GUESS..

can you SPOT the difference between two figures?

Answer.
i) Normal blood cells ii) Burst blood cell

How does this situation occur? The movement of water in and out of cells when placed in difference concentration of solution through osmosis.

3.2 Movement of Substances Across the Plasma Membrane in Everyday Life

The effects of hypotonic, hypertonic and isotonic solutions on animal and plant cell

Concentration of solution

Isotonic solution

Hypotonic solution

Hypertonic solution

The effects of hypotonic, hypertonic and isotonic solutions on animal and plant cell
How the water, solutes and other substances move in and out in of plasma membrane? The movement of water across the plasma membrane determined by the concentration of substances. The cytoplasm of animal cells contains water, solutes and other substances In plant cells, these substances store in central large vacuole

Animal and plant cells in isotonic solution

What is isotonic solution? Is a solution in which concentration of solute is equal to the cytoplasmic fluid Water diffuse into and out of cell at equal rates No net movement of water across plasma membrane Cells retains its normal shape Human cell isotonic to 0.9% saline solution (salt water) Plant in isotonic solution retains it normal shape

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Animal cells in isotonic solution

Plant cells in solution isotonic

Animal and plant cells in hypotonic solution What is hypotonic solution? Is the solution that the concentration of solute outside a cell is lower than the concentration of solute inside the cell When cell is placed in hypotonic solution, the water move from the outside into the cell by osmosis Water enters the cell, causing it to swell up.

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Ex: red blood cell (RBC) in animal cells When water enter the RBC, the cells will swell up and burst This because plasma membrane is too thin and delicate to withstand osmotic pressure that develop within cell The bursting of RBC is known as haemolysis

Continue. Animal cells in hypotonic solution

Haemolysis of RBC

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Ex: in plant cells Plant cells do not burst because of their rigid cell wall is strong to resist the pressure Immersed in hypotonic solution, water diffuse into large central vacuole by osmosis Vacuole expand and swell up Vacuole gained water and plasma membrane push against the rigid cell wall

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In this condition, the cell is said to be turgid The swelling of plant cells create turgor pressure within the cell Turgor pressure is important in supporting and maintaining the shape of cells Turgidity responsible for causing the guard cells of leaf to swell, stomata open for photosynthesis

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Animal and plant cells in hypertonic solution

What is hypertonic solution? Is the solution in which the concentration of solutesin the solution is higher than the concentration of solutes inside cell Net movement of water from inside to outside cell by osmosis Causes the cell to shrink and internal pressure decrease Ex: RBC immersed in hypertonic solution Cell become shrink and plasma membrane crinckle up RBC undergo crenation

Continue. Animal cells in hypertonic solution

Crenation in RBC

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Ex: plant cells immersed in hypertonic solution Water diffuse out of central vacuole by osmosis Vacuole and cytoplasm shrink and plasma membrane pulls away from cell wall Plant cell undergo plasmolysis

Continue. Plant cells in hypertonic solution

Plasmolysis of plant cell

Continue.. Cell become flaccid, cellulose cell wall not shrink because it strong Flaccidity cause the plant leaves become limp and stem to droop This situation is called wilting If plasmolysis is prolonged, cell become death Plasmolysis plant cell become turgid if immersed again in hypotonic solution Water taken by osmosis and flaccid cell become fully turgid again The cell is said to undergo deplasmolysis

Hypotonic, isotonic, and hypertonic solution

Conclusion
Concentration of solutions

Hypotonic solution

Isotonic solution

Hypertonic solution

Turgor pressure in plant cell Haemolysis in RBC

Plasmolysis in plant cell Crenation in RBC

Exercises
1) What are isotonic, hypotonic and hypertonic solution? 2) What will happen to red blood cell if it placed in hypotonic and hypertonic solution? Explain briefly 3) Explain the turgidity and flaccidity in plant cell.