumph?”
Claim 40 Response
1. If you look at the verse in context, you will see that it is addressed to
a group of people who have displeased God despite his past
generosity to them.
3. This Surah is thought to date from Mohammed's time in Medina and

so it is likely a criticism of his enemies in Mecca, the Quraysh tribe.
5. The reference to diminishing land most likely refers to the forces of

Mohammed gradually encroaching of the territory of the Quraysh as
they gradually close in on Mecca in the years leading up to its
conquest in AD630.

Mohammed flees Mecca (The Hijra)
In AD 622
Mohammed
was forced
to flee from
Mecca by
his enemies
& he sought
refuge in the
City of
Medina.
This is the starting point for the Islamic Calendar.

Mohammed preaching to followers in
Medina
Left: While in Medina, Mohammed
gained a lot of followers & became the
leader of the City.
War soon erupted between Medina &

the Quraysh who controlled Mecca.
Surah 21:44 refers to how

Mohammed's forces in Medina
gradually gained the upper hand
& conquered the outlying regions
of Quraysh territory

Mohammed returns to Mecca in triumph.
In 630 AD
Mohammed
conquered
the Quraysh
and entered
Mecca

1. This verse says nothing about the Solar Wind or the Earths
atmosphere.
3. The reference to land eroding refers to the way in which

Mohammed's enemies in Mecca, the Quraysh gradually lost
control of the outer parts of their territory to the Muslims of
Medina before their final defeat by Mohammed when he
conquered Mecca in AD630.
5. Interpreting this verse as an allusion to atmospheric

depletion takes it totally out of context and it is\complete
nonsense.

Claim 41 Ozone layer depletion

Claim 41 Ozone Layer depletion
“Until, when he came to the

rising of the sun, he found
it rising on a people for
whom we had provided no
covering protection against
the sun.”
Surah 18:90
This reference to people not

being protected is said to
refer to the Ozone hole.

Claim 41 Ozone Layer Depletion
1. This claim is really an alleged prophecy concerning a
Scientific matter.
3. Some Muslims claim that the Koran referred to the hole in the
Ozone layer 1400 years ago.
5. Believers in this claim say that Mohammed could not have

predicted such things unless God told him about them via
Divine Revelation.
7. Supporters of this claim argue that such information in the

Koran proves its Divine origin and the truth of their Religion.

Surah 18:89-90 Checking the translation 1
Pickthall “Then he followed a road till, when he reached the rising-

place of the Sun …”
Yusuf “Ali Then followed he (another) way, until, when he came to
the rising of the Sun …”
Hilali-Khan “Then he followed another way until, when he came to
the rising place of the Sun …”
Shakir “Then he followed (another) course until when he reached the
land of the rising of the Sun …”
Sher Ali “Then indeed he followed another way. until he reached the
rising-place of the Sun …”
Khalifa “Then he pursued another way when he reached the far
east…”

Surah 18:89 – 90 Checking the translation 1
Arberry “Then he followed a way until when he reached the rising of

the Sun.”
Palmer “Then he followed a way until when he reached the rising of
the Sun.”
Rodwell “Then followed he a route, until when he reached the rising
of the Sun.”
Sale “Then he continued [his] way until he came to the place where
the Sun riseth.”
Irving “Then he followed [another] course until when he reached the
place where the Sun rises.”
Dawood “He then journeyed along another road until he reached the
East and saw the Sun rising.”

Claim 41(Surah 18:90 ) Response
1. The Ozone Layer is not mentioned in Surah 18:90 or
anywhere else in the Koran.
3. The hole in the Ozone Layer only began in the late C20th.
Surah 18:90 refers to things that were already in the past in
the C7th AD and not to future events.
5. The holes in the Ozone Layer are at the Polar regions in the
North and South.Surah 18:85-90 indicates that the traveller
was travelling East towards the direction of Sunrise and not
North or South.

Ptolemy & Copernicus
Nowadays, when people speak of
“Sunrise” & “Sunset” they do not mean it
literally.
However, before Copernicus (Bottom LHS)
published his Heliocentric Theory in 1543,
everyone did take them literally including
Muslims.
Before AD1543, everyone accepted the views
of Ptolemy (Top LHS) the C2nd AD Greek
Astronomer who believed in a stationary Earth
& a moving Sun in orbit around it.
The Koran wrongly agrees with Ptolemy & not
Copernicus.

Surah 18:89 - 90 Rising place of the
Sun
The Sun rises
up out of a
muddy pool
of water in the
East.
The Koran
describes this
as being a
specific place
that people
can go to

Apollo rising from the sea at Dawn.
The story in the Koran about the Sun rising from the sea
resembles the story in Greek Mythology about Apollo causing
Sunrise by rising out of the Eastern Sea.
1. This verse says nothing about the Ozone layer.Such a concept is
not mentioned in the Koran.
3. The verse is not referring to the present day or the Polar regions
where the holes in the Ozone Layer are.
5. This verse refers incorrectly to the Sun moving above a

Stationary Earth implying a belief in a Geocentric Cosmology that
was accepted during the time of Mohammed.
7. The idea that the Sun rises at a particular place is absurd and
implies a belief in a Flat Earth.
9. No verses referring to such ideas could possibly be of Divine

origin.
Claim 42 Mountains provide stability

". . . the mountains, how they have been pitched (like a tent).
The Earth how it was made even."
Surah 88:19-20 Bucaille/Harun Yahya (See also Surah 16:15 & 21:31))
"Have We not made the Earth an expanse and the mountains stakes."
Surah 78:6-7 Bucaille/Harun Yahya
"And the mountains (God) has fixed them firmly."

Surah 78:6-7 Bucaille/Harun Yahya
"(God) has cast into the ground (mountains) standing firm, so that it
does not shake with you."
Surah 31:10 Bucaille/Harun Yahya

Pegs Pegs
According to this claim, Mountains provide stability by acting like

Pegs in the Earths Crust.
Claim 42 Mountains provide stability to
Earths crust
1. This claim is that the Koran correctly mentioned how
mountains act like pegs in the Earths crust and promote
stability.
3. This we are told was not discovered by modern Science until

the C20th.
5. Believers in this claim say that Mohammed could not have

predicted such things unless God told him about them via
Divine Revelation.
7. Supporters of this claim argue that such information in the

Koran proves its Divine origin and the truth of their Religion.

Mountains in the Koran
According to the
Koran, God created
mountains in order
to keep the Earth
from moving & to
prevent earthquakes.
This implies a Flat &

stationary Earth.

Pickthall “And He hath cast into the Earth firm hills that it quake not with
you, and streams and roads that ye may find a way.”
Yusuf Ali “And He has set up on the Earth mountains standing firm, lest
it should shake with you; and rivers and roads; that ye may guide
yourselves.”
Hilali-Khan “And He has affixed into the Earth mountains standing firm,
lest it should shake with you, and rivers and roads, that you may guide
yourselves.”
Shakir “And He has cast great mountains in the Earth lest it might be
convulsed with you, and rivers and roads that you may go aright.”
Sher Ali “And HE has placed in the Earth firm mountains lest it quake
with you and rivers and routes that you may find the way to your
destination.”
Khalifa “And He placed stabilizers (mountains) on Earth, lest it tumbles
with you, as well as rivers and roads, that you may be guided.”
Arberry “And He cast on the Earth firm mountains, lest it shake with
you, and rivers and ways; so haply you will be guided.”
Palmer “And He has cast firm mountains on the Earth lest it move with
you; and rivers and roads; haply ye may be guided.
Rodwell “And He hath thrown firm mountains on the Earth, least it move
with you; and rivers and paths for your guidance.”
Sale “And he hath thrown upon the Earth [mountains] firmly rooted, lest
it should move with you, and [also] rivers, and paths, that ye might be
directed.”
Irving “He has set up headlands on the Earth lest it sway with you, and
rivers and paths so that you may be guided.”
Dawood “He set firm mountains upon the Earth lest it should move
away from you and rivers, roads and landmarks that you may be rightly
guided.”

