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PERSONAL FEELINGS
MISREPRESENTING A RULE/MISCITE A CASE
C-clarity
3. 4. 5.
FONT SIZE 12 14 14 12 10
BLOCK QUOTES
BETWEEN PARAGRAPHS
1
3
PROPER MARGINS?
SIZE 1.5 1 1 1
B. PARTY DESIGNATION
Party designations, such as petitioner, respondent, appellant and appellee, are not capitalized even if replacing a proper name.
E. GOVERNMENT AGENCIES
1. Capitalize references derived from proper names of agencies The Bureau (referring to the Bureau of Customs) government
F. POLITICAL SUBDIVISIONS
Capitalize words designation political subdivisions are essential elements of specific names. when they
ITALICS anyone?
A.
NON-ENGLISH WORDS Italicize non-English words. Non-English words are those not found in the latest unabridged Webster s dictionary. When necessary, include a parenthetical explanation or translation immediately after the word.
Basi (local fermented wine) was served by the victim to the accused before the altercation. B. NAMES OF NEWSPAPERS OR MAGAZINES
IT IS A NUMBERS GAME!!!
A. THE PROPER USE OF NUMBERS
Spell out numbers zero to nine and use numerals for 10 and above. Use commas for large numbers i.e. numbers of four digits or more.
Five 55 5,555
IT IS A NUMBERS GAME!!!
C. NUMBERS GROUPED FOR COMPARISON
If a sentence or paragraph compares numbers in a particular category, use figures for all numbers in that category.
The following provinces were represented by a good number of delegates :10 from Mindoro, 12 from Laguna, 15 from Quezon and 16 from Batangas.
D. ADJACENT NUMBERS
To clarify back-to-back modifiers, spell out the smaller number. If the numbers are the same, spell out one. The speech was interrupted by 12 two-minute standing ovations.
IT IS A NUMBERS GAME!!!
E. NUMBERS GROUPED FOR COMPARISON
Spell out numbers that begin a sentence
One hundred fifty disbarment cases are still pending with the office of the Bar Confidant.
D. NUMBERS IN DIALOGUE
Spell out numbers in dialogue, except numbers in large amounts. He told her, the meeting will start in twenty minutes. The speech was interrupted by 12 two-minute standing ovations.
IT IS A NUMBERS GAME!!!
F. NUMBERS IN COMMON EXPRESSION
Spell out numbers in figures of speech or certain common expressions. Ten Cardinal Principles Fifty feet under
G. NUMBERS IN DIALOGUE
Spell out numbers in dialogue, except numbers in large amounts. He told her, the meeting will start in twenty minutes.
IT IS A NUMBERS GAME!!!
H. ORDINAL NUMBERS
Treat ordinal numbers the same as cardinal numbers. Spell out the first through the ninth, and use figures for the 10th onwards.
The accused succeeded on her fifth try.
AGE MATTERS!
AGE IS EXPRESSED IN FIGURES. 5-year old child.
PERCENTAGES?
1. Figures are used either with the word percent or the percent sign (%) . Place the percent sign directly next to the number. The margin or error in the latest survey was. 30% 2. In pairs of numbers or numbers in a series, repeat the percent sign.
20% to 30%
A FRACTION OF A FRACTION
1. Spell out common fractions and mixed numbers and use a hyphen
One-fourth
2. When whole numbers, fractions and mixed numbers appear together, use figures. When expressing mixed numbers as figures, insert a space between the whole number and the fraction. Do not use a hyphen.
The murder weapon was a piece of wood measuring 2 by 1/3 by 15 inches.
ON DECIMALS
3. In text that mixes decimals and whole numbers, a trailing zero is added to the whole numbers. 3.1, 3.6, 4.0 4. If any decimal is less than one, a leading zero is added. However, if the quantity will never be greater than zero, the zero is not added.
MONEY TALKS
1. Place the currency sign directly before the number
P500/$300
2. Repeat the currency sign with each number in a pair of series. Do not use any hyphens when the currency amount is used as a compound modifier.
$100 to $300 price range.
MONEY TALKS
3. Use the currency abbreviation only when clarity requires it. Leave a space after the foreign currency abbreviation and before the indicated amount.
Php 500/USD 600
2. Repeat the currency sign with each number in a pair of series. Do not use any hyphens when the currency amount is used as a compound modifier.
$100 to $300 price range.
ITS A DATE!
