Microwave Propagation Characteristics In The MMDS Frequency Band

Jeffrey W. Porter and John A. Thweatt Motorola Labs Communication Systems and Technologies

To be presented at the International Conference on Communications (ICC2000), June 18-22, 2000.

DoCoMo/Motorola Meeting

Confidential Proprietary

June 8 & 9, 2000

Outline of Presentation
Introduction
Measurement Methods Path Loss Results Delay Spread Results Conclusions

DoCoMo/Motorola Meeting

Confidential Proprietary

June 8 & 9, 2000

Introduction
Study Objectives
To determine path loss characteristics To determine delay spread characteristics

System Parameters
Frequency Band - MMDS - 2.45 - 2.50 GHz Transmitter:
43 meters high 53 sectored antenna, 11 dBi gain

Receiver:
5.2 - 16.5 meters 10 beamwidth directional antenna, ~21 dBi gain Omni-directional antenna, 9 dBi gain

DoCoMo/Motorola Meeting

Confidential Proprietary

June 8 & 9, 2000

Propagation Measurement System

Transmitter Equipment Cabinet

pro

pag a

tion

test

sig n

al

con

trol

link

Test Truck with Mast

Transmitter Site
IL02 Sector HQ, East Penthouse 30 foot tower with rotator Equipment cabinet
cabling, equipment rack, workstation
DoCoMo/Motorola Meeting

Receiver Site
Motorola Labs Field Test Vehicle Pneumatic mast, pan & tilt Antenna assembly and camera Workstation

Wireless control channel

June 8 & 9, 2000

Confidential Proprietary

 Measurement Campaign
Data collected at sites in Schaumburg, Hoffman Estates, Palatine, etc. Sites chosen for representative coverage Controlled by operator in the test truck Automated process with LabView application

Measurement Data
1458 power measurements at 243 sites 58,300 power delay profiles recorded at 104 sites

DoCoMo/Motorola Meeting

Confidential Proprietary

June 8 & 9, 2000

Path Loss Measurements

Transmit an unmodulated carrier at 2.496 GHz using a vertical-polarized directional antenna
Receiver used a Spectrum Analyzer to determine average power for 10 seconds
for vertical-polarized directional and omni-directional antennas at three antenna heights - 16.5 m, 10.4 m, 5.2 m (54, 34, 17 feet)

DoCoMo/Motorola Meeting

Confidential Proprietary

June 8 & 9, 2000

LOS Path Loss - Directional Receive Antenna

* Varying the Antenna Height does not significantly affect path loss
DoCoMo/Motorola Meeting Confidential Proprietary

June 8 & 9, 2000

LOS Path Loss - Omni-directional Antenna

* Varying the Antenna Height does not significantly affect path loss
DoCoMo/Motorola Meeting Confidential Proprietary

June 8 & 9, 2000

NLOS Path Loss - Directional Antenna

DoCoMo/Motorola Meeting

Confidential Proprietary

June 8 & 9, 2000

NLOS Path Loss - Omni-directional Antenna

DoCoMo/Motorola Meeting

Confidential Proprietary

June 8 & 9, 2000

Summary of Path Loss Results

Receive Antenna Height 16.5 meters Visibility LOS NLOS Receive Antenna Type Directional Omni-directional Directional Omni-directional n 2.4 2.4 2.1 2.7 10.4 meters N 107 90 132 122 n 2.9 2.6 2.9 3.3 5.2 meters N 70 66 143 134 n 1.7 2.1 4.1 4.2

s
3.8 3.4 10.5 9.4

s
4.7 4.6 11.4 10.1

s
3.1 3.5 12.6 10.5

N 28 27 168 163

n = Path Loss Exponent s = Standard deviation of n N = Number of samples

DoCoMo/Motorola Meeting

Confidential Proprietary

June 8 & 9, 2000

Delay Spread Measurements

Objective:
To measure the RMS Delay Spread and
determine the effects of LOS/NLOS conditions determine the effects of antenna directivity determine the effects of antenna height

Delay Spread Measurement System

SigTek 515 Channel Sounder Parameters
20 Mcps Direct sequence spread spectrum (DS-SS) Frequency at 2.475 GHz

Multipath Resolution of ~50 ns 30 dB processing gain

DoCoMo/Motorola Meeting

Confidential Proprietary

June 8 & 9, 2000

Delay Spread for LOS and NLOS Conditions

RMS Delay Spread for LOS
% Probability of RMS Delay Spread <= Abscissa

RMS Delay Spread for NLOS

100

% Probability of RMS Delay Spread <= Abscissa

100

90

Directional Omni-directional

90 Directional Omni-directional 80

80 Directional 70

70

60

60

50 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0

50 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0

RMS Delay Spread (s)

RMS Delay Spread (s)

DoCoMo/Motorola Meeting

Confidential Proprietary

June 8 & 9, 2000

Delay Spread vs. Height (NLOS)

RMS Delay Spread with Directional Antenna

RMS Delay Spread with Omni-directional Antenna

% Probability of RMS Delay Spread <= Abscissa

100

90

% Probablity of RMS Delay Spread <= Abscissa

100

5.2 m 10.4 m

90

5.2 m 10.4 m

80 16.5 m 70

80 16.5 m 70

60

60

50 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0

50 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 RMS Delay Spread (s)

RMS Delay Spread (s)

Slight increase of delay spread with height for directional antenna Decrease of delay spread for most locations with high omni antenna
June 8 & 9, 2000

DoCoMo/Motorola Meeting

Confidential Proprietary

Summary of Delay Spread Values

Visibility
LOS NLOS

Receive Antenna Type

Directional Omni-directional Directional Omni-directional

RMS Delay Spread, s Min Max Mean

0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.04 2.39 5.26 7.06 0.02 0.13 0.14 0.37

DoCoMo/Motorola Meeting

Confidential Proprietary

June 8 & 9, 2000

MMDS Propagation Study Conclusions

In LOS conditions, varying the antenna height and directivity does not significantly affect path loss: n from 2.4 to 2.9. For NLOS conditions, lowering the antenna from the highest to the lowest height results in path loss exponent increasing from 2.1 to 4.1 for a directional antenna and 2.7 to 4.2 for the omni-directional antenna. The directional antenna reduced the mean rms delay spread by a factor of 2.6 (0.37 to 0.14 s) in NLOS conditions In LOS conditions, the directional antenna virtually eliminated all detectable multipath components; the maximum delay spread was 0.04 s. Lower antenna heights generally resulted in slightly lower delay spread but greater path loss
DoCoMo/Motorola Meeting Confidential Proprietary

June 8 & 9, 2000