Pickthall “& We have placed in the Earth firm hills lest it quake with
them, & We have placed therein ravines as roads that haply they may
find their way.”
Yusuf Ali “& We have set on the Earth mountains standing firm, lest it
should shake with them, & We have made therein broad highways
(between mountains) for them to pass through: that they may receive
guidance.”
Hilali-Khan “& We have placed on the Earth firm mountains, lest it
should shake with them, & We placed therein broad highways for them
to pass through, that they may be guided.”
Shakir “& We have made great mountains in the Earth lest it might be
convulsed with them, & We have made in it wide ways that they may
follow a right direction.”

Sher Ali “& We have placed in the Earth firm mountains lest it should
quake with them; & We have made therein wide pathways, that they may
be rightly guided.”
Khalifa “& We placed on Earth stabilizers, lest it tumbles with them, & we
placed straight roads therein, that they may be guided.”
Arberry “& We set in the Earth firm mountains lest it should shake with
them, & We set in it ravines to serve as ways, that haply so they may be
guided.”
Palmer “& we placed on the Earth firm mountains lest it should move
with them, & He made therein open roads for paths, haply they may be
guided!”

Rodwell “& we set mountains on the Earth lest it should move with
them, & we made on it broad passages between them as routes for
their guidance.”
Sale “& we placed stable [mountains] on the Earth, lest it should move
with them; & we made broad passages between them for paths, that
they might be directed [in their journeys]”
Irving “We have placed headlands on Earth lest it should sway while
they are on it, and have placed mountain passes on it as highways so
they may be guided.”
Dawood “We set firm mountains upon the Earth lest it move away from
them and hewed out highways in the rock so that they might be rightly
guided.”

Pickthall “He hath created the Heavens without supports that ye can
see, and hath cast into the Earth firm hills, so that it quake not with you.”
Yusuf Ali “He created the Heavens without any pillars that ye can see;
He set on the Earth mountains standing firm, lest it should shake with
you.”
Hilali-Khan “He has created the Heavens without any pillars, that you
see and has set on the Earth firm mountains, lest it should shake with
you.”
Shakir “He created the Heavens without pillars as you see them, and
put mountains upon the Earth lest it might convulse with you.”
Sher Ali “He has created the Heavens without any pillars that you can
see, and He has placed in the Earth firm mountains that it may not
quake with you.”
Khalifa “He created the Heavens without pillars that you can see. He
established on Earth stabilizers (mountains) lest it tumbles with you.”

Arberry “He created the Heavens without pillars you can see, and He
Palmer “He created the Heavens without pillars that ye can see, and He
threw upon the Earth firm mountains lest it should move with you.”
Rodwell “Without pillars that can be seen hath He created the Heavens,
and on the Earth hath thrown mountains lest it should move with you;
and He hath scattered over it animals of every sort.”
Sale “He hath created the Heavens without visible pillars [to sustain
them], and hath thrown on the Earth [mountains] firmly rooted, lest it
should move with you.”
Irving “He has created the Heavens without any visible support. He has
cast headlands on the Earth lest it sway with you, and dispersed all
kinds of animals throughout it.”
Dawood “He raised the Heavens without any visible pillars, and set firm
the mountains on Earth lest it should shake with you.He dispersed upon
it all manner of beasts.”
Surah 78:6-7 Mountains keep the
Earth from moving
Mountains
Earth
According to the Koran, Mountains are like paper weights that hold
down a sheet of paper.
.
Surah 78:6-7
Earth
Mountains keep
with
Mountains
Earth from
moving
Perhaps this is what the
Koran means when it says
that mountains are like
tent pegs that keep the
Earth Earth from moving.
Without
Mountains Here the Mountains help to
keep the Earth steady and
in its proper position.
Surah 78:6-7 Mountains do not keep
the Earth from moving
In reality, mountains
do not keep the
Earth from moving.
The Earth moves

over 300 million
miles every year in
its orbit around the
Sun.

Pickthall “Have We not made the Earth an expanse, & the high hills
bulwarks?”
Yusuf Ali “Have We not made the Earth as a wide expanse, & the
mountains as pegs?”
Hilali-Khan “Have We not made the Earth as a bed, & the mountains as
pegs?”
Shakir “Have We not made the Earth an even expanse? & the
mountains as projections (thereon)?”
Sher Ali “Have We not made the Earth as a bed, & the mountains as
pegs?”
Khalifa “Did we not make the Earth habitable? & the mountains
stabilizers?”

Arberry “Have We not made the Earth as a cradle & the mountains as
pegs?”
Palmer “Have we not set the Earth as a couch, & the mountains as
stakes?”
Rodwell “Have we not made the Earth a couch? & the mountains its
tent-stakes?”
Sale “Have we not made the Earth for a bed, & the mountains for stakes
[to fix the same]? “
Irving “Have We not laid the Earth out as a cradle and set the
mountains up as kingpins?”
Dawood “Do we not spread the Earth as a bed and raise the mountains
like supporting poles?”

Pickthall “And the hills, how they are set up and the Earth, how it is
spread?”
Yusuf Ali “And at the Mountains, how they are fixed firm? - And at the
Earth, how it is spread out?”
Hilali-Khan “And at the mountains, how they are rooted and fixed firm
and at the Earth, how it is spread out?”
Shakir “And the mountains, how they are firmly fixed, and the Earth,
how it is made a vast expanse?”
Sher Ali “And at the mountains, how they are fixed and at the Earth,
how it is spread out?”
Khalifa “And the mountains and how they are constructed And the earth
and how it is built.”

Arberry “How the mountains were hoisted, how the Earth was
outstretched?”
Palmer “And at the mountains how they are set up and at the Earth how
it is spread out?”
Rodwell “And to the mountains how they are rooted; and to the Earth
how it is outspread?”
Sale “And the mountains, how they are fixed; and the Earth, how it is
extended?”
Irving “Nor how the mountains have been erected? Nor even how the
Earth has been flattened out?”
Dawood “The mountains, how they were set down, the Earth how it was
made flat.”

Where Earthquakes occur
Himalayas
Mountains
Rocky
Mountains
Andes
Mountains
This map shows the places in the World where Earthquakes occur.
These are along the edges of Tectonic Plates and near to major
mountain ranges.
Plate Tectonics
Far from preventing
Earthquakes,
Mountains can
often cause
Earthquakes.
Mountains are
created where the
edges of Tectonic
Plates collide.
Contact between Plates

Contrary to what the Koran says, the Earths rubbing against each
surface moves despite mountains. other causes
Earthquakes.
Mountain Formation
Despite what the Koran

says. Mountains were
not created by God
as anchors for the
Earth or its surface.
Most mountains are

formed as crumple
zones between two
colliding Continental
plates.

Claim 42 - Conclusion
1. This claim is complete nonsense.Earth and it surface move and

mountains do not keep it stationary.
2. Mountains do not prevent Earthquakes or Earths surface
moving.In fact, mountains are crumple zones caused by parts of
the Earths surface colliding slowly.
3. Mountains frequently occur in major Earthquake zones.
4. In the Koran, mountains are like paperweights holding down a flat
stationary object.
5. Far from proving the Korans divine authorship, such mistakes
prove that it was written by fallible people who believed all sorts
of contemporary nonsense.

Claim 43 Lowest point on Earth

The Middle East & Europe during
Mohammed's lifetime.
During Mohammed's
lifetime (AD570-632) the
two main powers in the
Middle East were the East
Roman (Byzantine)
Empire and the Persian
Empire.
In AD613, a Persian army

captured Jerusalem near
to the Dead Sea.

