The University of Texas at Austin Spring 2013 CAEE Department, Architectural Engineering Program

Course:

HVAC Design
ARE 346P/CE 389H
Dr. Novoselac, Atila ECJ, 5.422 Office (512) 475-8175 e-mail: atila@mail.utexas.edu http://www.ce.utexas.edu/prof/Novoselac

Instructor:

Office Hours: Tuesday and Thursday 11:00 12:00 p.m.

Objectives
Introduce course syllabus and establish ground rules

Describe class content

Address any of your concerns

Introduce yourself
Name? Grad/undergrad? Department? Your professional interest?

HVAC systems
Systems that:
Cost very much (residential 10-20% , commercial 20-50% of total cost) Uses the most energy Most strongly influences our comfort Has great potential to improve/degrade our health

No longer taught in ME (at UT) Very high demand for graduates

Motivation for studying HVAC systems

Responsible for ~40% of energy consumption ~90% of our time is spent indoors HVAC systems are a central part of every building

Prerequisites
Building Environmental Systems
Familiarity with HVAC

Thermodynamics
Psychrometrics, phase change, properties

Fluid Mechanics
Flow in pipes and ducts, non-dimensional numbers

Useful but not necessary Heat Transfer

Conduction, convection, radiation

Course Objectives
1. Apply fundamental physical principles to HVAC design 2. Describe and size each component in an HVAC system 3. Design HVAC systems based on manufacturers datasheets 4. Contrast residential systems with commercial systems and use appropriate design techniques for each type of system 5. Solve HVAC design problems with high-quality references

Course Topics
Background, Introduction and Review Heating and Cooling Loads Psychrometrics and mass transfer Air conditioning and refrigerant cycles Chillers and Boilers Coils and heat exchangers Ducts, air, and water systems Large HVAC Systems HVAC Control Final Project, field trip 2 wks 1 wk 1 wk 2 wks 1 wk 2 wks 2 wks 2 wk 2 wk 1 wk 15 wks

What am I NOT covering?

Detail calculation of Cooling/Heating loads Human comfort/Indoor air quality Furnaces and boilers Absorption cycle refrigeration Energy generation (heat and power, cogeneration) District heating and cooling (campus or city scale)

This is a skills class

I expect you to come away from this class and be able to understand everything that you see in an HVAC system or know where to go to learn about it. You will be able to size most HVAC components, design smaller and medium size systems and understand larger systems

Textbook
Kuehn, T.H.; Ramsey, J.W.; Threlkeld, J.L. 1998. Thermal Environmental Engineering (3rd Edition) Prentice Hall ISBN: 0139172203
First edition was 1962 Excellent graduate/undergraduate textbook Thorough, fundamental, many examples Look forward to your opinion Other books are optional

Grading
Mid-Term Exam Project Homework Assignments Participation 25% 30% 40% 5% 100%

Homework is a large part of your grade

~ Weekly assignments, reducing in intensity by the end of semester 10% penalty per day for late assignments

You are allowed to work together, but each student must prepare their own solution

Project (30%)
Final Project (30%)
- Undergraduates - group assignment - Graduates individual assignment

Design HVAC component and systems Assigned in early April, due 5/4

Final project will have written (report) and oral (presentation) components

Exam (25%)
One open-book midterm exam:
April 12 tentative
1 or 2 longer problem(s) Few short answer questions

Participation
My assessment of your participation in the class
5% of total grade

How to get participation points

Come to class and be on time Submit all assignments/project on time Participate in class

My Issues
Please dont come to my office between 8:30 and 9:30 am on Tuesday and Thursday
Class preparation

Please dont use e-mail to ask me content questions

Call me or come see me

Suggestion are welcome

Course Website
All class information online http://www.ce.utexas.edu/prof/Novoselac/class es/ARE389H/ PLEASE LET ME KNOW ABOUT ERRORS

TENTATIVE COURSE SCHEDULE

TENTATIVE COURSE SCHEDULE

Continues from previous page

Your questions ?

The Big Picture

HVAC systems need to provide conditioned and acceptable air quality in buildings
Heating, Cooling, Ventilation
Heating, cooling, ventilation loads

Systems: Heating
Make heat (furnace, boiler, solar, etc.) Distribute heat within building (pipes, ducts, fans, pumps) Exchange heat with air (coils, strip heat, radiators, convectors, diffusers) Controls (thermostat, valves, dampers)

Systems: Cooling
Absorb heat from building (evaporator or chilled water coil) Reject heat to outside (condenser) Refrigeration cycle components (expansion valve, compressor, concentrator, absorber, refrigerant) Distribute cooling within building (pipes, ducts, fans, pumps) Exchange cooling with air (coils, radiant panels, convectors, diffusers) Controls (thermostat, valves, dampers, reheat)

Systems: Ventilation
Fresh air intake (dampers, economizer, heat exchangers, primary treatment) Air exhaust (dampers, heat exchangers) Distribute fresh air within building (ducts, fans) Air treatment (filters, etc.) Controls (thermostat, CO2 and other occupancy sensors, humidistats, valves, dampers)

Systems: Other
Auxiliary systems (i.e. venting of combustion gasses) Condensate drainage/return Dehumidification (desiccant, cooling coil) Humidification (steam, ultrasonic humidifier) Energy management systems

Drain Pain Removes moisture condensed from air stream

Cooling coil Heat transfer from air to refrigerant Extended surface coil

Condenser

Expansion valve
Controls Compressor

Heating coil Heat transfer from fluid to air

Heat pump
Furnace Boiler Electric resistance

Controls

Blower Overcome pressure drop of system

Adds heat to air stream

Makes noise

Potential hazard
Performs differently at different conditions (air flow and pressure drop)

Duct system (piping for hydronic systems) Distribute conditioned air Remove air from space Provides ventilation Makes noise Affects comfort Affects indoor air quality

Diffusers Distribute conditioned air within room

Provides ventilation Makes noise Affects comfort Affects indoor air quality

Dampers Change airflow amounts

Controls outside air fraction Affects building security

Filter Removes pollutants Protects equipment

Imposes substantial pressure drop

Requires Maintenance

Controls Makes everything work Temperature Pressure (drop) Air velocity Volumetric flow Relative humidity Enthalpy

Electrical Current
Electrical cost Fault detection

Goals of this class

Use thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, heat transfer, control theory, physics, critical analysis to design HVAC systems that work