Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
EARLY LIFE
Roy was born in Radhanagar, Bengal, in August 1774 into the Rarhi Brahmin caste. His family background displayed religious diversity; his father Ramkanto Roy was a Vaishnavite, while his mother Tarinidevi was from a Shivaite family. This was unusual for Vaishanavites did not commonly marry Shaivites at that time. Thus, one parent wanted him to be a scholar, a sastrin, while the other wanted him to have a career dedicated to the laukik, which was secular public administration. He wandered around Himalayas and went to Tibet.
MANY FACETS
Social Reformer Demanded property inheritance rights for women and, in 1828, set up the Brahmo Sabha, which was
a movement of reformist Bengalis formed to fight against social evils. Objected included sati, caste rigidity, polygamy and child marriages. These practices were often the reasons British officials claimed moral superiority over the Indian nation.
Religional Ideas
He preached about the unity of God, made early translations of Vedic scriptures into English, cofounded the Calcutta Unitarian Society, founded the Brahmo Samaj. He sought to integrate Western culture with features of his own country's traditions.
Educationist
Believed education to be an implement for social reform. In 1817, in collaboration with David Hare, he set up the Hindu College at Calcutta. In 1822, Roy founded the Anglo-Hindu school, followed four years later by the Vendanta College. He insisted that his teachings be incorporated with "modern, western curriculum. He advocated the study of English, Science, Western Medicine and Technology.
Journalist
Roy published journals in English, Hindi, Persian, and Bengali. When the English Company censored the press, Rammohan composed two memorials against this
Personal Life Ram Mohan Roy was married three times by the time he was ten years old. His first wife died during his childhood. His second wife, who died in 1824, bore him two sons: Radhaprasad in 1800 and Ramaprasad in 1812. Roy's third wife outlived him.
SWAMI VIVEKANANDA
Date & Place of Birth: 12th Jan. 1863, Calcutta(present Kolkata) Birth Name: Narendranath Dutta Date & Place of Death: 4th July 1904, Belur Math near Kolkata(aged 41yrs) Known For: Spreading & Modernizing Indian Culture & Hinduism Worldwide
Brahmo Samaj
In 1881 he passed the Fine Arts examination and in 1884 he passed the Bachelor of Arts Narendranath became the member of the breakaway faction from the Brahmo Samaj led by Keshab Chunder Sen . His initial beliefs were shaped by Brahmo concepts, which include belief in a formless God and deprecation of the worship of idols.
RAMAKRISHNAS INFLUENCE
His meeting with Ramakrishna Paramahamsa in November 1881 proved to be a turning point in his life He initially looked upon Ramakrishna's ecstasies and visions as, "mere figments of imagination",["mere hallucinations". As a member of Brahmo Samaj, he revolted against idol worship and polytheism, and Ramakrishna's worship of Kali. He even rejected the Advaitist Vedantism He tested Ramakrishna, who never asked Vivekananda to abandon reason, and faced all of Vivekananda's arguments and examinations with patience"Try to see the truth from all angles" was his reply. Vivekananda was taught that service to men was the most effective worship of God During the course of five years of his training under Ramakrishna, Vivekananda was transformed from a restless, puzzled, impatient youth to a mature man who was ready to renounce everything for the sake of Godrealization.
After Ramkrishnas death, Vivekanananda Vivekananda as a Parivrjakathe Hindu religious life of a wandering monk, "without fixed abode, His sole possessions were a kamandalu (water pot), staff, and his two favorite booksBhagavat Gita and The Imitation of Christ. Vivekanandanath travelled the length and breadth of India for five years, visiting important centers of learning, acquainting himself with the diverse religious traditions and different patterns of social life. He developed sympathy for the suffering and poverty of the masses and resolved to uplift the nation.
LAST YEARS
Vivekananda spent few of his days at Advaita Ashrama, Mayavati and later at the Belur Math. Henceforth till the end he stayed at Belur Math, guiding the work of Ramakrishna Mission and Math and the work in England and America. He undertook pilgrimages to Bodhgaya and Varanasi towards his final days. He was suffering from asthma, diabetes and other physical ailments. He died on 4th July, 1904 **********