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  • Preventing Dementia Presentation 2

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    GifuGifu
    24 vizualizări26 pagini
    This document provides an overview of dementia, including its history and current definition. It describes how dementia was first recorded in ancient Greece and conceptualized throughout history. In the early 20th century, Alois Alzheimer identified neurofibrillary tangles and plaques in the brain of a woman with dementia, which led to the discovery of Alzheimer's disease. Today, dementia is defined as the deterioration of memory, language, and other cognitive skills. The document notes that dementia is pandemic, with a new case occurring every 7 seconds globally, and Alzheimer's disease accounting for the majority of cases.

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    This document provides an overview of dementia, including its history and current definition. It describes how dementia was first recorded in ancient Greece and conceptualized throughout history. In the early 20th century, Alois Alzheimer identified neurofibrillary tangles and plaques in the brain of a woman with dementia, which led to the discovery of Alzheimer's disease. Today, dementia is defined as the deterioration of memory, language, and other cognitive skills. The document notes that dementia is pandemic, with a new case occurring every 7 seconds globally, and Alzheimer's disease accounting for the majority of cases.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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    24 vizualizări26 pagini

    Preventing Dementia Presentation 2

    Încărcat de

    GifuGifu
    This document provides an overview of dementia, including its history and current definition. It describes how dementia was first recorded in ancient Greece and conceptualized throughout history. In the early 20th century, Alois Alzheimer identified neurofibrillary tangles and plaques in the brain of a woman with dementia, which led to the discovery of Alzheimer's disease. Today, dementia is defined as the deterioration of memory, language, and other cognitive skills. The document notes that dementia is pandemic, with a new case occurring every 7 seconds globally, and Alzheimer's disease accounting for the majority of cases.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Descărcați ca PPTX, PDF, TXT sau citiți online pe Scribd
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    din 26

    Joe Enright PSY 846

    Overview
    Introduction
    History Description

    Impact
    Etiology Risk Factors Prevention

    What is Dementia?

    History
    Dementia Literally means without mind Referred to a variety of mental illness Senile/Senility Literally means old age Developed negative connotation due to cognitive decline associated with the elderly

    (Birchtold & Cottman, 1998; Boller & Forbes, 1998)

    History
    Age related cognitive decline first recorded by

    Pythagoras in the 7th century, B.C.


    Old age (Senium) begins at 63

    A long period of physical decline and decay,

    and regression of mental capacity


    A return to the imbecility of infancy Fortunately, few humans experience it
    (Birchtold & Cottman, 1998; Boller & Forbes, 1998)

    History
    Plato and Aristotle (3rd century B.C.)
    Mental failure in old age inevitable Elderly are useless in roles requiring high ability,

    due to deterioration of imagination, judgment, reasoning, and memory


    Didnt link deterioration to organic causes

    (Birchtold & Cottman, 1998; Boller & Forbes, 1998)

    History
    Cicero (2nd century B.C.)
    Senile debility is not characteristic of all elderly The weak minded affected more An active mental life can prevent or postpone

    mental failure Should be considered a disease and defended against

    (Boller & Forbes, 1998)

    History
    Galen (150-200, A.D.)
    Mental deterioration with age inevitable, and due

    to reduced number of animal spirits and from coldness and humidity in the brain

    Little progress for more than a millennium Roger Bacon (1214-1294) memory is a function of the brain cognitive decline is due to injury to the brain occurring in old age.
    (Birchtold & Cottman, 1998; Boller & Forbes, 1998)

    History
    Dementia described by Shakespeare in literary

    works (14th/15th century , A.D.)


    Differentiated between cognitive decline and

    madness Commented on both affective and cognitive changes that occur with dementia

    Many elderly with symptoms of dementia

    victimized during witch hunts (1400-1600s, A.D.)


    (Birchtold & Cottman, 1998; Boller & Forbes, 1998)

    History
    Human dissection becomes popular/acceptable

    in the 1700s
    Brain atrophy first observed Senile dementia classified as medical condition

    (neuroses) resulting from disturbed nervous system function Senile dementia defined as decay of perception and memory in old age Cullen

    (Birchtold & Cottman, 1998; Boller & Forbes, 1998)

    History
    Suspected causes for senile-dementia in the

    early 19th century:


    Menstrual disorders Sequelae of delivery Head injuries Progression of age Ataxic fever Hemorrhoids surgery Mania and monomania Paralysis Apoplexy Syphilis Mercury abuse Dietary excesses Wine abuse Masturbation Unhappy love Fears Political upheavals Unfulfilled ambitions Poverty Domestic problems

    (Esquirol, 1838)

    History
    In the 1860s decreased brain weight linked to

    senile dementia and eventually brain atrophy


    1890s Brain atrophy in dementia attributed to

    lesions caused by neurovascular events (strokes), cutting off the blood supply to the brain
    1898 senile dementia differentiated from

    dementia praecox (later schizophrenia)


    (Birchtold & Cottman, 1998; Boller & Forbes, 1998)

    History
    1907 Alois Alzheimer using advancing cellular

    staining techniques discovered neurofibril tangles, and plaques throughout the brain of a deceased 51 year old with pre-senile dementia
    Auguste D. is first observed case of Alzheimers

    disease
    5 cases of Alzheimers Disease discovered by

    1910
    (Jellinger, 2006)

    Current Definition & Description


    No universal definition
    Considered to be a syndrome, analogous to

    unhealthy aging, a diagnostic label


    Deterioration in at least three of the following

    domains: memory, language, visuospatial skills, personality or behavior, and executive functioning
    Common symptoms include forgetfulness,

    language deterioration, mood changes, impaired judgment, and loss of initiative


    (Mandell & Green, 2011; Cummings & Mega, 2003)

    Celebrities w/ Dementia
    Charles Bronson

    Celebrities w/ Dementia
    James Doohan

    Celebrities w/ Dementia
    Charlton Heston

    Celebrities w/ Dementia
    Ronald Reagan

    Dementia Pandemic
    2005 24 million people with dementia globally
    A new case every 7 seconds

    Alzheimers Disease (AD) accounts for up to

    70% of all dementia cases


    AD is 5th leading killer in the U.S. of adults over

    age 65
    Over 100$ billion a year for care (US)
    (Mandell & Green, 2011)

    Dementia Pandemic

    (ASC, 2010)

    Dementia Pandemic

    (ASC, 2010)

    Dementia Pandemic

    (Mandell & Green, 2011)

    Prognosis
    2005 24 million people with dementia
    A new case every 7 seconds

    Alzheimers Disease (AD) 5th leading killer in

    the U.S.

    (Mandell & Green, 2011)

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