Claim 43
Dead Sea
is the
lowest point
on Earth
“The Romans have been defeated. In the lowest part of the Earth.
But after defeat they will soon be victorious. Between three or nine years.
God’s is the imperative first and last. On that day the believers will rejoice.”
Surah 30:2-4
http://www.quranmiracles.com/articles.asp?id=68

Claim 43 Koran correctly identifies the
lowest point on Earth.
1. This claim is based on Surah 30:2-4, which refers to a series of
defeats suffered between AD613 and 616 by the Byzantine or East
Roman Empire due to a Persian invasion.
2. The Persians overran Syria, Egypt and Palestine.One defeat was
at Jerusalem near the Dead Sea in AD613.
3. is that the Koran correctly identified the Dead Sea as the lowest
point on Earth 1400 years ago.Surah 30:2-4
4. This was not discovered by modern Science until the C20th.
5. Believers in this claim say that Mohammed could not have predicted
this unless God told him about them via Divine Revelation.
6. Supporters of this claim argue that such information in the Koran
proves its Divine origin and the truth of their Religion.

Pickthall “The Romans have been defeated. In the nearer land, and
they,after their defeat will be victorious.”
Yusuf Ali “The Roman Empire has been defeated - In a land close by;
but they, (even) after (this) defeat of theirs, will soon be victorious .”
Hilali-Khan “The Romans have been defeated. In the nearer land (Syria,
Iraq, Jordan, and Palestine), and they, after their defeat, will be
victorious.”
Shakir “The Romans are vanquished, In a near land, and they, after
being vanquished, shall overcome.”
Sher Ali “The Romans have been defeated .In the land nearby, and
they, after their defeat, will be victorious.”
Khalifa “Certainly, the Romans will be defeated. In the nearest land.
After their defeat, they will rise again and win.”

Arberry “The Greeks have been vanquished in the nearer part of the
land; and, after their vanquishing, they shall be the victors.”
Palmer “The Greeks are overcome in the nighest parts of the land; but
after being overcome they shall overcome.”
Rodwell “The Greeks have been defeated in a land hard by: But after
their defeat they shall defeat their foes.”
Sale “The Greeks have been overcome [by the Persians], in the
nearest part of the land; but after their defeat, they shall overcome [the
others in their turn].”
Irving “The Byzantines have been defeated on the nearest front!
Following their defeat they shall conquer a few years later.”
Dawood “The Greeks have been defeated in a neighbouring land.But
in a few years, they themselves shall gain victory.”

Claim 43 Response
• Surah 30:2-4 does not mention the Dead Sea at all or say that it is
the lowest place on Earth.
• The nearest battle to the Dead Sea was at Jerusalem, 20 miles
away in AD614.
• The Dead Sea is 414 metres below Sea Level, but Jerusalem is 750
metres above Sea level.
• The reference to the Romans defeat “in the lowest part of the Earth”
is not an accurate translation.All 12 translations consulted disagree
with it including 6 Muslim translations.
• The “lowest” land really means the nearest land.This refers to
Mesopotamia, Syria, Palestine and Egypt which are near to Arabia
where Mohammed was at the time.

Heraclius defeats the Persians
In AD627, the Byzantines

defeated the Persians
and regained all their
lost territory.
This was as the Koran
dad “predicted.”
However, the Koran was
not written down in its
present form until after
the death of Mohammed
in AD632.

Claim 43 Conclusion
• Surah 30:2-4 does not mention the Dead Sea at all or say that it is
the lowest place on Earth.
• No battle took place at the Dead Sea during Mohammed's
lifetime.The nearest battle was in Jerusalem which is 750m above
Sea level.
• This “Miracle” is based on a dubious translation.Muslims never
realised that the Dead Sea was the lowest point on Earth until they
learned it from Westerners in the C20th.This was despite 1400
years of studying the Koran.
• Like the other alleged Scientific Miracles in the Koran, this one is
also a fraud.

Claim 44 General stability of
Earths Crust

Claim 44 General Stability of Earths
Crust
"He Who made the Earth
an abode and set rivers
interstices and mountains
standing firm."
According to Bucaille, this

is reference to the
general stability of the
Earths Crust today
compared with the past

Claim 44 Earths Crust more stable than
in the past
According to Bucaille,
Surah 27:61 alludes to
the Earths Crust being
unstable and semi-molten
on the early Earth soon
after the Planet’s
formation.

Claim 44 The Stable Earth
1. According to this claim, the Koran referred to the present day
stability of the Earth’s crust today compared with it’s condition
billions of years ago.
3. Modern Geology only discovered this in the C19th.
5. How, we are asked could Mohammed have known this 400

year ago unless God had told him?
7. This we are told proves the divine authorship of the Koran

and the truth of Islam.

Pickthall “Is not He (best) who made the Earth a fixed abode, & placed
rivers in the folds thereof, & placed firm hills therein, & hath set a barrier
between the two seas?”
Yusuf Ali “Or, who has made the Earth firm to live in; made rivers in its
midst; set thereon mountains immovable; & made a separating bar
between the two bodies of flowing water?”
Hilali-Khan “Is not he (better than your gods) who has made the Earth as a
fixed abode, & has placed rivers in its midst, & has placed firm mountains
therein, & has set a barrier between the two seas.”
Shakir “Or, who made the Earth a resting place, & made in it rivers, &
raised on it mountains & placed between the two seas a barrier.”
Sher Ali “Or, who made the Earth a place of rest, & placed rivers in its
midst, & placed upon it firm mountains, & put a barrier between the two
waters?”
Khalifa “Who is the one who made the Earth habitable, caused rivers to run
through it, placed on it mountains, & created a barrier between the two
waters?”
Arberry “He who made the Earth a fixed place and set amidst it rivers and
appointed for it firm mountains and placed a partition between the two
seas.”
Palmer “He who made the Earth, settled, and placed amongst it rivers; and
placed upon it firm mountains; and placed between the two seas a barrier.”
Rodwell “Is not He, who hath set the earth so firm, and hath made rivers in
its midst, and hath placed mountains upon it, and put a barrier between the
two seas? ”
Sale “[Is not he more worthy to be adored], who hath established the Earth,
and hath caused rivers [to flow] through the midst thereof, and placed
thereon immovable [mountains], and set a bar between the two seas?”
Irving “Who set the Earth up as a residence, laced it with rivers and planted
headlands on it, and laid an isthmus between both seas.”
Dawood “(Surely worthier is he) who established the Earth & watered it with
running rivers, who has set mountains upon it and placed a barrier between
the two sea’s.”
1. This verse says nothing about the condition of the Earth
billions of years ago.
3. In fact, the reference to mountains being placed upon the

Earth suggests that they are special creations and that the
author of the Koran is ignorant of mountain building
processes which are occurring all the time.
5. This verse is just saying that God made the Earth a pleasant
place for humanity to live.

Claim 44 Immobile Mountains?
Despite what the Koran

says. Mountains were
not created by God
as anchors for the
Earth or its surface.
The Earths surface

including mountains
are moving at a rate of
a few centimetres a
year due to
Continental Drift.

Claim 44 Conclusion (Surah 27:61)
1. The Koran makes no reference to the condition of the Earths crust
either today or in the past.There is no evidence for the concept of a
planetary crust in the Koran.
2. The Koran is just saying that the Earth is a pleasant place to live.
3. The Koran is wrong about the Earth and its mountains being
immobile.Earth rotates and moves around the Sun while its surface
including mountains move slowly due to Continental Drift.
4. The Koran’s idea of mountains seems to be that they are special
creations and not the product of millions of years of Continental
Drift.
5. This suggests that the author of the Koran has no concept of the
Geological timescale.
6. This “Scientific Miracle” is nothing but the product of Bucaille’s
imagination.

Claim 45 Seven layer in Earth’s
Crust

Claim 45 Seven Layers of Earths Crust
Some Muslims claim that

the Koran correctly predicted
that there are seven layers
in the Earths crust.
1. crust
2. lithosphere
3. upper mantle
4. astenoshpere
5. lower mantle
6. outer core
7. inner core
“It is Allah Who created the seven Heavens and of the Earth the same
number, the command descending down through all of them.”
Claim 45 Seven Layers of Earths Crust
1. This claim says that 1400 years ago, the Koran alluded to the
fact that there are seven layers in the Earths crust.
3. Modern Science is said to have only discovered this in the

C20th, 1400 years after the time of Mohammed.
5. Supporters of this claim say that since Mohammed could not

possibly have known this by himself, the only explanation is
that God told him this.
7. This, it is said, proves the Divine Authorship of the Koran and

the truth of Islam.

