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As the number of persons increase in a speech situation: a. The speaker will have to talk louder and slower; b. The seating arrangement have to be changed; c. The situation tends to be formal; d. Audience interests become varied; Thus, speaker preparation becomes thorough. These variations in interaction take place in varying degrees, depending on the purpose. Communication arises from the desire to give and receive messages.
Before your speech, have an adequate information about the possible attitudes toward your topic: a. Is the topic strongly or moderately favorable to the audience? b. Is the audience strongly or moderately neutral or actively conflicting in its attitude toward the topic? c. Is the audience indifferent toward, uninformed about, or simply uninterested in the topic?
You should also gauge the attitudes of the audience toward you (the speaker):
a. In what respects are you like or unlike most of your audience? b. Will the audience know about these resemblances and differences? c. What are your personal reasons for speaking here? d. Will the audience know these reasons? e. How many in the audience are personally acquainted with you? f. Will most of the audience be favorably inclined toward you personally or will be prejudiced about you?
1. You may choose a familiar topic and find out more about it. 2. Know when and where the speech will be given. 3. Choose a topic that can be presented orally.
The major sources of materials for a speech are: a. Conversations b. Investigations c. Readings You may use descriptions (vivid, realistic appeal to the senses), anecdote (narrative example or brief story with a point), specific instance (condensed illustration), quotations (authority acceptable to audience), statistics (groups of facts scientifically collected).
c. Organize the parts so that only the essential ideas are included. d. Group your facts into few main topics, three at the most, so that the listeners can easily remember.