ELEMENTS OF EFFECTIVE

WRITING CNTD…
MALAPROPISM
 If I reprehend anything in this world, it
is the use of my oracular tongue and a
nice derangement of epitaphs.
 The words she intends to use are
apprehend, vernacular and epithets
AVOID THE USE OF CLICHÉS
 Last but not the least
 At the outset
 Out of the box
 With all due respect
 At the end of the day
Few more …
 Crux of the matter is
 The bottom line is
 Pain in the neck
 Driving force
 Helm of affairs
USE OF JARGON
 A word or phrase from the general
vocabulary expresses your thought as well
and precisely as a specialised term, always
use the general term
 Even if the specialised term is more precise
and economical than the general term do
not use it unless you are sure that the
reader would understand it.
 If you have to use a specialised term define
it the first time you use it
AVOID FOREIGN WORDS AND
PHRASES

 Raison d’etre ----the most important

reason to exist
 Infra dig ----- below dignity
 Vide supra --- see above
 Eclat ---renown
 Sub rosa --- secretly
AVOID DISCRIMINATORY
WRITING
 Use of masculine pronoun can be
eliminated in three ways
s/he
 Referring to them in plural
 AVOID CLUTTERING PHRASES

 Owing to the fact that --- because

 Under the circumstances in which--- when
 For the reason that --- since
 In the light of fact --- because
 It is necessary that --- should
 Has the opportunity to --- can
 In the meantime--- meanwhile
 AVOID ROUNDABOUT
EXPRESSIONS

 If there are any points on which you

require explanation or further details,
we shall be glad to furnish such
additional details as may be required
by telephone
 if you have any questions please
contact us over telephone
AVOID AMBIGUITY
 The seniors were asked to stop
demonstration on campus
 You can call father in Delhi and tell
him about Srimant taking you out to
dinner just for Rs.50
 Ans

 The seniors on campus were asked to

stop demonstrations on campus
 Just for Rs.50 you can call your father
and tell him about Srimant taking you
out to dinner.
BREAK THE SENTENCE
 We might further mention that we
would be glad to furnish any of these
whistles on a trial basis to the extent
that if the smaller size is not adequate
enough, it could be returned in lieu of
the purchase of a large size depending
upon actual operation and suitability of
requirement for signal distance and
audibility.
2.

 We can see from the above list that

though the average number of
customers per day is small, the
turnover is maximum because at other
restaurants the main items of sale are
tea, coffee and snacks where at this
restaurants meals are also available.
3.
 Due to the fact that production of reports involves
considerable cost to our organization, it can easily
be seen that the reduction of the time spent in
writing and reading them, a shortening of the
reports themselves, would represent an appreciable
gain in reducing our general operating expenses,
although the matter of the length of the report
should naturally be considered in relation to the
complexity of the material and its adequate
coverage keeping in mind the requirements of the
specific situation
A1.

 We would gladly provide any of these

whistles for trial.
 In addition, we would replace the
smaller size whistles with the larger
ones, if you feel that they may help
you hear your signals more clearly at a
specific distance
A2
 The above list shows that this
restaurant has the maximum turnover
though the average number of
customers per day is small.
 This is because besides tea, coffee,
and snacks, it sells meals also.
 A3

 The production of reports involves large sum

of our organization.
 If we shorten the reports keeping in mind the
complexity of adequate coverage relevant to
specification and contents, we can reduce
the time spent on reading and writing them.
 By doing so we can reduce the operating
expenses.