Pickthall “Allah “it is who hath created seven Heavens, and of the Earth
the like thereof.
Yusuf Ali “God is He Who created seven Firmaments and of the Earth a
similar number.”
Hilali-Khan “It is Allah Who has created seven Heavens and of the Earth
the like thereof (i.e. seven).”
Shakir “Allah is He Who created seven Heavens, and of the Earth the
like of them.”
Sher Ali “Allah is he who created seven Heavens, and of the Earth the
like thereof.”
Khalifa “God created seven Universes and the same number of Earths.”
Another dishonest and inaccurate translation by Khalifa. The other 11

contradict him. translations
Arberry “It is God who created seven Heavens, and of Earth their
like.“
Palmer “God it is who created seven heavens, and of the earth the
like thereof.”
Rodwell “It is God who hath created seven Heavens and as many
Earths.” Sale “[It is] God who hath created seven Heavens, and as
many [different stories] of the Earth.”
Irving “God is the One Who created seven Heavens, and the same
[number of planets] which are like the Earth.”
Dawood “It is God who has created seven Heavens and Earths as
many.”

1. The Koran makes no reference to solid layers of rock under the

Earth.
3. The Earths interior is usually divided into four or five layers by

Geologists and not seven.
5. The Seven Earths are the Seven levels of Hell which were
imagined to be below the Earths surface.
7. Hell in the Koran and Hadith is a seven level dungeon and not
solid rock.It is nothing like Earths crust.

Four or five layers in Earths interior
In reality, there are only

four or five layers in the
Earths interior.
Islamic Fundamentalists
count up to seven by
fiddling the numbers by
subdividing the crust &
double counting sub layers.

Four or five layers in Earths interior
• Crust
• Lithosphere
• Upper mantle
• Astenoshpere
• Lower mantle
• Outer core
• Inner core
Islamic Fundamentalists split the Upper Mantle
into sub layers and count then twice to fiddle
the number of layers to get seven.

Seven levels of Hell below us.
Al-Tirmidhi 5735
Narrated by Abu Hurayrah
He (Mohammed) then asked, "Do you know what is below you?" On
their replying that Allah and His Messenger (peace be upon him)
knew best, he said, "It is the Earth." He then asked, "Do you know
what is under that?" On their replying that Allah and His Messenger
(peace be upon him) knew best, he said, "Under it there is another
Earth with a journey of five hundred years between them," and so on
till he had counted seven Earths with a journey of five hundred years
between each pair. He then said, "By Him in Whose hand
Muhammad's soul is, if you were to drop a rope to the lowest Earth it
would not pass out of Allah's knowledge."

Hell is under the Earths surface
Earth
According to
Al-Tirmidhi,
Mohammed explicitly
stated that Hell was
a place under the
Hell Earths surface.

Seven Earths = Seven Hells
Flat Earth
The Koran refers to

seven Earths which
seem to be levels in
Seven the Islamic Hell.
1
2 Hells Each Hell seems to
3 be for different types
under of punishment &
4
5 each has its own
the entrance gate.
6
7 Earth

Medieval Christian
Hell with multiple
levels.
In the Middle Ages, Christians

also believed in a multi-level
Hell where sinners were
tormented.

Surah 65:12 Seven Levels of Hell
The Koran seems to refer to Hell having

seven layers. This is a similar concept
to that in Dante’s Divine Comedy.
Indeed, Dante may have been

influenced by the Koran.

Seven layer Hell under the Earth
Al-Bukhari Volume 3 Book 43 Number 632:
Narrated Said bin Zaid:
Allah's Apostle said, "Whoever usurps the land of somebody unjustly, his neck
will be encircled with it down the seven earths (on the Day of Resurrection). "

Narrated Abu Salama:
That there was a dispute between him and some people (about a piece of
land). When he told 'Aisha about it, she said, "O Abu Salama! Avoid taking
the land unjustly, for the Prophet said, 'Whoever usurps even one span of
the land of somebody, his neck will be encircled with it down the seven
earths."
Narrated Salim's father (i.e. 'Abdullah):
The Prophet said, "Whoever takes a piece of the land of others unjustly, he
will sink down the seven earths on the Day of Resurrection."

Seven layer Hell under the Earth
Narrated Muhammad bin Ibrahim bin Al-Harith:
from Abu Salama bin 'Abdur-Rahman who had a dispute with some people on
a piece of land, and so he went to 'Aisha and told her about it. She said, "O
Abu Salama, avoid the land, for Allah's Apostle said, 'Any person who takes
even a span of land unjustly, his neck shall be encircled with it down seven
Earths.' "
Al-Bukhari Volume 4, Book 54, Number 418:
Narrated Salim's father:
The Prophet said, "Any person who takes a piece of land unjustly will sink
down the seven Earths on the Day of Resurrection."
Al-Bukhari Volume 4, Book 54, Number 420:
Narrated Said bin Zaid bin Amr bin Nufail:
That Arwa sued him before Marwan for a right, which she claimed, he had
deprived her of. On that Said said, "How should I deprive her of her right? I
testify that I heard Allah's Apostle saying, 'If anyone takes a span of land
unjustly, his neck will be encircled with it down seven Earths on the Day of
Resurrection."
Going down to
the Seven Earths
The Hadith describes

sinners being thrust down
to the seven Earths.
This suggests that Hell is

under the ground and has
seven levels.

Indian Cosmology
The idea of a multi layered
Underworld where the
wicked were punished
was known in India many
centuries before Jesus
or Mohammed lived.
Flat Earth
Multi-layered
Underworld

Surah 15:43-44 Seven Gates of Hell
According to the
Koran, Hell has
seven gates.
Presumably, one
for each level of
Hell.
The Islamic Hell
is a series of
subterranean
dungeons and not
layers of solid
rock.

Surah 15:43-44 Seven Gates of Hell
Pickthall “And lo! for all such, Hell will be the promised place. It hath
seven gates, and each gate hath an appointed portion.”
Yusuf Ali “And verily, Hell is the promised abode for them all! To it are
seven gates: for each of those gates is a (special) class (of sinners)
assigned.”
Hilali-Khan "And surely, Hell is the promised place for them all. "It (Hell)
has seven gates, for each of those gates is a (special) class (of sinners)
assigned. ”
Shakir “And surely Hell is the promised place of them all. It has seven
gates; for every gate there shall be a separate party of them.”
Sher Ali “And, surely, Hell is the promised place for them all”. It has
seven gates, & each gate has a portion of them allotted to it.”
Khalifa "And Hell awaits them all. It will have seven gates. Each gate will
get a specific share of them." It will have seven gates. Each gate will get
a specific share of them."
Surah 15:43-44 Continued
Arberry “Gehenna shall be their promised land all together. Seven gates
it has, and unto each gate a set portion of them belongs.
Palmer “And, verily, Hell is promised to them all together. It has seven
doors; at every door is there a separate party of them.
Rodwell “And verily, Hell is the promise for them one and all.
Sale “And hell is surely denounced unto them all:It hath seven Portals; at
each Portal is a separate band of them; It hath seven gates; unto every
gate a distinct company of them [shall be assigned].
Irving “Hell will [serve as] an appointment for all of them together. It has
seven gates; each gate will have a portion assigned from them."
Dawood “They are all destined for Hell.It has seven gates and though
each gate they shall come in separate bands.”

Surah 17:1 The Night Journey
Here Mohammed &

Gabriel are shown
touring Hell & seeing
sinners burning
& being tortured.