1. THE WRITER HAS THE OPTION OF USING THE AMERICAN METHOD (MONTH-DAY-YEAR) OR THE BRITISH METHOD (DAY-MONTH-YEAR) OF WRITING DATES IS ACCEPTABLE. HOWEVER FOR CONSISTENCY, USE ONLY ONE METHOD THROUGHOUT THE TEXT AND FOOTNOTES. 2. WHEN REFERRING TO A DATE BY MONTH FOLLOWED BY THE DAY, DO NOT USE THE ORDINAL FORM.
(this) The September 19 hearing (not this) The September 19th hearing
ITS A DATE!
3. WHEN INDICATING A PERIOD OF SEVERAL YARS, USE to or through, not hypen.
(this) Justice Manalo was on the bench from 1955 to 1971. (not this) Justice Manalo was on the bench from 1955-1971
4. Apostrophes are used to indicate a period of time. 5. DO NOT USE AN APOSTROPHE TO INDICATE A DECADE.
1990s
ITS A DATE!
3. WHEN INDICATING A DATE BY MONTH AND YEAR ONLY, DO NOT PLACE A COMMA BEFORE OR AFTER THE YEAR.
Two lawyers attended the June 2009 deposition.
4. Spell out names of the days and months in the text and footnotes. Abbreviate only in formats such as tables, graphs and catalogs where space is a consideration.
ABBREVIATIONS
1. ON THE FIRST USE, NAMES THAT ARE CUSTOMARILY ABBREVIATED ARE SPELLED OUT FOLLOWED BY THE ABBREVIATION IN PARENTHESIS.
The pre-judicature program was sponsored by the Philippine Judicial Academy (PHILIA).
ABBREVIATIONS
2. After the first usage, abbreviate specific parts of the laws.
The powers of the Supreme Court which concerns admission to the bar is found in paragraph 5, section 5 of Article VIII of the 1981 Constitution. Sec.5 also covers the rule making power of the Court.
3. As a rule, spell out Constitution, legislative enactments, treaties, executive and administrative issuances. IN EXCEPTIONAL INSTANCES WHEN ABBREVIATIONS ARE NECESSARY, SPELL OUT THE ABBREVIATED WORDS ON FIRST USAGE FOLLOWED BY THE ABBREVIATION IN PARENTHESIS.
USE
1. HUMAN RESOURCES 2. POLICE OFFICER 3. SALESPERSON
DO NOT USE
1. MANPOWER 2. POLICEMAN 3. SALESGIRL
A court clerk can give her advice on the matter A court clerk can give an advice on the matter.
a. Replace the sexist pronoun with a neutral pronoun or article such as a, the, this or one.
A judge can always make his ruling orally. A judge can always make the ruling orally.
ERGO, Include only those words that will sufficiently get the point across, no more no less.
It is not necessary that compensation be paid directly investment advisory services, but adviser receive compensation from services.
an investment adviser s by the person receiving only that the investment some source for his or her
Although the investment adviser must be paid, the source of the payment does not matter.
Even lawyers can have trouble understanding specialized legal terms, particularly those pertaining to a field of law outside of their practice. Limit the use of LATIN words to phrases that are generally used, i.e. res ipsa loquitor, prima facie, res judicata, sui generis. (LATIN PHRASES ARE OFTEN JARRING TO THE MODERN READER, EVEN WHEN THAT READER IS A LAWYER)
ALL LAWYERS ARE REQUIRED TO INDICATE THEIR ROLL OF ATTORNEY NUMBER IN ALL PAPERS OR PLEADINGS SUBMITTED TO THE VARIOUS JUDICIAL OR QUASI JUCICIAL BODIES IN ADDITION TO THE REQUIREMENT OF INDICATING THEIR CURRENT PTR AND IBP OFFICAL RECEIPT NUMBER OF LIFE MEMBER NUMBER.
ALL LAWYERS ARE REQUIRED TO INDICATE THEIR ROLL OF ATTORNEY NUMBER IN ALL PAPERS OR PLEADINGS SUBMITTED TO THE VARIOUS JUDICIAL OR QUASI JUCICIAL BODIES IN ADDITION TO THE REQUIREMENT OF INDICATING THEIR CURRENT PTR AND IBP OFFICAL RECEIPT NUMBER OF LIFE MEMBER NUMBER.
ALL LAWYERS ARE REQUIRED TO INDICATE THEIR ROLL OF ATTORNEY NUMBER IN ALL PAPERS OR PLEADINGS SUBMITTED TO THE VARIOUS JUDICIAL OR QUASI JUCICIAL BODIES IN ADDITION TO THE REQUIREMENT OF INDICATING THEIR CURRENT PTR AND IBP OFFICAL RECEIPT NUMBER OF LIFE MEMBER NUMBER.
THE END
THANK YOU GOOD LUCK and GOD BLESS!