Gasoline storage Tank

Umair saeed
Roll No. 56
Final year
Chemical engineering
department
Storage of Gasoline

After the process

completion, the
final stage is the
design of a suitable Storage tank
storage tank.
Pressure
Pressure vessel
vessel
A pressure vessel is a closed container designed to hold
gases or liquids at a pressure different from the ambient
pressure.
For the storage of volatile liquids, internal pressure vessel is
used as a storage tank with an internal floating roof.
Internal floating roof is used in case we have a volatile liquid.
This helps in reducing the loss of vapours. The deck in
internal
floating roof tanks rises and falls with the liquid level.

Contact decks can be:

•aluminium sandwich panels
•fibre glass reinforced polyester (FRP)
•pan steel decks floating in contact with the liquid
Floating roof
Shape
Shape of
of pressure
pressure vessel
vessel
Pressure vessels may theoretically be almost of any shape
e.g.
•Spheres
•Cylinders
•cones
A common design is a cylinder with hemispherical end caps
called heads.
Theoretically, a sphere would be the optimal shape of a
pressure vessel. But
A spherical shape is difficult to manufacture
more expensive
Difficult to erect
so most pressure vessels are cylindrical with 2:1 semi-
elliptical heads or end caps on each end.
INTE
RNA
L
FLO
ATIN
G
ROO
F
TAN
K
Internal view of an internal floating roof tank
Designing of internal
floating roof storage tank
Collapse of a
storage tank as a
result of design
fault
 Design
calculations
Density of gasoline at 20 oC = 737.22 kg/m3
ρ1/ρ2 = [1 + c*T1]/ [1 + c*T2] *engineering measurement
methods by T A Polak
ρ1 = [1 + 0.001(44.1)/1 + 0.001(20)] * 737.22
Density at 44.1 C = 754.63 kg/m3 for gasoline
Volume for 66125 kg of gasoline = 66125/756.17 = 84.45
m3
10 % of liquid volume = 84.45*0.1 = 8.45 m3
Volume of storage tank = 82.45 + 8.45 = 92.895 m3
For cylinders, L/D = 2 *coulson and Richardson, Vol. 6
V = π/4 LD2 (:- L = 2D)
92.895 = π/2 D3
D3 = 59.138 m3
D = 3.89 m
Static pressure of liquid in the tank = pi = ρgh = 737.22*9.8*7.79
= 57610 N/m2 = 0.058 N/mm2
Now,
Design pressure = 0.058 * 1.1 = 0.063 N/mm2
Now, design stress for carbon steel at 44.1 C
= 135 N/mm2 *coulson and richardson vol. 6, table 13.2
Wall thickness = e = Pi*Di/2f – Pi
e = (0.063 * 3.89*103)/ (2*135 – 0.063)
e = 0.908 mm
Adding corrosion allowance of 2 mm, as we have less corrosive
environment,
e = 0.908 + 2
e = 2.908 mm
We will use Wall thickness e = 13 mm

since we do have a low pressure, therefore wall thickness

according to our calculation was less than the
recommended one. And now we have to use
recommended wall thickness according to coulson and
Richardson . Vol. 6
Now,
The pressure inside the tank is very low,
Therefore, we use a torispherical head
For torispherical head,
Rc = 3.89 * 103 mm
Rk = 0.06 * Rc
Rk = 0.06*3.89*103
Rk = 233.4 mm
Cs = ¼[3 + √(Rc/Rk)] *coulson and richardson vol. 6
Cs = 1.771
So, now
e = PiRcCs/2Jf + Pi(Cs – 0.2) + C *coulson and
Richardson vol. 6
e = 0.063*3.89*103*1.771 / 2*135 + 0.063(1.771 –
0.2) + 2
e = 1.607 mm + 2 mm
e = 3.607 mm