Here adulterous
women are shown
impaled on hooks
in Hell Fire

This picture shows

women hanging by
their hair & being
tortured in Hell Fire
for the “sin” of stirring
up male lust by
“provocatively” exposing
their hair to men other
than their husbands.

Surah 17:1
The Night
Journey
This picture shows
women who were
too talkative or
disrespectful of
their husbands
hanging by their
tongues above
Hell Fire

Surah 4:145 Hypocrites in depths of
Hell
Pickthall “Lo! the hypocrites (will be) in the lowest deep of the fire, and
thou wilt find no helper for them.”
Yusuf Ali “The Hypocrites will be in the lowest depths of the fire: no
helper wilt thou find for them.”
Hilali-Khan “Verily, the hypocrites will be in the lowest depths (grade) of
the fire; no helper will you find for them.”
Shakir “Surely the hypocrites are in the lowest stage of the fire and you
shall not find a helper for them.”
Sher Ali “The hypocrite shall surely be in the lowest depths of the fire;
Khalifa “The hypocrites will be committed to the lowest pit of Hell, and
you will find no one to help them.”

Arberry “Surely the hypocrites will be in the lowest reach of the Fire; thou
wilt not find for them any helper.”
Palmer “Verily, the hypocrites are in the lowest depths of Hell-fire, and
thou shalt not find for them a help.”
Rodwell “Verily the hypocrites shall be in the lowest abyss of the fire:
and, by no means shalt thou find a helper for them.”
Sale “Moreover the hypocrites shall be in the lowest bottom of Hell fire,
and thou shalt not find any to help them [thence].”
Irving “Hypocrites will stand on the lowest level of the Fire; you will never
find an supporter for them.”
Dawood “The hypocrites shall be cast into the lowest depths of the fire:
there shall be none to help them.”

Surah17:8 Hell is like a dungeon
Pickthall “But if ye repeat (the crime) We shall repeat (the punishment),
and We have appointed Hell a dungeon for the disbelievers.”
Yusuf Ali “But if ye revert (to your sins), We shall revert (to Our
punishments): And we have made Hell a prison for those who reject (all
Faith).”
Hilali-Khan “But if you return (to sins), We shall return (to Our
Punishment). And We have made Hell a prison for the disbelievers”.
Shakir “It may be that your Lord will have mercy on you, and if you again
return (to disobedience) We too will return (to punishment), and We have
made Hell a prison for the unbelievers.”
Sher Ali “But if you return to mischief, We too will return to punishment,
and remember We have made Hell a prison for the disbelievers.”
Khalifa “But if you revert to transgression, we will counter with retribution.
We have designated Gehenna as a final abode for the disbelievers.”

Surah17:8 Continued
Arberry “But if you return, We shall return; and We have made Gehenna
a prison for the unbelievers.”
Palmer “But if ye return we will return, and we have made Hell a prison
for the misbelievers.”
Rodwell “But if ye return, we will return: and we have appointed Hell - the
prison of the infidels.”
Sale “But if ye return [to transgress a third time], we [also will] return [to
chastise you]; and we have appointed Hell to be the prison of the
unbelievers.”
Irving “If you should turn back, We will go back (too) and turn Hell into a
confinement for disbelievers!”
Dawood “If you again transgress,you shall again be scourged. We have
made Hell a prison house for unbelievers.”

The Seven Hells of Islam
Seven Earths Number Name Description
= Seven levels 1st Hell

2nd Hell
Jaheem
Jahanam
Bad Muslims
Idol Worshipers
3rd Hell Sa'ir Fire Worshipers
of Hell 4th Hell
5th Hell
Saqar
Ladha
Atheists
Jews
6th Hell Hawiyah Christians
7th Hell Hutama Religious Hypocrites
Earth http://www.islam101.com/selections/glossaryJ.html
In reality, this is what

the Seven Earths of
the Koran really are.
1
Hell 2
3 They are each
4
5 different levels in
6
7 Hell

Claim 45 (Surah 65:12) - Conclusion
1. This verse says nothing about layers of rock under the surface of the
Earth.
2. There are only 4 or 5 layers in the Earths interior.Any more is due to
splitting layers and double counting rocks.
3. The “Seven Earths” are in fact the layers of Hell, which is supposed
to be below us.
4. Hell is not under the Earth.The Earths interior is only superficially like
Hell.The Earths interior is heated by radioactive decay of minerals
and not by burning Sinners and Idols.
5. The Earths interior is solid rock and not enormous caves full of
billions of sinners.
6. The Seven Earths of the Koran are just the sort of thing that an Arab
in Mohammed's time would have imagined.
7. Such absurd claims discredit any Divine Authorship for the Koran.
Claim 46 Continental Drift

Claim 46 Continental Drift
“You see the mountains

you reckoned to be
solid going past like
clouds”.
This is supposed to be a
reference to Continental
Drift.

Surah 27:88 Continental Drift
1. According to this claim, the Koran alludes to Continental Drift
1400 years ago even though it was only discovered in the
C20th.
2. The same verse is also used to try and prove the Earths
rotation. (Claim 35) This shows how the vague words can be
interpreted to mean whatever suits the reader’s personal
preference.
3. How, we are asked, could Mohammed have known such
information unless he received it from God?
4. Thus, we are told, the Koran has been proven to be of Divine
origin and Islam is true.

Pickthall “And thou seest the hills thou deemest solid flying with the
flight of clouds:
Yusuf Ali “Thou seest the mountains and thinkest them firmly fixed:
but they shall pass away as the clouds pass away:
Hilali-Khan “And you will see the mountains and think them solid, but
they shall pass away as the passing away of the clouds.
Shakir “And you see the mountains, you think them to be solid, and
they shall pass away as the passing away of the cloud
Sher Ali “And thou seest the mountains, which thou thinkest to be
firmly fixed, pass away as the clouds pass away
Khalifa “When you look at the mountains, you think that they are
standing still. But they are moving, like the clouds.

Arberry “And thou shalt see the mountains, that thou supposest fixed,
passing by like clouds
Palmer “And thou shalt see the mountains, which thou dost deem
solid, pass away like the passing of the clouds
Rodwell “And thou shalt see the mountains, which thou thinkest so
firm, pass away with the passing of a cloud!
Sale “And thou shalt see the mountains, and shalt think them firmly
fixed; but they shall pass away, even as the clouds pass away.
Irving “You will see the mountains, which you reckoned were solid,
slip away just as clouds slip away.”
Dawood “The mountains, firm though you might think them, will pass
away like clouds.”

Claim 46 (Surah 27:38 ) - Response
• Surah 27:38 does not refer to the movement of mountains.The

references to the mountains “passing” refers to them passing
away (being removed) and not passing by.
• To understand the verse, it needs to be read in the context of the
preceding and following verses.
day.
• Interpreting this verse as a supposed reference to Continental Drift
is based on taking it out of context and distorting the meaning.

Surah 27:88 God causes the Mountains
With Mountains This is what the “passing”
of mountains means.
The Koran says that the
mountains will be removed
by God at the End of the
World.
Without Mountains This has nothing to do with

mountains actually moving
in the present day.
Level Plain = Flat Earth See also: Surah 18:47 &
Surah 84:1-4

Surah 18:47 God will cause the Mountains
Pickthall “And (bethink you of) the Day when we remove the hills and
ye see the Earth emerging, and We gather them together so as to
leave not one of them behind.”
Yusuf Ali “One Day We shall remove the mountains, and thou wilt see
the Earth as a level stretch, and We shall gather them, all together, nor
shall We leave out any one of them.”
Hilali-Khan “And (remember) the Day We shall cause the mountains to
pass away (like clouds of dust), and you will see the Earth as a levelled
plain, and we shall gather them all together so as to leave not one of
them behind.”
Shakir “And the day on which We will cause the mountains to pass
away and you will see the Earth a levelled plain and We will gather
them and leave not any one of them behind.”

