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Investigative Project
and the Role of Scientific Method
Scientific Method
an orderly and systematic approach a way of answering questions about the world that we live in
control group
IV is kept constant. Variables are identical to the experimental set-up except for IV.
experimental group
Conclusion
Include a statement that rejects or accepts the hypothesis. Recommend for further study and possible improvement to the procedure.
What is an IP?
DEFINITION
A research activity that aims to develop ones ability to identify and determine possible solutions to a particular problem in the community or possible explanations of a particular phenomenon
TYPES OF PROJECT
1. SURVEY a study that attempts to interpret, analyze and report the present condition of a thing or place
Example:
Perception of Third Year Regular High School Students at the Ateneo de Manila High School on the Effect of A(H1N1) Virus on Their Study Habits
TYPES OF PROJECT
2. OBSERVATION a systematic and direct means of gathering data by watching and recording various situations and conditions in conducting the study
Example:
Changes in Weight of a Person in a Day
TYPES OF PROJECT
3. EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH a method of research wherein the variable can be controlled so that experimental factor is separated for measurement of its change
Example:
Effect of Hot Water on the Solubility of Naphthalene Balls
Experiment
Usually refers to a single activity
I.
Introduction
Review of Related Literature Results and Discussion
Conclusion
Recommendation References
RESEARCH PROPOSAL
Provides a clear exposition of what experiments will be done, time-frame, methodologies, and expected outcome.
1. What TOPIC?
I might as well find about what experts or Chemists do to find a good topic! Suggested Themes:
Community-based (Filipino Setting) Waste Management Material Recovery
Objectives
State the objectives in specific, measurable, attainable, relevant and time-bound (SMART) terms that you want to do in order to answer the problem. State the objectives in consonance with the formulated problems. There should be at least three specific objectives.
Objectives
With the desire to determine if calamansi juice is effective in prolonging the shelf life of peeled apples that are exposed to open air , the researchers will: 1. identify the substance present in calamansi juice that makes it effective in prolonging the shelf life of peeled apples that are exposed to open air, 2. determine how calamansi juice prolongs the shelf life of peeled apples that are exposed to open air, and 3. determine the number of hours that the calamansi juice can prolong the shelf life of peeled apples that are exposed to open air.
Hypothesis
The hypothesis should be:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Specific and unambiguous Quantifiable or measurable Testable or falsifiable Generalizable As simple as possible
Hypothesis
State the conditions and predictions of the experiment. The independent and dependent variables should be measurable and should be explicitly stated. There should be at least three specific hypotheses.
Hypothesis
Given the problem of determining if calamansi juice is effective in prolonging the shelf life of peeled apples that are exposed to open air, the researchers hypothesize that: 1. Calamansi juice contains enzymes that make it effective in prolonging the shelf life of peeled apples that are exposed to open air. 2. Calamansi juice, through the enzymes, slows down the rate of decomposition process of peeled apples that are exposed to open air. 3. Calamansi juice can prolong the shelf life of peeled apples up to 72 hours compared to other methods of food preservation that are exposed to open air.
Problem Statement
Sub-problem
Sub-problem
Sub-problem
Objective
Objective
Objective
Hypothesis
Hypothesis
Hypothesis
Procedure
What are the things (and their quantities) you need in solving your problem? What are the orderly steps you are going to do to solve your problem? How are you going to present the data that you will gather? Will it be through graphs or tables?
Timetable
TASKS 1. Submission of Problem and Title 2. Writing the IP Proposal TARGET DATE TEACHERS DEADLINE
3. Submission of IP Proposal
4. Investigation Period 5. Submission of Gathered data 6. Writing the IP Written Report 7. Submission of IP Written Report 8. Preparing for the Oral Defense
SCORE
1 point
1 point 1 point 1 point 1 point 35 points
SCORE
1 point
The general problem statement describes in one sentence what the project is all about
The specific problem statement
(3 X 1)
3 points
3 points 3 points 1 point 1 point
.. will lead to answer the question posed in the general problem statement (3 X 1) .. specifies the variables to be investigated (3 X 1) OBJECTIVES The general objective describes in one sentence the purpose of the project The objectives are appropriate to the problem The specific objective is SMART (3 X 1)
3 points
1 point
1 point 1 point 30 points
REFERENCES
Fredericks , Anthony and Isaac Asimov. The Complete Science Fair Handbook. Scott, Foresman and Co., 1990 Perry, Phyllis J. Getting Started in Science Fairs From Planning to Judging. McGraw-Hill, 1995. Rabago, Lilia. et. al. Research I & II.DOST, 2000.
http://www.dost.gov.ph
http://www.geocities.com