TEIS: LEADING CHANGE THROUGH RESEARCH

Diosdado M. San Antonio Officer In Charge DepED Region 4A (CaLaBaRZon)

Talk Outline

Kotters Change Model Perspectives on Creating Education Educational Research

Realms Aspects Action

Research Publishing Research Results

VMG elements of some TEIs

Through relevant researches, utilize research findings to improve curriculum and instruction, and brings about informed and researchoriented teachers in the future (BUCE). Be a constructor of knowledge.....Be a change agent....Bridge the gap between experience and knowledge and encourage questioning minds. (UPCE). ....nurturing innovative teachers and education leaders (PNU).

Three Ways of Creating Education

MICHAEL BASSEY, Faculty of Education, Nottingham Polytechnic

Hunches using intuition without challenge and without monitoring the consequences.

Historically repeating what has been done before basing today's action on the way it was done previously

Research asking about intentions, by determining their worth, by appraising resources, by identifying alternative strategies, and by monitoring and evaluating outcomes.

Research
Systematic Inquiry Critical Inquiry
process of finding out which is conducted not on a random or arbitrary basis but in the light of some theoretical perspective.

perceptions, interpretations, explanations and conclusions are subject to questioning which challenges them both logically and ethically.

Three Realms of Research in Education

Empirical Research
data collection is centre stage; data are systematically collected by strict procedures, critically analysed, interpreted and conclusions drawn.

Reflective Research
involves systematic and critical thinking findings of empirical research are the starting point for review and argument about educational issues.

Creative Research
the devising of new systems, the development of novel solutions, and the formulation of new ideas, by systematic and critical inquiry.

Two Categories of Research Workers

trying to describe, interpret or explain what is happening without inducing any change giving a theoretical account which links with Understand existing theoretical ideas

Change

trying to induce some change which they see as beneficial using systematic and critical enquiry in attempts to improve the practical situation

Four Critical Aspects of Education

Lemke and Sabelli

how people learn

what people learn

Cognition

Content

Equity
which people learn and why

Context
where people learn or learning environment

Action Research
NSW, Australia, 2010

the term which describes the integration of action (implementing a plan) with research (developing an understanding of the effectiveness of this implementation).

Academic or Formal Research VS Action Research

FORMAL RESEARCH Training needed Goals Extensive Knowledge that is generalizable to a wider audience Review of previous research findings and extensions of them Extensive enquiry into all research previously conducted on this topic using primary sources ACTION RESEARCH Little Results for improving practice in a local situation Problems currently faced or improvements needed in a set of classrooms or a school Some primary sources but also use of secondary sources plus what practitioners are doing in other schools Students and/or members of the school community

Method of identifying Problems Literature review

Sampling

Random or representative preferably with large

Academic or Formal Research VS Action Research

FORMAL RESEARCH Research design Rigorous controls over long periods Deductive reasoning theory to hypothesis to data to confirmation ACTION RESEARCH Flexible, quick time frame, control through triangulation Inductive reasoning observations, patterns, interpretations, recommendation

Approach

Analysis of data

Tests leading to statistical significance

Theoretical significance

Generally grouping of raw data using descriptive statistics

Practical significance

Application of results

The Proper Perspective on Research

Jeffrey R. Henig, EL 2008

No single research study can ever provide the kind of definitive and universal answers that policymakers and citizens seem to yearn for. Reason why this is so.....
fundamental
measures,

limitations of data;

no matter how precise, are always one step or more removed from the concepts that we really are interested in

The Proper Perspective on Research

Jeffrey R. Henig, EL 2008

Although individual studies cannot carry the weight of contemporary expectations, research as a collective enterprise......can enrich our knowledge base.
comprising

multiple studies, attacking questions from differing angles, and exposed to the checks and balance of studies in differing settings and using differing methodologies

The Proper Perspective on Research

Jeffrey R. Henig, EL 2008

But sifting through accumulated studies to discern the weight of the evidence requires at some point the application of judgment. Research can inform decisions but cannot, in itself, displace the need for judgment.

Getting published in a reasonably good journal requires...

(Thomas Plumper)

a research agenda of general interest, a good idea, methodological skills, a well-developed sense of logic, writing skills

A Good Idea... 4 types of ideas usually published in good journals:

an innovative theory a powerful test of an existing theory a methodological innovation a paper which is based on a potentially new data set

Manuscripts get rejected because they

make no or a too small contribution, make inconsistent or logically wrong claims offer insufficient, unconvincing, or poor empirical evidence, run counter something the referees have written before, are poorly written and do not sufficiently sell the paper

Selling a Manuscript to Editors, Referees, and Readers

Many referees make a first decision while reading the introduction. This is where you have to sell the paper. You never get a second chance to make a first impression. Likewise, editors select referees based on reading of your summary and introduction. Try to steer their decision by citing your friends in the intro and avoid citing your foes in the intro.

The Necessary Content (and Order) of an Introduction

1.Appetizer 2.Argument 3.Summary of Argumentation 4.Brief Summary of Research Design and Major Findings 5.Contribution

The 20 Dos

1.Conduct research in an established and growing research area. 2.Work on papers that make a contribution. 3.Choose a contribution that maximizes attention. 4.Make sure that your theory has a fair chance of being wrong. 5.Make sure that your theory is consistent and innovative.

The 20 Dos

6. Choose your empirical field strategically. 7. Minimize the gap between theory and empirical analysis. 8. Demonstrate (as far as possible) the validity of causal and/or observational inferences. 9. Choose the optimal method for your analysis. 10. Write in a simple, illustrative, and lively way.

11. Sell your paper to your reader. 12. Polish your paper, especially the introduction. 13. Stress the contribution of your paper. 14. Cite a few friends and no foes in the introduction. 15. Dont forget to cite papers published in the journal you intend to submit to.

16. Dont submit your paper to journals which are not included in the SSCI. 17. Dont allow rejections to frustrate you. 18. Revise your paper as much as necessary (but with opportunity costs in mind). 19. Dont argue with the editor. 20. Try to get asap (at least) into the 2-2-2 stream.

When you take stuff from one writer it's plagiarism; but when you take it from many writers, it's research.
Wilson Wizner

Research is to see what everybody else has seen, and to think what nobody else has thought.
Albert Szent-Gyorgyi

http://www.deakin.edu.au/health/research/doc uments/Preparing_articles_publication%2023. 08.05.pdf