Sher Ali “And bethink of the day when we shall remove the mountains
and thou wilt see the nations of the Earth march forth against one
another and we shall gather them all together and shall not leave any
one of them behind.”
Khalifa “The day will come when we wipe out the mountains, and you
will see the Earth barren. We will summon them all, not leaving out a
single one of them.”
Arberry “And on the day We shall set the mountains in motion, and
thou seest the Earth coming forth, and We muster them so that We
leave not so much as one of them behind.”
Palmer “And the day when we will move the mountains, and thou
shalt see the (whole) Earth stalking forth; and we will gather them,
and will not leave one of them behind.”

Rodwell And call to mind the day when we will cause the mountains to
pass away, and thou shalt see the Earth a levelled plain, and we will
gather mankind together, and not leave of them any one.
Sale On a [certain] day we will cause the mountains to pass away,
and thou shalt see the Earth appearing plain [and even]; and we will
gather [mankind] together, and we will not leave any one of them
behind
Irving “Some day We shall set the mountains travelling along and you
will see the Earth lying exposed”
Dawood “Tell of the day when we shall blot out the mountains and
make Earth a barren waste.”

Claim 46 - Conclusion
• The Koran does not refer to the movement of mountains in Surah

27:38 or anywhere else.The references to the mountains “passing”
refers to them passing away (being removed) and not passing by.
day.
• Interpreting this verse as a supposed reference to the Continental
Drift is based on taking it out of context and distorting the
meaning.
• This is another example of distorting the Koran to support extreme
Religious beliefs.

Claim 47 The barrier between the
two Sea’s (Harun Yahya)

Claim 47 The two Seas (Harun Yahya)
According to
some Muslims
the Koran
refers to the
fact that the
waters of the
Mediterranean &
Atlantic are slow
to mix at the
Straights of
“He has let loose the two seas, converging together,
Gibraltar due to
with a barrier between them they do not break
differences in
through.”
salinity in each
Surah 55:19-20 Harun Yahya body of water

Claim 47 The Two Sea’s (Harun Yahya)
1. Some Muslims claim that Surah 55:19-20 shows a very
detailed knowledge of Oceanography.
2. They claim that the Koran refers to the way in which the waters
of the Mediterranean are slow to mix with the Atlantic Ocean at
the Straights of Gibraltar.
3. This is due to differences in salinity between both bodies of
water which were not discovered until the C20th.
4. How, we are asked could Mohammed have known about this
1400 years ago unless God had told him.
5. Thus, we are told, such miraculous information in the Koran
proves its divine authorship and the truth of Islam.

Pickthall “He hath loosed the two seas. They meet. There is a barrier
between them. They encroach not (one upon the other).”
Yusuf Ali “He has let free the two bodies of flowing water, meeting
together: Between them is a barrier which they do not transgress.”
Hilali-Khan “He has let loosed the two seas (the salt water and the
sweet) meeting together. Between them is a barrier which none of them
can transgress.”
Shakir “He has made the two seas to flow freely (so that) they meet
together: Between them is a barrier which they cannot pass”.
Sher Ali “He has made the two bodies of water flow. They will one day
meet; Between them there is at present a barrier; they cannot encroach
one upon the other.”
Khalifa “He separates the two seas where they meet. A barrier is placed
between them, to prevent them from transgressing.”

Arberry “He let forth the two seas that meet together, between them a
barrier they do not overpass.”
Palmer “He has let loose the two seas that meet together; between them
is a barrier they cannot pass!”
Rodwell “He hath let loose the two seas which meet each other: Yet
between them is a barrier which they overpass not.”
Sale “He hath let loose the two seas, that they meet each
another.Between them [is placed] a bar which they cannot pass.”
Irving “He has loosed both seas which still come together;between them
lies an isthmus which neither tries to cross.”
Dawood “He has let loose the two oceans:They meet one another.Yet
between them stands a barrier that they cannot overrun.”

Response to Claim 47 (Surah 55:19-20 )
1. This verse does not mention either the Mediterranean,
Atlantic or the Straights of Gibraltar.How do Muslims know
that this is what is being referred to?
2. Surah 25:53 also mentions the Two Sea’s and says that one
of them is Salty water and the other is fresh water.Both the
Mediterranean and Atlantic are salty and so they cannot be
the Two Sea’s referred to in the Koran.
3. It seems that one of the Two Sea’s is a general reference to
the salty waters of the worlds oceans and the other Sea is a
reference to a the worlds freshwater.
4. Whatever, the case, this alleged miracle does not exist in the
Koran.

Surah 25:53 The Two Sea’s
Pickthall “And He it is Who hath given independence to the two seas
(though they meet); one palatable, sweet, and the other saltish, bitter;
and hath set a bar and a forbidding ban between them.”
Yusuf Ali “It is He Who has let free the two bodies of flowing water: One
palatable and sweet, and the other salt and bitter; yet has He made a
barrier between them, a partition that is forbidden to be passed.”
Hilali-Khan “And it is He Who has let free the two seas (kinds of water),
one palatable and sweet, and the other salt and bitter, and He has set a
barrier and a complete partition between them.”
Shakir “And He it is Who has made two seas to flow freely, the one
sweet that subdues thirst by its sweetness, and the other salt that burns
by its saltiness; and between the two He has made a barrier and
inviolable obstruction.”

Sher Ali “And He it is Who has caused the two seas to flow, this
palatable and sweet, and that salt and bitter; and between them He has
placed a barrier and an insurmountable partition.”
Khalifa “He is the One who merges the two seas; one is fresh and
palatable, while the other is salty and undrinkable. And He separated
them with a formidable, inviolable barrier (evaporation).”
Arberry “And it is He who let forth the two seas, this one Sweet, grateful
to taste, and this salt, bitter to the tongue, and He set between them a
barrier, and a ban forbidden.
Palmer “He it is who has let loose the two seas, this one sweet and
fresh, that one bitter and pungent, and has made between them a
rigorous prohibition.

Rodwell “And He it is who hath let loose the two seas, the one sweet,
fresh; and the other salt, bitter; and hath put an interspace between
them, and a barrier that cannot be passed.”
Sale “It is he who hath let loose the two seas; this fresh [and] sweet, and
that salt [and] bitter: And hath placed between them a bar, and a bound
which cannot be passed.”
Irving “He is the One Who has cut off both seas, this one being sweet,
fresh, while the other is salty, briny. He has placed an isthmus in
between them plus a barrier to block them off.”
Dawood “It was he who sent the two seas rolling, the one sweet, the
other salt and bitter,and set a rampart between them, an insurmountable
barrier.”

Claim 47 Conclusion
1. Surah 55:19-20 does not mention either the Mediterranean,
Atlantic or the Straights of Gibraltar.
2. The Two Sea’s of the Koran are the world’s oceans and the
world’s freshwater.
3. There is nothing to explain as this alleged Scientific Miracle is
based on wishful thinking and ignores what the Koran says
about the nature of the Two Sea’s
4. There is another interpretation of the Two Sea’s by Maurice
Bucaille based on Surah 27:61 which will be dealt with in the
next section.

Claim 48 The two Sea’s (Bucaille)

Claim 48 The two Seas (Bucaille)
“He placed a
barrier between
The two seas.
Is there divinity
besides God?
Nay, but most
people do not
know.
Surah 27:61
Bucaille

Claim 48 The Two Sea’s (Bucaille)
1. This is another alleged Scientific Miracle in the Koran based on
an alternative interpretation by Maurice Bucaille.
2. This interpretation is that several verses of the Koran describe
how when the freshwater of rivers do not immediately mix with
Seawater at river estuaries due to differences in density.
3. Some claimed that Mohammed could not have known this
1400 years ago unless it had been revealed by God
4. Therefore, it is argued, the Koran must be of divine authorship.
5. However, this argument is very weak just like previous one by
Harun Yahya concerning “the Two Sea’s.”

Claim 48 The two Seas (Bucaille)
"(God) is the One Who has let free the two seas, one is agreeable and
sweet, the other salty and bitter. He placed a barrier between them, a
partition that it is forbidden to pass."
"The two seas are not alike. The water of one is agreeable, sweet,
pleasant to drink.The other salty and bitter. You eat fresh meat from it and
you extract from it ornaments which you wear."
"He has loosed the two seas. They meet together. Between them there is
a barrier which they do not transgress. Out of them come pearls and
coral."
Surah 55:19,20 & 22 Bucaille
Response to Claim 48
1. This interpretation is less absurd than that of Harun Yahya.
2. However, even if we accept that it is true, there is nothing
miraculous about it.
3. Any fisherman or sailor sailing near a river estuary such as at
the head of the Persian Gulf could easily have noticed. the
differences between fresh water and sea water.
4. River water would not be salty and it would contain some silt.
Seawater would be clearer and be salty.Both types of water
would look and taste differently.
5. No miraculous knowledge is required.
6. There is also an alternative interpretation of the Two Sea’s
that does not require any miraculous knowledge either.

Bahrain – Land of the Two Sea’s
The most likely meaning of the

term “Two Sea’s” is that it
refers to Bahrain in the Persian
Gulf. The Arabic name for
Bahrain literally means
“Land of the Two Sea’s.”
There are huge aquifers full of

freshwater from ancient rainfall
in the rocks below Bahrain.
Mohammed could easily have

known about Bahrain.

Bahrain – Pearl Diving
Left: Pearl divers in Bahrain
"He has loosed the two seas. They meet together.

Between them there is a barrier which they do not
transgress. Out of them come pearls and coral."
Surah 55:19,20 & 22
The Koran associates the “Two Sea’s” with

pearls. Bahrain is one of the largest sources of
Pearls in the world.
The meeting of the Two Sea’s may refer to

freshwater fountains coming out of the sea
bed around Bahrain.

Apsu and Tiamat – The Two Sea’s
Apsu (Saltwater Apsu (Saltwater

Left: The Two Sea’s
World Ocean) World Ocean)
according to
Mesopotamian
Tiamat (Freshwater Sea)
Mythology. Perhaps
the Koran is referring
to a similar belief.
In Ancient Mesopotamian Mythology, there were also two Seas. One

Sea was a saltwater World Ocean encompassing a flat circular Earth.
The other Sea was a huge freshwater ocean under the Earth which
“explained” where the water from springs came from.

Claim 48 Conclusion
1. Even if Bucaille’s interpretation of the “Two Seas” is correct,
there is nothing remarkable about this.
2. Anyone sailing the Persian Gulf 1400 years ago and approaching
the mouth of a river would have known that river water and sea
water are slow to mix.
3. However, it is more likely, that the “Two Sea’s” refers to
freshwater springs and the seawater in or around Bahrain in the
Persian Gulf.
4. What the Koran says is merely describing what can be seen by
anyone and is not miraculous or even intended to be miraculous.
5. The author of the Koran may well have believed in a mythical
freshwater ocean under the Earths surface.
6. Those who see a miracle here are misinterpreting the Koran.

Claim 49 Mid Ocean ridges in
the Sea floor

Claim 49 Mid Ocean ridges in Sea floor
“[I swear] by Heaven which returns and the Earth which splits.”
Surah 86:11-12
Claim 49 Mid Ocean ridges
1. This alleged “Scientific Miracle” relates to mid ocean relates to
the discovery of mid ocean ridges at the boundary of Tectonic
plates.
2. New oceanic crust is generated at a rate of a few centimetres a
year and a similar amount of old crust is recycled back into the
Earth in subduction zones at the edges of other Tectonic plates.
3. This drives the movement of Tectonic plates carrying
Continents.
4. This was only discovered in the 1960’s. How then, we are asked
could Mohammed have known about this 1400 years ago.
(Surah 86:11-12)
5. Many Muslims reply that Mohammed could not have known
unless he had been told by God.
6. This amazingly modern Geological information claim many
Muslims proves the divine authorship of the Koran and the truth
of Islam.
Claim 49 Mid Ocean ridges in Sea floor
Mid Ocean Ridges

at the edges of many
Tectonic Plates were
only discovered in the
1960’s.
How, we are asked

did the Koran know
about them 1400
years ggo?

Pickthall “By the Heaven which giveth the returning rain, and the
Earth which splitteth (with the growth of trees and plants.”
Yusuf Ali “By the Firmament which returns (in its round), and by the
Earth which opens out (for the gushing of springs or the sprouting of
vegetation).”
Hilali-Khan “By the Sky (having rain clouds) which gives rain, again
and again and the Earth which splits (with the growth of trees and
plants)”
Shakir “I swear by the rain-giving Heavens, and the Earth splitting
(with plants)”
Sher Ali “By the cloud which gives rain repeatedly, and by the Earth
which opens out with herbage.”
Khalifa “By the Sky that returns (the water). By the Earth that cracks
(to grow plants) .”

Arberry “By Heaven of the returning rain, by Earth splitting with

verdure.”
Palmer “By the Heaven that sends back the rain and the Earth with its
sprouting!”
Rodwell “I swear by the Heaven which accomplisheth its cycle, and by
the Earth which openeth her bosom.”
Sale “By the Heaven which returneth [the rain]; and by the Earth
which openeth. [to let forth vegetables and springs] “
Irving “By the Sky with its cycle,by the Earth cracking open.”
Dawood “By the Heaven with its recurring cycles and by the Earth
ever bursting with new growth.”

Surah 86:11-12
What it really means
“[I swear] by Heaven which returns

and the Earth which splits.”
Surah 86:11-12 is referring to seasonal

rain and the splitting of the soil due to
the growth of plants.
There is no miracle involved at all.It

merely describes what Arab farmers had
known for thousands of years before
Mohammed

Claim 49 Conclusion
1. This is a classic example of Islamic Fundamentalists taking a verse
out of context and reading their own fantasies into it.
3. There is no mention of oceanic crust splitting and expanding here or

anywhere else in the Koran.
5. Surah 86:11-12 is describing how plants push up the soil as they are
growing, something that anyone can observe.
7. There is no Scientific Miracle here.
9. This seems like a deliberate distortion of the words of the Koran.
11. This is not a Scientific Miracle, but rather it is most likely a deliberate
Scientific lie.
Claim 50 Darkness underwater

“Or [the unbelievers' state]

are like the darkness
of a fathomless sea
which is covered by waves
above which are waves
above which are clouds,
layers of darkness, one upon
the other. If he puts out his
hand, he can scarcely
see it. Those Allah gives no
light to, they have no light.”

1. This alleged “Scientific Miracle” says that the Koran contains
miraculous Oceanographic knowledge about the lack of light
deep underwater.
2. Such information,it is claimed requires diving far deeper than
any diver could manage without modern technology.
3. How then, is it that the Koran mentions the darkness of the deep
ocean?
4. Mohammed, we are told could not possibly have known this
1400 years ago.
5. The only explanation, we are told is Allah’s divine authorship of
the Koran.
6. Islamic Fundamentalists cannot understand how anyone can be
an unbeliever, when Allah has given us such clear signs of the
truth of Islam.

Pickthall “Or as darkness on a vast, abysmal sea. There covereth him a wave,
above which is a wave, above which is a cloud. Layer upon layer of darkness.
When he holdeth out his hand he scarce can see it. And he for whom Allah hath
not appointed light, for him there is no light.”
Yusuf Ali “Or (the Unbelievers' state) is like the depths of darkness in a vast
deep ocean, overwhelmed with billow topped by billow, topped by (dark) clouds:
depths of darkness, one above another: if a man stretches out his hands, he
can hardly see it! for any to whom God giveth not light, there is no light!”
Hilali-Khan “Or [the state of a disbeliever] is like the darkness in a vast deep
sea, overwhelmed with a great wave topped by a great wave, topped by dark
clouds, darkness, one above another, if a man stretches out his hand, he can
hardly see it! And he for whom Allah has not appointed light, for him there is no
light.”
Shakir “Or like utter darkness in the deep sea: there covers it a wave above
which is another wave, above which is a cloud, (layers of) utter darkness one
above another; when he holds out his hand, he is almost unable to see it; and
to whomsoever Allah does not give light, he has no light.”

Sher Ali “Or, their deeds are like thick layers of darkness spread over a vast
and deep sea, on whose surface rise waves above waves, above which are
clouds - layers upon layers of darkness. When he holds out his hands, he can
hardly see it; and he whom ALLAH gives no light - for him there is no light at
all.”
Khalifa “Another allegory is that of being in total darkness in the midst of a
violent ocean, with waves upon waves, in addition to thick fog. Darkness upon
darkness - if he looked at his own hand, he could barely see it. Whomever
GOD deprives of light, will have no light.”
Arberry “or they are as shadows upon a sea obscure covered by a billow
above which is a billow above which are clouds, shadows piled one upon
another; when he puts forth his hand, well-nigh he cannot see it. And to
whomsoever God assigns no light, no light has he.
Palmer “Or like darkness on a deep sea, there covers it a wave above which
is a wave, above which is a cloud,- darkness's one above the other,- when
one puts out his hand he can scarcely see it; for he to whom God has given
no light, he has no light.

Rodwell “Or like the darkness on the deep sea when covered by billows riding
upon billows, above which are clouds: darkness upon darkness. When a man
reacheth forth his hand, he cannot nearly see it! He to whom God shall not
give light, no light at all hath he!”
Sale “Or, as the darkness in a deep sea, covered by waves [riding] on waves,
above which are clouds, being [additions of] darkness one over the other;
when [one] stretcheth forth his hand, he is far from seeing it. And unto
whomsoever God shall not grant [his] light, he shall enjoy no light at all.“
Irving “Or like darkness on the unfathomed sea: one wave covers up another
wave, over which there [hang] clouds; layers of darkness, one above the
other! When he stretches out his hand, he can scarcely see it. Anyone whom
God does not grant light to will have no light! .”
Dawood “Or like the darkness of a bottomless ocean spread with clashing
billows and overcast with clouds:darkness upon darkness.If he stretches out
his hand he can scarcely see it.Indeed the man from whom God withholds his
light finds no light at all.”

Mohammed preaching to followers
The Koran is comparing the state

of unbelievers to a man deep
underwater in a dark ocean.
However, for the people listening

to Mohammed reciting the Koran
to have understood Surah 24:40
they would have to already know
that it is very dark deep underwater.
In fact Surah 24:40 presumes such

knowledge among its listeners.

Despite the claims of

Islamic Fundamentalists
you do not need a
Submarine to realise
that it is dark
underwater.Fishermen
can see objects just
below the surface, but
not deep down on the
ocean floor because it
is too dark.

Claim 50 Conclusion
1. Surah 24:40 does not include any miraculous knowledge that
was not already known to the Arabs of Mohammed's time.
2. In fact, this verse assumes that the listeners already know such
things.It is comparing unbelievers to something familiar to
listeners.
3. Arab fishermen or sailors could easily see that it is dark
underwater.
4. There is no need for Allah to have told Mohammed about this.
5. This example of an alleged Scientific Miracle is merely referring
to something which was common knowledge among the Arabs
of Mohammed's time.

Conclusion Conclusion for Koran Science
& Cosmology (Part 3)
1. This Presentation has examined 19 further examples of alleged
Scientific Miracles in the Koran and found them to be totally
unconvincing.
2. The “evidence” for Scientific Miracles in these 19 examples
does not stand up to scrutiny anymore that that in the other
Presentations.
3. This “evidence” is based on vague phrases, dishonest or
inaccurate translations,taking verses out of context & ignoring
the most obvious or traditional interpretation.
4. Different Fundamentalists can make the same vague few words
mean completely different & contradictory things.
5. These 19 examples do not support claims of Scientific Miracles
in the Koran.

Continued on next Presentation ……

Flat Earth Koran 12 of 13 - Koran Science &amp; Cosmology (Part 3)

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Flat Earth Koran 12 of 13 - Koran Science &amp; Cosmology (Part 3)

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The Flat Earth Koran

12 of 13 – Koran Science & Cosmology

3rd September 2009 12 - Koran Science & Cosmology (Pt 3) 1

3rd September 2009 12 - Koran Science & Cosmology (Pt 3) 2

They appear to fall into the

These Presentations will

3rd September 2009 12 - Koran Science & Cosmology (Pt 3) 3

3rd September 2009 12 - Koran Science & Cosmology (Pt 3) 4

32) Earth a rotating sphere 42) Mountains & stability

3rd September 2009 12 - Koran Science & Cosmology (Pt 3) 6

"Hast thou not seen how God

". . . He coils the night upon the

3rd September 2009 12 - Koran Science & Cosmology (Pt 3) 7

1. According to this claim, the Koran alluded to the Earth being a

3rd September 2009 12 - Koran Science & Cosmology (Pt 3) 9

3rd September 2009 12 - Koran Science & Cosmology (Pt 3) 10

3rd September 2009 12 - Koran Science & Cosmology (Pt 3) 11

3rd September 2009 12 - Koran Science & Cosmology (Pt 3) 12

3rd September 2009 12 - Koran Science & Cosmology (Pt 3) 13

3rd September 2009 12 - Koran Science & Cosmology (Pt 3) 14

3rd September 2009 12 - Koran Science & Cosmology (Pt 3) 15

3rd September 2009 12 - Koran Science & Cosmology (Pt 3) 16

The Ancient Greek

3rd September 2009 12 - Koran Science & Cosmology (Pt 3) 17

The Ancient Greek

3rd September 2009 12 - Koran Science & Cosmology (Pt 3) 18

The Philosopher, Eratosthenes

3rd September 2009 12 - Koran Science & Cosmology (Pt 3) 19

Left: Modern interpretation

3rd September 2009 12 - Koran Science & Cosmology (Pt 3) 20

Around AD150, the Greek Philosopher Ptolemy summarised the work

The Earth does not have

3rd September 2009 12 - Koran Science & Cosmology (Pt 3) 22

Flat Earth – Like the surface of a table

Setting Place Rising Place

3rd September 2009 12 - Koran Science & Cosmology (Pt 3) 23

1. There is nothing remarkable about somebody in the C7th AD

3rd September 2009 12 - Koran Science & Cosmology (Pt 3) 24

3rd September 2009 12 - Koran Science & Cosmology (Pt 3) 25

After that He smoothed out

The Earth is not a perfect

3rd September 2009 12 - Koran Science & Cosmology (Pt 3) 26

3. This information was not known until centuries later it is

5. How, we are asked could Mohammed have known this if God

7. Supporters of this claim say that this information in the Koran

3rd September 2009 12 - Koran Science & Cosmology (Pt 3) 27

3rd September 2009 12 - Koran Science & Cosmology (Pt 3) 28

Non Spherical Ostrich Egg “He made the Earth egg

Some say that this verse

But this is not an accurate

3rd September 2009 12 - Koran Science & Cosmology (Pt 3) 29

Viewed in context, verse 30 is part of a description of God creating

3rd September 2009 12 - Koran Science & Cosmology (Pt 3) 30

In reality, the Earth, while not

Even if you were in Outer

The Earth is nothing like the

3rd September 2009 12 - Koran Science & Cosmology (Pt 3) 31

5. This is an example of some Muslims rewriting verse of the Koran

7. This claim is a fraud whatever way you look at it.

3rd September 2009 12 - Koran Science & Cosmology (Pt 3) 32

3rd September 2009 12 - Koran Science & Cosmology (Pt 3) 33

“He is Lord of the two East's & Lord of the

3rd September 2009 12 - Koran Science & Cosmology (Pt 3) 34

3rd September 2009 12 - Koran Science & Cosmology (Pt 3) 35

Flat Earth Koran 12 of 13 - Koran Science & Cosmology (Part 3)

Flat Earth Koran 12 of 13 - Koran Science & Cosmology (Part 3)